oj钢结构的除锈处理办法及防锈漆和防火涂料施工方案.doc

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1、【精品文档】如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流第一节第二节第三节第四节 oj钢结构的除锈处理办法及防锈漆和防火涂料施工方案.精品文档.第五节 钢结构的除锈处理办法及防锈漆和防火涂料施工方案1 涂装施工概况本工程涂装工程，包括屋面桁架钢梁及厂房外立面抗风柱，雨棚、楼梯等钢结构防腐涂装和防火涂装。其中防腐涂装分为构件制作厂防腐底漆和中间漆的整体涂装和构件现场防腐漆修补涂装、面漆涂装两部分。构件的防火涂料在钢梁安装、防腐涂装后进行涂装。序号主要要点1钢构件表面处理以前,必须清除表面所有的可溶盐、油脂、钻孔液、磨平焊缝和尖锐边缘、去除焊渣和切削液以及其它污物。2钢构件表面喷射处理喷砂（抛丸）应达

2、到 Sa2.5级标准，表面粗糙度值 R在40m 70m范围内。局部修补层表面要求打磨至 St3级。3工地焊接部位及两侧100mm范围内不得涂装。但工地焊接部位及两侧部位应进行不影响焊接的防锈处理。在除锈后刷涂防锈保护漆，环氧富锌底漆，漆膜厚度50m。4制作厂进行防腐涂装过程中，钢梁现场焊接坡口部位、高强螺栓连接接触面和与砼紧贴或埋入砼内的部位不得涂刷底漆和中间漆。5构件安装后需补涂漆位置：接合部的外露部位和紧固件，如高强度螺栓未涂漆部分，工地焊接区。经碰撞脱落工厂油漆部分，均应进行现场补涂。6涂漆后的漆膜外观应均匀、平整、丰满而有光泽，不允许有咬底、流挂、裂纹、剥落、针孔等缺陷。涂层厚度用磁性

3、测厚仪测定，总厚度应达到有关设计要求。1.1 防腐涂装技术要点构件类型涂层防护方案干漆膜厚度（m）技术要求钢梁、柱间支撑底漆环氧富锌底漆三道50m最低防火年限20年1.2 防火涂料本工程防火涂料材料采用超薄型防火涂料（厚度按耐火极限确定）。耐火极限1.5小时。防火涂料导热系数不应大于0.1W/m。本工程所用防火材料需通过有关消防部门的认可。外露部分尚应满足外观设计的要求。防火涂料与钢结构防锈必须相容。防火涂料的性能、涂层厚度及质量要求应符合钢结构防火涂料（GB14907）和钢结构防止火涂料应用技术规范（CECS24）的要求。钢结构防火涂料必须通过国家检测单位的检测。序号涂装项目涂装要求1防火涂

4、装要求(1)本工程的耐火等级为一级。(2)应保证基层涂料、面层涂料与防火涂料之间的相容性、附着力及耐久性、并结合建筑装饰要求做好面层的配色。(3)防火涂料与钢结构防锈必须相容。防火涂料的性能、涂层厚度及质量要求应符合钢结构防火涂料（GB14907）和钢结构防止火涂料应用技术规范（CECS24）的要求。2耐火极限钢梁耐火极限1.5小时；柱间支撑耐火极限2小时。2 钢构件制作厂的防腐涂装本工程钢构件的防腐耐久年限要求为不小于20年。所有钢构件除现场焊接、高强螺栓连接部位不在制作厂涂装外，其余部位均在制作厂完成表面除锈处理和防腐底漆、中间漆的涂装。现场焊接处及高强螺栓连接部位待现场构件安装完成后在现

5、场进行补漆处理。钢桁架、钢梁等构件在工厂加工完成后先进行表面处理，包括焊缝打磨光顺、锐边打磨成圆角、切割边打磨等；随后进行除油、除盐份等清洁处理。梁、柱等构件采用抛丸除锈，除锈等级不低于Sa2.5级，除锈后表面粗糙度为40-70微米。除锈除尘后，钢结构部件在工厂内按涂装工艺进行防腐涂装。钢构件防腐涂装采用环氧富锌底漆三道，保证漆膜厚度大于50微米。2.1 构件表面处理本工程钢构件采用抛丸除锈。抛丸除锈是利用抛射机叶轮中心吸入磨料和叶尖抛射磨料的作用，使磨料在抛射机的叶轮内，由于自重经漏斗进入分料轮，同叶轮一起高速旋转的分料轮使磨料分散，并从定向套口飞出。从定向套口飞出的磨料被叶轮再次加速后，射

