初中英语名词练习题(共7页).docx
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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上透析中考英语语法名词考点 【名词命题趋势与预测】1、 根据近几年全国各地中考试题对名词部分考查的分析可知,今后对名词部分的考查重点为:2、 名词的可数与不可数性。3、 名词单复数在特定情况下的使用。4、 名词的普通格与所有格作定语的选用。5、 物质名词、抽象名词具体化。名词词义的区别与固定搭配。【考点诠释】一、名词的各种分类。单、复数的用法及单数名词变复数名词的方式,包括可数名词的复数的变化规则,少数不规则名词的复数形式及部分单复、数同形的名词。【考例】There is good_ for you. Ive found your lost watch. 广东省A. n
2、ews B. ideas C. messages D. thoughts答案A。解析 四个选项都是以s结尾的名词,其中A为不可数名词,B、C、D为名词的复数形式,句中用了连系动词is,所以只有A项正确。My uncle will come to my house for dinnerI want to buy some _to make a vegetable salad for him济宁Ameat Btomatoes Capple juice答案B。解析下文说制作蔬菜沙拉,故选蔬菜类的tomatoes。The teacher said we needed to choose three f
3、or the school concert. 重庆A. farmers B. doctors C. drivers D. singers 答案 D。 解析可数名词的复数形式是在原形后加“s”。根据school concert可知,需要挑选的是singers。At night the koala bear gets up and eats_广元A1eaf B1eaves C leafs 答案B。解析考查名词leaf的复数形式。 以f或fe结尾的名词在变复数时,一般将f或fe变v后,加es。The PLA man saved three _lives in the accident济南Achild
4、rens Bchildren Cchild Dchilds答案A。解析考查名词所有格的用法。three后接复数children,变名词所有格时直接加“s”,故选A。Come on,childrenHelp yourselves to some_ if you like南通Afish and chickenBfishes and chickenCfish and chickensDfishes and chickens答案A。解析fish(鱼肉)和chicken(鸡肉)都是不可数名词。All the _teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8th,becaus
5、e it was their own holiday 重庆Aman Bmen Cwoman Dwomen答案D。解析由时间on March 8th可知是妇女节,因此是女教师。“女教师”单数形式用woman teacher,复数形式两个词都要变为复数。故选D。二、不可数名词数量的表达法。用“数词或冠词量词of不可数名词”这样的结构来表示,量词可以是单数也可以是复数,但of后面的名词只能用单数。Mr Smith always has _to tell us青岛Asome good pieces of newsB some pieces of good news Csome good piece o
6、f newes Dsome piece of good newes 答案A。解析考查名词的数的掌握。 news意为“消息”,是不可数名词,所以C、D两项可排除。形容词修饰类似的词组时,一般放在前面。Would you like to have a look at some pants?They may fit you well一Well,Id like to try those blue_.黄冈Apairs Bone Cpant Dpair答案A。解析pants要用a pair of来修饰,由those blue确定其后接pairs的复数形式,故选A。Would you like some d
7、rinks, boys? 河北Yes, , please. A. some oranges B. two boxes of chocolates C. some cakes D. two bottles of orange答案 D 解析orange是不可数名词。可用“数词或冠词量词of不可数名词”这样的结构来表示它的数量。量词(piece, bottle, glass, pair, cup等)是可数名词,可根据情况用单数或复数,但of后面的名词只能用单数。 exciting news! We will have long holiday after the exam. 黄冈A. What an
8、, a B. What, a C. How an, the D. How, the 答案 B。 解析news为不可数名词,其前面不能用a/an来修饰。不可数名词的确切数量可借助单位词组来表示,如a piece of,a cup of ,two glasses of three bottles of,etc。三、名词所有格及其用法。以-s结尾的单数名词加“”或“s”构成所有格;以-s或-es结尾的复数名词只加“”;不规则复数名词在词尾加“s”;两者或两者以上共同所有,把“s”加在最后的名词上;表示各自拥有某件东西时,每个名词都要用所有格形式。_fathers are both scientist
