英语初一升初二衔接.docx

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上第一章七年级下册知识点复习Unit 5 and unit 6频度副词及用法 ：频度副词主要指一定时间内动作发生的次数。I always go to school by bike.(100%)I usually go to work by car.(80%) I often go to school by bus.(60%)I sometimesgo to school by subway.(40%) I seldomgo to school on foot.（20%）I never go to school by taxi.(0%)除此之外，常见的这类副词及短语还有：

2、everyday, twice a week, once a week等注意： 对频度副词用 How often 提问：例： 1. How often does he go to the park?Twice a week.2. How often do you go to the library?Everyday !2. 交通方式的表达A. 交通工具 : bus taxi bike train plane subway car等等。B. 乘坐交通工具，用 by+交通工具，中间不加任何词 ：by bike, by bus, by plane/by air除此之外，还可用其他词汇这样表达：tak

3、e a bus, ride a bike, take a taxi, walk toC. 对交通方式或者方式的提问用 how,e.g. How do you go home? I go home onfoot.How does she go to work? By bus.专心-专注-专业13. 关于借物 ： borrow, lend, keepBorrow: 短暂性动词，指从别人那里借来东西。Lend: 指把自己的东西借出去给别人，lend sth. to sb.Keep: 持续性动词，可指 “借多久 ”， 可以接时间段。练习： May I _ your knife?Please _ it

4、to me.You can _ them for 3 days.4. There be 句型 ：表示某地或某时存在某人，某事或或某物。谓语使用就近原则。e.g. Thereis an orange and two apples on the table.将来时结构为： There is going to be / there will bee.g. There is going to be a meeting tomorrow morning.句型变化： a. Is there a computer in your study? Yes, there is./ No, there isnt.b

5、. Are there any shoes under the bed? Yes, there are./ No, there aren t.c. What is on the table? There is a knife and a fork.与“have”的区别： have 指 “某人拥有什么 ”， 强调所属关系。e.g. I have many science books.2课堂小练习1. There _ any rice in the bowl.A. areB. IsC. isn tD. aren t2. There _ many apples on the tree last ye

6、ar.A. have been B. were C. are D. is3. There _ a film tomorrow evening.A. will have B. have C. is going to be D. has4. There is some milk in the bottle, _?A. isnt thereB. aren t thereC. isnt itD. are there5.How many boys _ there in the Class One?A. beB. is C. areD. am6.There _ a lot of good news in

7、todays newspaper.A. isB. are C. wasD. were7. There _ pencil-box, and some flowers on the desk.A. is a B. are some C. has a D. have some8. There _ an apple and ten bananas in the basket.A. are B. is C. has D. have9. _ any flowers on both sides of the street? A. Is there B. Are there C. Has D. Have10.

8、 There is little water n the glass, _?A. isn t thereB. isn t itC. is it D. is there35. 表示地点与方位 : on/ at/in/above/ under/beside/near/behind/next to/across fromOn the right/left, in front of/ in the front of, at the back of/ at back of6. 问路，指路与距离问路：Excuse me, is there a .near here?Excuse me, how can I

9、 get to / Could youme tellhow to get to?Where is ?Excuse me, which is the way to / Which bus goes to?指路：Go up this street to the end andGo along and turn left at the first street.Sorry, I don t know. I m new here.You can take bus No.12.It s about 400 meters from here.You d better take a taxi.距离How f

10、ar is it from here?It s about 5 kilometers away from here./ It s 2 hours by bike.7. 现在进行时用法： 1）表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作。常和 now连用，有时用动词 look!( 瞧 ) ， listen!( 听 ) 来表示“此时此刻”这一时间概念 , 或者使用祈使句 Dont, 引导的句子。4结构为： be + doinge.g. He is reading books in the librarynow.Listen, someone is playing the piano.Look, the

11、y are dancing.注意区别于一般现在时：一般现在时 : 表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态，或表示说话者的能力，或普遍真理。用法 :1) 经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。I go to school on foot on weekdays. / He is very busy every day.2) 表示主语的特征、性格、能力、爱好等。He can swim. / I work hard. / She likes watching TV.3) 表示客观真理There are seven days in a week. / The moon moves round the ear