6、向物件表面，以高速的冲击和摩擦除去钢材表面的锈和氧化铁皮等污物。抛丸除锈可以提高钢材的疲劳强度和抗腐蚀应力，并对钢材表面硬度也有不同程度的提高；劳动强度比喷射方法低，对环境污染程度较轻。选用磨料为钢丸，磨料粒径选用1.5mm。钢构件除锈等级不低于Sa2.5级。Sa2.5级为非常彻底的喷射清理。在不放大的情况下进行观察时，表面应无可见油脂和污垢，并且没有氧化皮、铁锈、油漆涂层和异物。任何残留的痕迹应只是点状或条纹状的轻微色斑。钢材表面进行抛丸除锈时，必须使用除去油污和水分的压缩空气。抛丸的施工环境，其相对湿度不大于85%，或控制钢材表面温度高于空气露点3。钢材表面有水或天气潮湿，浓雾时，不得开始

7、抛丸作业；如果已经抛丸，要在相对湿度低于85%后，重新抛丸至Sa2.5级。2.2 防腐漆料的涂装2.2.1 环境准备涂装时环境的温度需控制在15-30。涂料施工环境的湿度，需控制在相对湿度小于80%。此外，为完全控制钢材表面的干湿程度，仍需控制钢构件表面温度与结露点。根据建筑防腐蚀工程施工及验收规范（GB50212-91）的规定，钢材表面的温度必须高于空气露点温度3以上。2.2.2 涂装工艺为避免表面处理后构件的反锈，构件除锈合格后需及时进行底漆的涂刷，控制好涂装的时间间隔。当环境温度在15-30，相对湿度不大于65%时，构件需要在除锈后8小时内完成底漆的涂装；相对湿度在65-80%之间时，构

8、件需要在除锈后4小时内完成底漆的涂装。2.2.3 构件防腐涂装的具体流程为：1）检查构件表面除锈情况，检查合格后开始防腐涂料的涂装。2）涂装环氧富锌底漆三道，保证漆膜厚度大于50微米。3）底漆涂装完成检查合格后，使构件在15-30，相对湿度不高于80%的环境中自然风干。风干过程中，构件不可搬运，注意对漆膜的保护。3 钢结构现场防腐补涂3.1 钢结构现场防腐涂装概述本工程钢结构防腐涂装主要为现场构件防腐漆的补涂。钢结构构件因运输过程和现场安装原因，会造成构件涂层破损。所以，在钢构件安装前和安装后需对构件破损涂层进行现场防腐修补。序号破损部位补涂内容1现场焊接焊缝环氧富锌防腐漆2现场运输及安装过程

9、中破损的部位3高强螺栓连接节点3.2 施工要求及方法名称具体方法材料要求现场补涂的油漆与制作厂使用的油漆相同，由制作厂统一提供，随钢构件分批进场，进场的涂料品种、规格、性能等要符合国家现行产品标准及设计要求；根据设计图纸及相关现行规范要求，材料应按程序要求进行见证取样送验，复验结果应符合国家现行产品标准及设计要求。表面处理采用电动、风动工具等将构件表面的毛刺、氧化皮、铁锈、焊渣、焊疤、灰尘、油污及其它附着物彻底清除干净，除锈要求应符合国标涂装前钢材表面锈蚀等级和除锈等级GB8923-1988以及涂装前钢材表面粗糙度等级的评定GB/T13288-1991的规定。环境要求涂装前，除了底材或前道涂层

10、的表面要清洁、干燥外，还要注意底材温度要高于露点温度3以上；此外，应在相对湿度低于85的情况下可以进行施工。涂装要求经处理的钢结构基层，应及时涂刷底漆，间隔时间不应超过5小时；油漆补刷时，应注意外观整齐，接头线高低一致；螺栓节点补刷时，注意螺栓头油漆均匀，特别是螺栓头下部要涂到，不要漏刷。3.3 施工措施屋面桁架涂装施工时，在4层楼板面上搭设移动式操作架，架顶设操作平台和护栏，用于人员涂装施工使用。移动式操作架共设置34个，A、B区各17个。采用普通483.5脚手管搭设，平面尺寸4.5米4.5米，高度6米，立杆底部设滑轮，滑论有刹车定位装置，架顶设操作平台，平台满铺脚手板；平台四周设护栏，高度

