If及wish引导的虚拟语气课件.pptx

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1、Subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive moodunit1 Grammar If I were you , I would study hard. If I had a lot of money now, I

2、 would travel around the world. If I lived on the moon at present, I might see the beautyChange.【Find the rulesFind the rules（自我发现）（自我发现）】If_sth, _ sth.did/weredid/were（过去式）（过去式）would/could/would/could/might/should do might/should do （动词原形）（动词原形）1.Contrary to the present1.Contrary to the present（与现在

3、事实相反）（与现在事实相反）wereIf you had attended the meeting , you would have met her. If _ sth, _ sth.2.Contrary to the past2.Contrary to the past（与过去相反）（与过去相反） would/could/might/should would/could/might/should have done have done （现在完成）（现在完成）【Find the rulesFind the rules（自我发现）（自我发现）】 If I had time next week,

4、 I would help you. If I should have time next week, I would help you. If I were to have time next week, I would help you.If_sth, _sth.would/could/would/could/might/should domight/should do（原形）（原形）3.Contrary to the future3.Contrary to the future（与将来事实相反）（与将来事实相反） did/were did/were were to do were to

5、do shouldshould do do【Find the rulesFind the rules（自我发现）（自我发现）】一、一、If If 引导的虚拟条件状语从句引导的虚拟条件状语从句 含义含义If If 从句从句谓语动词谓语动词主句谓语形式主句谓语形式例句例句与现在事与现在事实相反实相反与过去事与过去事实相反实相反与将来事与将来事实相反实相反didwere might/should would/could+ dohad done would/could/should might have doneIf I were a teacher, I would not leave much h

6、omeworkIf he had studied harder, he would have entered our school.didshould dowere to might/should would/could+ doIf he should not come tomorrow, we would put off the meeting till next week 省略省略if 的虚拟条件句的倒装的虚拟条件句的倒装把把were , had , should 提到主语前面提到主语前面# If you were# If you were the manager the manager

7、here, what would you do?here, what would you do?Were youWere you . .# If he should# If he should act like that act like that again, he would be fired again, he would be fired immediately. immediately. Should he .Should he .二、名词性从句中的虚拟语气二、名词性从句中的虚拟语气1.Wish 在宾语从句中的应用在宾语从句中的应用2.表示建议表示建议、 命令命令、要求要求的虚拟语气

8、的虚拟语气3、虚拟语气在主语从句中的应用虚拟语气在主语从句中的应用4、would rather虚拟语气虚拟语气1.Wish 在宾语从句中的应用在宾语从句中的应用/were+would /could+do()虚拟语气虚拟语气2.表示建议表示建议、 命令命令、要求要求的虚拟语气的虚拟语气 一个一个坚持坚持，两个，两个命令命令， 三个三个建议建议，四个，四个要求要求 1.insist 2. order, command 3. advise, suggest, propose (advice, suggestion, proposal ) 4. demand , require, request, d

9、esire这些词引导的这些词引导的名词性从句名词性从句要使用虚拟语气。要使用虚拟语气。即从句中的动词使用即从句中的动词使用should + 动词原形，动词原形， Should可省略可省略。注意：注意： 如如suggest, insist用于其本意用于其本意“暗暗示、示、 表明表明“、”坚持认为坚持认为“时，宾语从时，宾语从句句 用陈述语气。用陈述语气。1.The guard at gate insisted that everybody _(obey)the rules.2.He insisted that she_(be)seriously ill and that _(send) to h

10、ospitals at once.3.He suggested that we_(have) a meeting at once.4.His pale face suggested that he_(be) ill.obeywasbe senthavewas虚拟语气虚拟语气 在句型在句型 “It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that . ” 中，中，that 后面的从句中的谓语后面的从句中的谓语动词用：动词用： should + 动词原形动词原形 例句例句1) Its necessary that we should have a wa