9、s 咸宁 AJims and Bob BJims and Bobs CJim and Bobs DJim and Bob答案B。解析当两个人分别拥有时,要在每个人后都加名词所有格的标志“s”来表达。吉姆的父亲和鲍勃的父亲不是一个人,所以在其后都加“s”,故选B。_room is big and brightThey like it very much 河北ATom and Sam BToms find Sam CTom and Sams DToms and Sams答案C。解析本题考查名词所有格的用法。表示两人共同拥有某一事物时,只需要在第二个人的后面加“s”。故选C。Hows Joys sk
10、irt?Her skirt is more beautiful than . 兰州A. her sisters and Kate B. her sister and Kate C. her sister and Kates D. her sisters and Kates答案 D。 解析当某物为几个人所共有时,只在最后一个名词后用所有格形式;如表示两者或两者以上分别所有,应在每个名词后用所有格形式。四、表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体、机构等无生命东西的名词,也可以加“s”来构成所有格。如:todays newspaperten minutes,walk,Chinas industryExcu
11、se me, is the supermarket far from here?No, its about _.(浙江宁波)A. 7 minutes walk B. 7 minute walkC. 7 minutes walk D. 7 minutes walk 答案C。解析考查名词所有格用法。当名词的复数以-s结尾时,则只需要加“”即可,则“7分钟的距离”为“7 minutes walk”。 Come and see me in With pleasureThats what Im expecting哈尔滨 Atwo or three daysBtwo or three days timeC
12、two or three days time答案:C解析:in后接一段时间,此处表示“两三天的时间”,要用名词所有格形式,因two or three days是复数,直接加“”,故选C。Im going on holiday on the 12thI have to be back at work on the 26th.So Ive got two_ holiday临沂Aweeks Bweeks Cweeks Dweek答案:C解析:本题考查名词所有格的用法。“两周”是复数,用two weeks,weeks变名词所有格时,只需在后面加“”,故选C。五、名词作主语时的主谓一致。主语为单数形式,
13、谓语动词也用单数形式,主语为复数,则谓语动词也用复数;主语形式上是单数,但表达复数意义,那么谓语动词 要用复数形式;主语形式上是复数形式但表达单数意义,则谓语动词也采用单数形式;谓语动词的人称和数由最靠近它的主语决定。六、语境中名词的选择。根据语境确定名词的词义,再根据句法进一步确定词形。Studying in a foreign country is a different _and you can learn a lot盐城Aevent Bexercise Cexperience Dexhibition答案:C解析:由选项及句意“在外国学习是一次不同的并且你能学到许多东西。”可知用expe
14、rience“经历”最合适。故选C。-Would you like some_?-No, thank you. Im not hungry at all. 陕西省A. tea B. water C. bread D. coffee答案C 。解析后文中有hungry,说明上文询问的是关于食品的问题,所以选bread。Its common _that the Japanese eat Sushi 沈阳 Ainformation Bknowledge Cdirection Dinstruction答案:B解析:由选项及句意“日本人吃寿司是常识”。information意为“信息”;knowledge
15、意为“知识,学识”; direction意为“方向”;instruction意为“说明”,故选B。The thing that _is not whether you fan or not,but whether you try or not苏州 Aminds Bcares Cmatters Dconsiders答案:C解析:句意为“问题不在于你失败与否,而在于你是否尝试了”。mind介意”,care关心”,matter有关系,重要”,consider认为,考虑”,故选C。I dont know how to use this machine一It doesnt matterHere is t
16、he_江西Ainstruction Bdirection Cinformation Dadvertisement答案:A解析:句意:“我不知道怎样使用这台机器。”“没关系。这儿有说明。”故选A。What do you know about_?Line drawings that show how something works沈阳Apictures Bdiagrams Cprogrammes Dpaintings答案:B解析:由答语中的“画的线表明事情是怎么工作的”可知由“线”来表示,故应是图表。七、易混名词的区别。主要是要求区别一些常见的容易混淆的名词的用法。-Look, the tall
17、building looks very modern.-Yes, and there is a garden on its _. A garden in the air! 河南省A. top B. ground C. side D. floor答案A。解析 由A garden in the air可判断为“顶部”。一How can I tell one tree from another? 一You can mostly tell them by the _of their leaves07武汉市Ashape B size Cage D color答案A 。解析本题与生物知识。区别树的不同点时
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