11、1.2米，并挂设安全立网；上下平台设简易楼梯。单个操作架最多可上2名人员同时作业，操作架需要移动时，平台上人员必须下到楼面，松开制动装置，采用人工推动滑移到下一工作面固定。图：移动式操作平台立面搭设示意图图：移动式操作平台搭设示意图3.4 涂层检测及验收名称涂层检测检测工具漆膜检测工具采用触点式干漆膜测厚仪。检测方法每个构件检测5处，每处的3个数值为3个相距50mm测点涂层干漆膜厚度的平均值。膜厚控制膜厚的控制应遵守两个90的规定，即90的测点应在规定膜厚以上，余下10的测点应达到规定膜厚的90。外观检验面漆检验：涂刷均匀，涂层颜色一致，色泽鲜明光亮，无皱皮、流坠、龟裂和气泡，附着良好，分色线

12、清楚、整齐。补刷漆检验：按涂装工艺分层补刷，漆膜完整，附着良好。3.4.1 防腐涂料防火措施序号防火措施1施工的现场或车间无易燃易爆物品，并应远离易燃物品仓库。2施工的现场或车间严禁烟火，并设置明显的禁止烟火的宣传标志。3施工的现场或车间配备消防水源和消防器材。4擦过溶剂和新涂料的棉纱、破布等存放在带盖的铁桶内，并定期处理掉。5严禁向下水道倾倒涂料和溶剂。3.4.2 防腐涂料施工质量保证措施序号防腐施工质量保证措施示意图1防腐涂料补涂施工前对需补涂部位进行打磨及抛丸除锈处理，除锈等级达到St3的要求。现场涂装前除锈处理示意图螺栓节点补涂示意图2钢板边缘棱角及焊缝区要研磨圆滑，R=2.0mm。3

13、露天进行涂装作业应选在晴天进行，湿度不得超过85%；雨露天、雾天均不进行油漆补刷工作。4喷涂应均匀，完工的干膜厚度应用干膜测厚仪进行检测。5涂装施工不得出现漏涂、针孔、开裂、剥离、粉化、流挂等缺陷。4 钢结构防火涂装4.1 防火涂装概况本工程防火涂料的涂装施工在屋面钢梁安装，混凝土浇注完毕后进行施工。如此安排的优点有两点：（1）屋面施工完毕后，钢梁的防火涂装可以在整体屋面的保护下进行，在大风多雨季节防止大风和降雨对防火涂装的影响。（2）混凝土浇注完毕后涂装，可避免屋面板混凝土浇注漏浆对防火涂装造成破坏。本工程钢结构耐火等级为一级，设计要求钢结构做防火涂装，防火涂料的厚度达到构件耐火极限。防火涂

14、料与钢结构防锈漆必须相容。防火涂料的性能、涂层厚度及质量要求应符合钢结构防火涂料（GB14907）和钢结构防止火涂料应用技术规范（CECS24）的要求。钢结构防火涂料必须通过国家检测单位的检测。序号涂装项目涂装要求1防火涂装要求(1)本工程的耐火等级为一级。(2)应保证基层涂料、面层涂料与防火涂料之间的相容性、附着力及耐久性、并结合建筑装饰要求做好面层的配色。(3)防火涂料与钢结构防锈必须相容。防火涂料的性能、涂层厚度及质量要求应符合钢结构防火涂料（GB14907）和钢结构防止火涂料应用技术规范（CECS24）的要求。2耐火极限柱间支撑2.0小时；钢梁耐火极限1.5小时。上述防火措施须得到当地

15、消防主管部门审批同意后方可施工,耐火极限要求以消防部主管部门的意见为准。防火涂料的品种、规格、性能等应国家现行产品标准及设计要求，其与防腐基层、面层之间应有良好的相容性、附着力和耐久性，并应符合钢结构防火涂料应用技术规程CECS24：29、钢结构防火涂料GB14907-2002的规定，根据设计图纸及相关现行规范要求应进行材料复验的，应按相关程序要求进行见证取样送验，复验结果应符合国家现行产品标准及设计要求。4.2 防火涂料施工前操作架准备为避免钢结构防火涂装过程中构件被雨水淋湿，钢结构防火涂装施工选择在钢梁吊装、压型钢板铺设完毕之后进行。由于钢梁距下方混凝土楼面高度约7.8m，所以涂装施工需使