12、th.标志 : often （经常） ,usually（通常） ,sometimes （有时） ,always （总是） ,never （从不） , on Sundays（在星期天） , every day/month/year（每一天 / 月/ 年）课堂练习( )1. Listen! They _ in the next room.A. singB. is singingC. are singingD. were singing( )2. Lucy is always busy. She _ only five hours every day.A. is sleepingB. will sl

13、eepC. would sleepD. sleeps( )3. Its eight oclock. The students _ an English class.A. haveB. havingC. is havingD. are having( )4. -Is your father a doctor?-Yes, he is. He _ in Town Hospital.5A. has workedB. is workingC. worksD. worked( )5. On Sunday he sometimes _ his clothes and sometimes _ someshop

14、ping.A. wash; doB. is washing; is doingC. washes; doesD. washes; is doing( )6. -Mary, could you help me? -Wait a moment. I _.A. read a bookB. did my homeworkC. was watching TVD. am cooking dinner.( )7. -Tom _ the piano in the room. -Please ask him to come here.A. playB. playsC. playedD. is playing(

15、)8. -Can your father drive?-Yes, and he usually _ to school.A. droveB. is drivingC. drivesD. has driven( )9. -Excuse me, where is Jim? -Oh, he _ dumplings in the kitchen.A. makesB. will makeC. is makingD. made( )10. He said the sun _in the east and _in the west.A. rose; setB. rises; setsC. rises, se

16、tD. rise; sets( )11. Dont turn on the TV. Grandma _ now.A. is sleepingB. will sleepC. sleptD. sleeps( )12. -_ you _ a book? -Yes, I am.A. Do; readB. Are; readC. Are; readingD. Are; looking( )13. Sometimes she _ in the day, but now she is _.A. works; workingB. working; workC. work; workingD.work; wor

17、k( )14. Jenny_ English every evening.A. has studyB. studiesC. studyD. studied( )15. Wang Mei _ music and often _ to music.A. like; listenB. likes; listensC. like; are listeningD. liking ; listen68. 一些重点单词及短语Earlycatchwalkridereturneasyinterestingdifficultboringbeautifullargestopturnacrossdangerlastf

18、astcarefulThe same tocome onhave a short restin one s free time a fewofcourseLook foron timeput awayIn the center ofright nowBe late forput onfrom to be friendly to talk aboutat the end ofa lot ofclose tofar fromacross fromUnit 7 and unit 81.主要词汇短语1-12 月份：JanuaryFebruaryMarchAprilMayJuneJulyAugustSe

19、ptemberOctoberNovemberDecember序数词： firstsecondthirdfourthfifthsixthseventheighthninthtenth .四季：springsummerautumn/ fallwinterWeather: warmhotrainsnowcloudyrainysnowysunnywindycoolcoldSportbirthdaypartypresentshapeagoanythingmeanenjoywashhappenangryarrivebusytraveltripbelieveimportantpreparestart7sho

20、utholdracebe borndo some cleaninghave a good timetake picturesbe good at/ do well inwith the help of/ with one senjoyhelp oneselfat oncetell a liebe different fromput upprepare forstay up2. 天气询问天气： a. 一般现在时： How is the weather? /What s the weather like today?Its sunny./ Its hot.b. 一般过去时： How was the

21、 weather?/ What was the weather like?It was sunny./ It was hot.关于温度： What s the temperature?The temperature is20 .3. 谈论能力： 使用情态单词 can, 后接动词原形， 没有人称变化， 但是有过去式 could. She can sing English songs.Can you dance? Yes, I can. / No, I can t.I can swim now, but I couldn t swim when I was five.4. 意愿和打算Hope 表示

22、希望，指比较容易达成的目的：hope to doWish 表示希望，指不容易达到的目的或意愿：wish (sb.) to doWant 想要，表示个人的意愿， want （ sb.） to doWould like : 用法和 want 一样Plan: 计划， plan to do8e.g.I hope to find a pen pal.I wish to be a rich man. / I wish you to win the first prize.I want/would like to buy a present for her.I plan to go to Hangzhou

