初中英语重点词汇辨析(共2页).docx

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上1accept/receive. accept “接受”，表示其行为是由主观意愿决定的。 I accepted it without question. 我毫无疑问地接受了它。 We have accepted his proposal. 我已接受了他的建议。. receive “接到、收到、受到”表示其行为与主观意愿无关。如： I received a letter from him. 我收到了他的来信。 He received the present, but he did not accept. 他收到了礼物，但没有接受下来。 He received a goo

2、d education.他受到了良好的教育。注 在表示接待、接见时，通常用 receive, 而不用 accept.如：We often receive foreign guests. 我们经常接待外宾。2before long/ long before. before long. “不久”，“不久以后”. long before “很早以前”，“好久以前”如： I hope to see you again before long. 我希望不久以后再见到你。 We finished our work long before. 我们早就把工作做完了3care (about) / take ca

3、re of/ care for.take care of“照料=look after,即指喂饭照看等。如： Nurses take care of patients in hospital. 注：它还可表所负的责任，如： Mr Savage takes care of marketing and publicity. 萨维奇先生负责销售和宣传。.care about表你是否认为某件事是重要的，某件事是否引起了你的兴趣或使你忧虑，常用于疑问句或否定句中，后接从句时，about一般都要省略。如：I dont care whether it rains, Im happy. 我才不在乎下不下雨呢，我

4、快活着呢。.care for 有以下几种意思1）“照料”（特别是多用在正式的或较文的文体中）如： She spent the best years of her life caring for her sick father. 她把一生中最好的岁月都用来照料她那有病的父亲了。2）“关怀”“关心”如：care for the younger generation 关怀年轻的一代3）“喜欢、愿意”（多用在疑问句或否定句中）care for sb. to do sth. 如： Would you care for a cup of tea? 你喜欢喝一杯茶吗？ I dont/shouldnt car

5、e for him to read this letter. 我不愿让他看这封信4cost/ spend/ pay/ take.cost 指某东西“值钱”； “需要花费钱/ 精力”等，它的主语一般为表示东西的名词，不能为表示人的名词，作及物动词和名词。可接双宾语，无被动语态。如： Ill bet that dress cost a thousand dollars.我敢说那件衣服得花1000美元。 The chair cost me thirty yuan.这把椅子花了我30元。 The building of the dam cost many lives. 修建这个水坝使许多人丧生。（使花

6、（某种代价）；使损失） Bad driving may cost you your life.开车技术不行可能使你丢掉性命。 作名词时意为“花费；成本”The cost of the house was too high for me.这房子的价钱太高，我买不起。常用搭配： at all costs 不惜一切代价，The officer told the soldiers that they must defend the town at all costs. 军官对士兵们说要不惜一切代价保卫这座城市。 at the cost of 以为代价。 1). He finished the work

7、 at the cost of his health. 他完成了这项工作，但失去了健康。 2). She saved him from fire, but at the cost of her own life. 她从火中把他救出，但她自己却牺牲了。 cost of living 生活费用。As the cost of living goes up my standard of living goes down. 生活费用越上涨，我的生活水准越降低。.spend 的主语经常是人 ， 用来表示人花钱买东西或花时间做某事，常用的句型有： 如： I spend 5 yuan on the book.

8、我买这书花五元钱。 The boy spent 10 minutes drawing a dog.那个男孩花了10分钟画一只狗。.pay “支付，花费”，主语只能是人 且只用于花费金钱，其结构是: pay + sb + some money + for sth. “为付给某人多少钱” 其中的人、钱、事，可以根据具体情况取舍。如： I paid (him)5 yuan. 我付（给他）5元钱。 I paid him 5 yuan for the book. 我买那本书付给了他五元钱。 I paid him for the book. 我买那本书付给了他钱。 I paid for the book.

9、 我付了那本书的钱。.take 也可表“花费时间和金钱”，（一般只指花费时间）其常用结构为：It +take(各种时态)+time/money+to do sth. 如It took me three hours to finish the work. 5.die for / die from / die of/die away/die down/ die off/ die out1. die for 表“为某一目的、事业等而死”；“渴望、极想”。1).To die for the people is a glorious death.为人民而死，虽死犹荣。2).Im dying for a

10、cup of coffee. 我很想喝杯咖啡。2. die from. 表“死于（创伤、劳累、忧愁等）”。(除疾病或情感以外的原因)。如： 1).He died from a wound. 他死于创伤。 2).She died from overwork. 她过度操劳而死。3. die of 表“死于（疾病、情感、饥饿、年老等）”。 1).The old man died of cancer.那老人患癌症死的。 2).His father died of starvation in Germany.他的父亲饿死在德国。 3). The old woman died of grief soon

11、after her husbands deth. 那位老太太在失去丈夫后不久就因悲伤而死。4. die away “消失；停息”如： 1).The sound of the car died away in the distance.汽车的响声在远处消失了。 2).The wind has died away. 风已经停息。5. die down 指灯火等慢慢地“熄灭”；指骚动等渐渐地“平息下来”如： 1).They waited till the storm died down. 他们一直等到风暴停息。 2).The fire died down. 火慢慢地熄灭了。 3).The fight

12、ing has died down. 战斗渐渐停止。6. die off 指一个个相继“死掉”如： 1).They had to watch their young children died off through lack of food. 他们不得不眼睁睁地看着孩子们因为没有东西吃而一个个地死掉。7. die out. “死光；绝种”如： 1).These animals have already died out. 这类动物已经绝种。6have been to / have been in / have gone to. have been to 表示：“曾经到过某处”但目前人未在那儿

13、。如： Where have you been? 你到哪儿去了？（现在已回来）I have been to Beijing. 我去北京了。（现不在北京） I have never been there before, have I? 我以前从未去过那儿，是吗？. have been in 表示：“去了某地，并曾在那儿（一段时间），或现在仍在那儿。 She has been in Shanghai for a few weeks. . have gone to 表示：“去了”指人已经走了，（至少目前不在说话的地点，在去的途中或已经到目的地）。如： Kate isnt at home, She has gome to school. 凯特不在家，她上学去了。（在路上或已经在学校了）。 She isnt here, she has gone to Nanjing. 她不在这儿，她去南京了。专心-专注-专业