16、用操作架。涂装采用移动式操作架，支持于混凝土楼板上。施工过程中，操作架在次梁下方沿梁方向移动。出于对混凝土梁保护的目的，在支持操作架的混凝土梁上满铺木跳板作为移动轨道。操作架高度6m。出于施工安全考虑，上人操作时，固定好四角的稳固支撑，保证操作架的整体稳定。4.3 防火涂料施工工艺流程本工程钢构件防火涂装在屋面混凝土浇注完毕后进行。喷（刷）涂防火涂料前，首先必须对需做防火涂料的钢构件表面进行清理：用铲刀、钢丝刷等清除钢构件表面的浮浆、泥沙、灰尘和其他粘附物；钢构件表面不得有水渍、油污，否则必须用干净的毛巾擦拭干净；钢构件表面的返锈必须予以清除干净，基层表面处理完毕，并通过相关单位检查合格后再进

17、行防火涂料的施工。防火涂料配料时应严格按配合比加料或加稀释剂，并使稠度适宜；边配边用，当日配制当日用完；双组份或多组份装的涂料，应按说明书规定在现场调配并充分搅拌；施工过程中操作者要携带测厚针检测涂层厚度，并确保喷涂达到设计规定的厚度。4.4 防火涂料的施工工艺：施工项目施工工艺基本要求清除表面油垢灰尘，保持钢材基面清洁干燥涂层表面平整，无流淌，无裂痕等现象，喷涂均匀前一遍基本干燥或固化后，才能喷涂下一遍涂料应当日搅拌当日使用完超薄型防火涂料2-3mm采用重力（或喷斗）式喷枪，配能够自动调压的0.6-0.9m/min的空压机。喷嘴直径为4-6mm，空气压力为0.4-0.6MPa底涂层喷涂2-3

18、遍，面层涂料一般涂饰1-2遍4.5 防火涂料施工工艺流程图4.6 防火喷涂施工程序本工程钢梁超薄型防火涂料的集体施工程序为：搅拌机拌料振动筛过滤将料倒入料斗喷涂于结构表面防火涂料固化重复喷涂和涂料固化两道工序4-6遍，至要求厚度。4.6.1 施工工具1）喷涂底层涂料，可采用喷枪，配能够自动调压的0.6-0.9m3/min的空压机。喷嘴的直径为4-6mm，空气的压力为0.4-0.6MPa。2）面层装饰涂料可以喷涂，采用喷涂底层的喷枪，将喷嘴的直径换为1-2mm，空气的压力调为0.4MPa左右，即可用于喷面层涂料。3）局部修补和小面积施工，或者机械设备已经安装好的厂房，不具备喷涂条件时可用抹灰刀等

19、工具进行手工涂抹。4.7 涂层施工操作与质量：1）涂层喷涂4-6遍，每遍间隔4-24小时，待前遍基本干燥后再喷下一遍。头遍喷涂盖住基底面70%即可，第2、3遍喷涂每遍厚度不超过2mm。2）喷涂时手握喷枪要稳，喷嘴与钢材面垂直或成70度角，喷口到喷面的距离为40-60cm。要求回旋转喷涂，注意搭接处颜色一致，薄厚均匀，要防止漏喷流淌。确保涂层完全闭合，轮廓清晰。3）喷涂过程中，喷涂人员要携带测厚计随时检查涂层厚度，确保涂层达到设计规定厚度要求。4）喷涂形成的涂层时粒状的表面，当设计要求涂层表面要平整光滑时，待喷涂完最后一遍后采用抹灰刀进行抹平处理，使表面均匀平整。4.7.1 超薄型钢结构防火涂层