23、this summer.5. 一般过去时一般过去时主要表示过去某时发生的动作或情况。 结构是 “主语 +动词的过去式 ” 可以从以下几个方面来理解：1、过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态， 句中有明确的表示过去的时间状语如： yesterday（昨天） , last night（昨晚） , last week（上个星期） , four days ago（四天前） , in 2002（在 2002 年） , just now（刚才） , the day before yesterday（前天） 等。表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。e.g. I bought a new shirt yest

24、erday.He was a worker two years ago.2、过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。e.g. When I was a child,I often played with fire.Li Lei always walked to school last term.其句式变化分为两种情况：1)含有 be 动词的直接把 be 动词改成过去式 .e.g. I was born in 1980.I was not born in 1980.Were you born in 1980?2)含有行为动词的变否定句要在行为动词前加助动词didnt.,同时把动词变成原形 ; 变一

25、般疑问句 ,在句首加助动词 did,同时把动词变成原形 . e.g. I bought a gift for my mum yesterday.I didnt buy a gift for my mum yesterday. Did you buy a gift for your mum yesterday?9课堂练习请用正确动词形式填空。1. I _ an exciting party last weekend. （have）2. She _ at home yesterday morning（. is）3. Tommy _ TV at his uncle s last（watchnight

26、）.4. They all _ to the mountains yesterday morning.（go）5. My friend, Carol, _for the math test yesterday evening.（study）6They_(be) on the farm a moment ago.7There_(be)a shop not long ago.8 Jenny_(not go)to bed until 11:00 oclock last night.9 Danny _(read )English five minutes ago.10 I _(see)Li Lei _

27、(go) out just now.按照括号中的要求改写句子。11. Lucy did her homework at home（.改否定句）Lucy _ _ her homework at home.12. She found some meat in the fridge（.变一般疑问句 )_ she _ _ meat in the fridge?13. She stayed there for a week（.对划线部分提问）_ _ _ she _ there?14. There was some orange in the cup（.变一般疑问句 )_ there _ orange i

28、n the cup?15. Li Ming is at school now. （用 yesterday 改写句子）Li Ming _ at school yesterday.10第二章句法与写作基础一. 了解句子成分与词类之间的关系。据自由句子成分组成， 而句子成分又由某些特定的词语担当。句子成分分为： 主语，谓语， 宾语，表语，补语，定语和状语。（1） 主语主语是一个句子叙述的主体，说明句子讲的是谁或者什么情况。名词，代词，数词，不定式，动词ING 等都可做主语。Mary is a good student.He enjoys going fishing.Playing football

29、is my favorite sport.（ 2） 谓语谓语一般放在主语之后，用来说明主语的动作，特征，行为或者处于什么状态。谓语通常由动词或短语来充当，有时态，语气，语态和人称和数的变化，前面还可以加上助动词或者情态动词等。The room can hold twenty people. 情(态动词 + 动词原形 )She teaches us English.（第三人称单数）My mother bought me a new sweater. 动(词过去式 )（ 3） 表语用来表述主语的特征，状态，身份等，一般跟在连系动词之后，一起构成系表结构。可以作表语的有名词，代词，数词，形容词，副词

30、，介词短语，不定式和动词ING 等等。He is a lucky dog.Her work is to look after the baby.Keep quiet, please.The weather becomes warmer and warmer in spring.（4） 宾语宾语在句子中充当动作的承受者表明行为动作的支配对象。可以做宾语的有名11词，代词，数词，不定式，动词ING 等等。介词之后也叫宾语。Walls have ears.I remember to give back his bike.I send a postcard to my friend yesterday

31、.（ 5） 宾语补足语有些谓语动词虽然带了宾语， 但句子意思并不完整， 还需要有一个补充说明句子意思才完整。这个补充说明的成分就叫宾语补足语，用来说明宾语的行为，特征和状态，身份等。能够充当宾语补足语的的有名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式和动词 ING。I want him backHis jokes make me laugh.I see her playing with her little brother.Mother tells me not to swim in the river.（6） 定语定语用来修饰名词和代词。除动词之外，其余词类都可做定语。放在修饰词前面的叫前置定语，放