11、lk now. 我们有必要出去散散步。我们有必要出去散散步。 2) Its natural that she should do so. 她这样做是很自然的。她这样做是很自然的。3) Its important that we should take good care of the patient. 重要的是我们要照顾好病人。重要的是我们要照顾好病人。 3、虚拟语气在、虚拟语气在 在主语从句中在主语从句中虚拟语气虚拟语气4、would rather与现在、将来相反与现在、将来相反从句谓语动词用过去式从句谓语动词用过去式 be 用用were与现在、将来相反与现在、将来相反从句谓语动词用过去完成

12、时从句谓语动词用过去完成时Can use the correct form of the subjunctive mood in “if” clause and in the objective clause afterwishDeal with exercisesthe Subjunctive Mood in “if” clause一一、虚拟语气在“if”条件句中的用法【即学即用】would be the earth _(be) saved.livedImagine:-What would you do if you had one million dollars?-If I had one

13、 million dollars, I would_.If I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car. If I had a lot of money， I would buy a villa.1.If I had a lot of money now, I would travel around the world.2.If it were fine now, I would go shopping.Reading3.If I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car.4.If I had

14、 a lot of money，I would buy a villa.a. If they _ (be) here, they _ (take) your advice.b. If the world-war _ (burst) out again, what _ (happen) to our people on earth?werewould takeburstwould happenPRACTICE 1: Fill in the blanks.c. If the policeman _ (be not) in that room, it _ (be) very dangerous.d.

15、 If I _ (be) in your position, I _ (ask) for teachers help.were notcould bewerewould ask 3.If I _ (have) time last night, I _(see) the Love of the Hawthorn Tree.【即学即用】4.If he _ (drive) more carefully,he(not have) an accident yesterday.If I _ how to swim,I _ trapped in this island.had learnt would no

16、t have been a. If Tom _ (be) more careful in the exam, he _ (pass) it already.b. If you _ (get) up earlier, you _ (catch) the first train.had beenwould have passedhad gotwould have caughtPRACTICE 2: Fill in the blanks.c. If I _ (meet) you yesterday, we _ (go) to the concert together.had metwould hav

17、e gone 5.If it _5.If it _ (be) Christmas Day (be) Christmas Day tomorrowtomorrow, , I _(get) some gifts. I _(get) some gifts.【即学即用】6.If you _(get) a full mark (满分满分)next time, I_ (treat) you to candies.Mark: 100If he got up early, he would be on time.假如他来了假如他来了, 我们对他说什么呢？我们对他说什么呢？If he were to come,

18、 what should we say to him.假如他看见我假如他看见我, 就会认识我。就会认识我。If he should see me, he would know me.a. If there _ (be) no natural resource any more, we _ (make) use of nuclear power .b. What _ (happen) if you _ (get up) too late tomorrow?should beshould makewould happenshould get upPRACTICE 3: Fill in the bl

19、anksc. If Robots _ (control) the world some day, here _ (be) no friendship.were to controlwould be小结：虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法小结：虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法条件条件从句从句If 从句谓语形式从句谓语形式主句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在现在(Present)过去过去(Past)未来未来(Future)would/could/would/could/should/might +V. should/might +V. would/could/shoulwould/could/should/migh

20、t +have d/might +have donedone 过去完成式过去完成式(had done)(had done) 过去式过去式(did/were)(did/were) 过去式过去式/should/were to should/were to +V+Vwould/could/shouwould/could/should/might +V. (ld/might +V. (原原) ) 1. Without water, fish could not live.2. Without /But for your help, I would have failed. If you had not

21、 helped me, I would have failed.二、蕴含条件句、蕴含条件句有时有时if引导的虚拟条件从句，可用介词引导的虚拟条件从句，可用介词without 或或but for 引导的短语引导的短语或或连词连词otherwise来代替来代替If there were no water, fish could not live.3. I had to do something more important, otherwise, I might have helped you. If I had not have to do something more important, I

22、 might have helped you.If I am a fish ,I could swim freely in the sea._practicewereIf it should rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the park. Should it rain tomorrow_,we would have to put off the visit to the park.【 20 2012山东高考】1.If we adequate preparations,the conference wouldnt ha

23、ve been so successful.A havent made B wouldnt makeC didnt makeD hadnt made3.choose2. Had they known what was coming next,they second thoughts. A. may have B. could have C. must have had D. might have had【2012浙江高考】高考】3. Sorry,I am too busy now.If I _ time,I would certainly go for an outing with you.