20、的质量标准：1）喷涂采用的涂料是防火设计选用的，有检测合格报告和产品合格证。2）涂层厚度符合规定的厚度。3）无漏涂、脱粉、明显裂缝等缺陷。如个别裂缝，其裂缝宽度不大于0.5mm。4）涂层与钢基材之间和个涂层之间，应黏贴牢固，无脱落、空鼓现象。5）颜色与外观符合设计要求。轮廓清晰，接茬平整。4.7.2 防火涂料的修复钢结构某些特殊部位无法直接喷涂时，应采用刮涂或刷涂进行修复，工艺要求如下：名称工艺要求表面处理必须对周边未闭合涂料进行处理，铲除松散的防火涂层，并清理干净。刮涂修复主要施工机具：刮灰刀、抹子及刮板刮涂时要掌握好刮涂工具的倾斜度，用力均匀。刮涂的要点是实、平、光，即防火涂料涂层之间应接

21、触紧密，粘接牢固，表面应平整、光滑。刷涂修复主要施工机具：板刷及匀料板。刷涂前先将板刷用水或稀释剂浸湿甩干，然后再蘸料刷涂，板刷用毕应及时用水或溶剂清洗。蘸料后在匀料板上或胶桶边刮去多余的涂料，然后在钢基材表面上依顺序刷开，刷子与被涂刷基面的角度为5070。涂刷时动作要迅速，每个涂刷片段不要过宽，以保证相互衔接时边缘尚未干燥，不会显出接头的痕迹。4.7.3 防火涂料施工质量保证措施序号防火涂料施工质量保证措施1所有防火涂料的产品合格证、耐火极限检测报告和理化力学性能检测报告须齐全。2施工前应用铲刀、钢丝刷等工具清除钢构件表面的返锈、浮浆、泥沙、灰尘和其它粘附物；钢构件表面不得有水渍、油污，否则

22、必须用干净的毛巾擦拭干净。3钢构件基层表面处理完毕，并通过相关单位检查合格后，再进行防火涂料的施工。4当风速大于5m/s、相对湿度大于90%、雨天或钢构件表面有结露时，若无其它特殊处理措施，不宜进行防火涂料的施工。5防火涂料的每一遍施工必须等上一道施工的防火涂料干燥后方可进行。6防火涂料施工的重涂间隔时间在施工现场环境通风情况良好、天气晴朗的情况下，为812小时。7涂层完全闭合，不漏底、不漏涂；表面平整，无流淌、无下坠、无裂痕等现象。8防火涂装时，对可能污染到的施工现场的成品用彩条布进行遮挡保护；刚施工完的涂层，加以临时围护隔离，防止踩踏和机械撞击。（英文版 ） easily blame, t

23、o prevent the broken window effect. Supervise the leading cadres to play an exemplary role, take the lead in the strict implementation of the and , lead to safeguard the solemnity and authority of the party discipline, ensure that the party discipline and the laws and regulations for implementation

24、in place. Throughout the discipline in the daily supervision and management, strengthen supervision and inspection, from the thorough investigation of violations of discipline behavior. Strengthen to key areas, key departments and key projects as well as the masses reflect the concentration of the u

25、nits and departments for supervision. - strengthening supervision, discipline inspection and supervision of cadres to set an example for compliance with the and is a man must be hexyl, blacksmith needs its own hardware. Discipline inspection organs as the executor of the party discipline, and superv

26、isor of the defenders, for its supervision must be more strictly, discipline inspection and supervision of cadres to firmly establish the awareness of Party Constitution, sense of discipline and rules consciousness, politics loyalty, sense obey. Action speak Ji Ordinance to set an example of the reg

27、ulations of the rule of law, strengthen supervision and accept the supervision of the firmness and consciousness, do comply with and . To firmly establish the discipline must first be disciplined, the supervisor will be subject to the supervision of concept, and consciously safeguard and implement p

28、arty compasses party, take the lead in practicing three strict real strict, so loyal, clean, play. To be good at learning, the Constitution and the as morality, politics and brought to fruition; to implement , do not want to, dare not, not with disciplinary ruler to supervision; to discipline a rule

29、r, often the control inspection, and consciously in the ideological red line to draw the row Ming Good accumulation is indeed the bottom line, so that the heart has fear, said to have quit, the line has ended. Attached: indifferent to heart, calmly to the table in our life, there are many unpredicta

30、ble things will happen, some good, some bad things, we cannot control is powerless to stop, but with time, you will find in life sometimes turns out to be not good, some bad things finally turned out to be a good thing, but then we muddy however did not know, this is the life teach us things. 1, lif

31、e can be complex, can also be simple. Want simple life of precipitation, to have enough time to reflect, to make Become more perfect. Life is the most important thing is not to win, but the struggle; not to have conquered, but to have fought well. 2, the plain is the background of life. Live a plain