32、在修饰词后面的叫后置定语。Ann is a young singer.There is a beautiful picture on the white wall.You can see green leaves on the trees in spring.（7） 状语用来表示 时间，地点，原因，方式，程度，目的，结果，条件等等的叫状语。状语一般放在句尾，有的也可谓语句首或句中。The plane will take off in ten minutes.It sreally beautiful.We will go to the park by bike.Judy wants to hol

33、d her birthday party at her home.I like going shopping very much.12试画出下列句子的句子成分1. The book is about Chinese history.2. You should hold my hand.3. I want to know that beautiful girl under the tree.4. They are working on the farm now.5. The old man was feeling very tired.6. People speak English in Ame

34、rica.7. I often go to school on foot.8. Sam didntdo his homework yesterday.选出句中谓语的中心词 I dont like the picture on the wall.A. dontB. likeC. pictureD. wall The days get longer and longer when summer comes.A. getB. longerC. daysD. summer Do you usually go to school by bus?A. DoB. usuallyC.goD. bus Ther

35、e will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.A. will beB. meetingC. the libraryD. afternoon Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?A.DidB. twinsC. haveD. breakfast Tom didnt do his homework yesterday.A. TomB. didntC. doD. his homework13二.了解句子的各种类型句子可以按照不同类别进行分类。我们主要学习按照用途划分，这样可分为陈述句，疑问

36、句，祈使句和感叹句。（1） 陈述句用于陈述一件事情或一种观点的句子叫陈述句，包含肯定句和否定句， 句末用句号。He is willing to help others.We cantlive without water and air.（2） 疑问句疑问句是用来询问事情的句子。 常用的有一般疑问句， 特殊疑问句，选择疑问句和反意疑问句。一般疑问句常用来询问一件事情是否属实，一般要用yes 或 no 来回答。Does Helen always do housework?Yes, she does.特殊疑问句主要用来对陈述句中某个成分进行提问，常用的疑问词有7个 wh- 和 how。What wi

37、ll you use to do it?/ where are you going?选择疑问句说话人提出一个或两个以上的选择，供对方选择的问句。选择疑问句可用一般疑问句形式也可用特殊疑问句形式，选择项之间用or 连接。What would you like, tea or milk?I dlike tea.Do you like tea or milk?I like milk.反意疑问句通常在陈述句之后加上一个与之意思相反的简短问句构成，主要是说话者对所叙述的情况有一定看法后，想通过一个问句来获得进一步肯定。You can ride a bike, cantyou?14They are hav

38、ing a good time, arentthey?（3） 感叹句感叹句是抒发强烈情感的句子，如欢乐，愤怒，惊奇等。What 和 how 常用来引导感叹句。How careful you are!What a wonderful movie!（4） 祈使句用来表示请求，命令，劝告，建议等的句子叫祈使句。祈使句一般没有时态，也不用情态动词，只需要动词原形来表示即可。Be careful!Dontswim in the lake.Please open the window.根据句子结构划分，句型又可分为简单句，并列句和复合句（1） 简单句 句子如果只包含一个主谓结构就是简单句， 但是它也可包含

39、定语等其他成分。Tom loves singing very much.The weather gets longer and longer.（2） 并列句由两个或两个以上的简单句并列而成， 并用分号或并列连词相连接。This book is Jim sand that one is mine.Jane played the piano and Amy danced at the birthday party.（3） 复合句复合句由一个主句和一个及以上从句构成。从句也是一个完整的句子，充当主句的某种成分，如状语从句，宾语从句，表语从句等等。We will go for a picnic if it doesn train tomorrow.I am reading when my mother comes in.Mary didn tgo to school because she was ill.15三. 六种基本句型A. S + V (主语 + 谓语 ) 此类句型中的动词谓语都是不及物动词，可以单独表达完整的意思。后面不接宾语，但是可以接副词等状语。常见