24、A. have had B. had have C. have D. had【2012湖南高考】高考】4.I was ill that day, otherwise I _ the sports meet. A. would have taken part in B. took part in C. had taken part in D. would take part in 三三、wishIn Subjunctive mood二二. 虚拟语气在虚拟语气在宾语从句宾语从句中的用法中的用法1. 在动词在动词wish后的宾语从句中后的宾语从句中, 表示与表示与现在或过去的事实相反现在或过去的事实

25、相反, 或对将来的或对将来的主观愿望主观愿望, 从句通常省略连词从句通常省略连词that。1) 表示对表示对现在情况的虚拟现在情况的虚拟: 从句动词用从句动词用过去式或过去进行式过去式或过去进行式 (be动词一般动词一般用用were) 。I wish I were as tall as you.I wish every day were my birthday.I wish/wished I hadnt eaten so much watermelon.(2) 表示对表示对过去情况过去情况的虚拟的虚拟:从句动词从句动词常用常用“had过去分词过去分词”。The party was terrib

26、le, I wish I had never gone to it.(3) 表示对将来的主观愿望表示对将来的主观愿望: 从句动词形从句动词形式为式为 “ would动词原形动词原形”。注意注意: 主句的主句的主语主语与从句的主语与从句的主语不能相不能相同同, 因为主句的主语所期望的从句动作因为主句的主语所期望的从句动作能否实现，取决于从句主语的态度或意能否实现，取决于从句主语的态度或意愿愿(非动物名词除外非动物名词除外)。但愿你立刻来。但愿你立刻来。I wish you would come soon./were与过去事实相反与过去事实相反+would /could/ might +do(将来

27、不大可能实现的愿望将来不大可能实现的愿望 )should小结：小结：practicen1.How I wish I （meet）Yao Ming yesterday!n2.How I wish _ to repair the watch! I only made it worse.nA had tried B hadnt tried nC have tried D didnt tryhad met小结：虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法小结：虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法条件条件从句从句If 从句谓语形式从句谓语形式主句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在现在(Present)过去过去(Past)未来未来(Fut

28、ure)would/could/would/could/should/might +V. should/might +V. would/could/shoulwould/could/should/might +have d/might +have donedone 过去完成式过去完成式(had done)(had done) 过去式过去式(did/were)(did/were) 过去式过去式/should/were to +Vshould/were to +Vwould/could/shouwould/could/should/might +V. (ld/might +V. (原原) )/we

29、re与过去事实相与过去事实相+would /could/ might +do(将来不大可能实现的愿望将来不大可能实现的愿望 )should真实条件句真实条件句 真实条件句用于陈述语气真实条件句用于陈述语气, 假设的情假设的情况可能发生况可能发生, 其中其中 if 是如果的意思。是如果的意思。时态关系时态关系句型句型: 条件从句条件从句 主句主句 一般现在时一般现在时 shall/will + 动词原形动词原形If he comes, he will bring his violin.The volleyball match will be put off if it _. A. will ra

30、in B. rains C. rained D. is rained答案答案B 真实条件句主句为将来时真实条件句主句为将来时, 从句用一般现在时。从句用一般现在时。注意：注意：1) 在真实条件句中在真实条件句中,主句不能用主句不能用be going to表示将来表示将来,该用该用shall, will. (错错) If you leave now, you are never going to regret it. (对对) If you leave now, you will never regret it.2) 表示表示真理真理时时,主句主句谓语动词便不用谓语动词便不用shall (will) +动词原形动词原形,而直接而直接用一用一般现在时的动词形式。般现在时的动词形式。Homework: 1.Could you tell me your wishes? 2.Do exercises on P12I wish