32、 life, give up on themselves is not a coward, but the wise answers; not disillusioned after the heart, such as ashes, but experience the storm after the enlightenment; not unrewarding perfunctorily, but calm attitude of life of unrestrained self-confidence. Plain living, there is no noise noisy, no

33、earthly troubles, more did not fill in the discontent of desire, some just a calm, a calm. 3, memory of heart will not good things to erase the, life is a When no movie, pain is a beginning, the struggle is a kind of process, death is a kind of ending. Give up this giving up is the helpless, do not

34、give up the abandoned, do not give up this giving up is ignorance, do not give up should not give up is persistent. 4, a thing figured is heaven, think impassability is hell. Since the living, to live better. Sometimes we because of too narrow-minded, too care around the chores and penny wise and po

35、und foolish, not worth the candle. Some things to attract trouble and worry, completely depends on how we look at and deal with it. Dont always take everything back to things, and dont get into a blind alley, dont want to face, dont be narrow-minded. Poke to care, is a kind of open-minded, a free an

36、d easy. 5, I am not afraid of others behind me a knife, I afraid to look back and see stab me, is my intention to treat people; I am not afraid of the truth to tell the best friend, Im afraid he turned to it as a joke to tell dont 6, when we are in a positive frame of mind, you will find many good t

37、hings; and when we are in a negative state of mind, you will find many depressed things; life happy and worry, all is you of life attitude, optimistic, good luck; loss of sink, Eritrea company. When you are in adversity, may wish to change a point of view to think everything over to the good Think,

38、because good mentality decided the fate of the! 7, people are tired, rest; heart tired, calm. Grow up, mature, this society read. Tired and sad, squat down, to their a hug. Because the world no one can sympathize with you, have mercy on you. You cry, tears is your own; you pain, no one can understan

39、d. Then you only tears to smile. 8, each people have youth,Each youth are a story, the life of the world never gets easier, I want what, wish the world all know, as has been the same; now want anything, for fear that others know, or like to lose the same. 9, the heart move, everything in the world i

40、s followed by birth, Rangrang, important thing is often the most difficult to open ones mouth, because words will reduce its importance; to let strangers people care about your life in the good things, the original is not easy 10, do not blame, do not laugh at who, also dont envy who. Like a person

41、is a kind of feeling, not like a person is true. The truth is easy to explain, I feel Is unspeakable. The best travel life is that you in a strange place found a long lost touched. 11, happy life not in the bustling in, and in the peace of mind; no matter how many grievances, how uncomfortable, and

42、ultimately to heal themselves or their own, others may got you to comfort, but never know your heart is how wanjianchuanxin. 12, maam, like a movie, learn to appreciate, learn to be grateful, learn tolerance, and goodness, helping others. Instead of accusing the society, as into one; and an exceptio

43、n is better to give than to what 13, dont envy him A sum of, dont lose your life and the life, respectively is: the former is a we experienced cannot escape in a day finally will last minute, while the latter is our persistent, we want to cherish the memory of those people and things. 14, learn to s

44、mile, learn to strong, the world you know so many people, so many people and you are, you cannot change also cant let everyone like you, so also do not want to do. Life is too short to go crazy to love to go to waste, to chase the dream to regret. 15, when temper, a blessing to go. A wounding elegan

45、t people, the key is to control their own emotions. With the mouth is the most stupid behavior. A control negative emotions than a can take a city more powerful water flow slow, language is expensive. People spent two years of time to learn to speak, but to spend a few years time to shut up. That is

46、 a kind of ability, that is a kind of wisdom. 16, life is not perfect, sometimes, growth is not a cry, not an eyeful of tears, there is no trace of emotion, there is no gleam of hope, no desire, no action, no static, there is only one kind of downward sinking feeling, sink A murky? 6? 7? 6? 7 sink?

47、6? 7? 6? 7 toward the bottom of the sink. 17, in some way, do not go, you will not know the other side scenery is beautiful. To you is not good, you do not mind too much, no one has an obligation to you; you learn knowledge, is you have weapons, you can start from scratch, but not unarmed; how do you treat people, does not represent how others treat you, if cannot see through this point, only inviting worry. 18, time is like a sponge in the water, as long as you are willing to squeeze, the total water is still there. Every life, after the ups and downs The best test of live,