过去式过去分词构成(共16页).docx

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上构成1规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则：(1)一般动词，在词尾直接加“-ed ”。（然而要注意的是，过去分词并不是过去式）work-worked-worked, visit-visited-visited(2)以不发音的“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d ”。live-lived-lived(3)以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 y 变为 i ，再加“-ed”。studystudstudied,crycriedcried,trytriedtried,fryfriedfried.(4)重读结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母

2、（r、y、x除外），先双写该辅音字母，再加“-ed”。stopstoppedstopped,dropdroppeddropped 特例：有两类动词本身应该直接加“ed”，但由于历史习惯，依旧要双写最后一个字母，再加“ed”。以“元音字母+l”非重读结尾的规则动词变过去分词也要双写“l,再加“ed”。例如cancelcancelled，dialdialled。另外还有一些以非重读闭音节结尾的规则动词变过去分词也要双写最后一个辅音字母,再加“ed”。例如：kidnapkidnapped，worshipworshipped。而上述两种情况在美国一般却直接加“ed”。AAA型即原形、过去式和过去分词三

3、者都相同。（共9个）costcostcost cutcutcut hithithit hurthurthurt letletlet putputput readreadread(read的原形和过去式、过去分词读音不同) set-set-set shut-shut-shutABB型过去式、过去分词相同。（共42个）1过去式和过去分词都含有 -ought。（4个）bringbroughtbroughtbuyboughtboughtthinkthoughtthoughtfightfoughtfought2词尾有-ild，-end时，只需把d变为t。（4个）buildbuiltbuiltlendle

4、nt lentsendsentsentspendspent spent3过去式、过去分词都含有 -aught。（2个）catchcaughtcaughtteachtaughttaught4把-eep、-eel变为-ept、-elt。（4个）keepkeptkeptsleepsleptsleptsweep sweptsweptfeelfelt felt5把-ell变为-old。（2个）telltoldtoldsellsoldsold6把-ell、-ill变为-elt或-ilt。（3个）smellsmeltsmeltspellspeltspeltspillspiltspilt7把-eed、-ead

5、、-eet变为-ed或-et。（4个）feedfedfedleadledledspeedspedspedmeetmetmet8过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。（5个）learnlearntlearntmeanmeantmeantspoilspoiltspoiltburnburntburntdreamdreamtdreamt9过去式、过去分词词尾去y变-id（4个）saysaidsaidpaypaidpaidlaylaidlaidhearheardheard10改变元音字母。（12个）meetmetmetfeedfedfedgetgotgotsitsatsatfindfoundfoundhol

6、dheldheldspitspatspatshineshoneshonewinwonwonhanghunghungdig dugdugloselostlost11改变辅音字母。（4个）makemademadebuildbuiltbuiltsendsentsentspendspentspent12改变元、辅音字母。（4个）leaveleftleftstandstoodstoodhave/hashadhadunderstandunderstoodunderstoodABC型原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同。（共39个）1iau变化。（7个）beginbeganbegundrinkdrankdrunk

7、sing sangsungringrangrungswimswamswumsink sanksunkspringsprangsprung2词尾为-ow，-aw时，过去式将其变为-ew，过去分词在其原形后加n。（5个）blowblewblowndrawdrewdrawngrow grewgrownknowknewknownthrowthrewthrown（show除外）3词尾为“i+辅（1个）+e”，过去式将i变为o，过去分词多在原形后加n，若那个辅音字母为d或t，须双写d或t后加n。（4个）（give，hide除外）drivedrovedrivenwritewrotewrittenride r

8、oderiddenriseroserisen4过去分词在过去式后加n。（3个）wakewokewokenspeak-spoke-spokensteal-stole-stolen5过去分词由过去式加-ten构成。（2个）get-got-gotten/gotforgetforgotforgotten6过去分词由原形加（e）n构成。（6个）bewas（were）beeneatateeatenfallfellfallengivegavegivenseesawseenhidehidhidden（hid）7词尾为-ake时，过去式将其变为-ook，过去分词在原形词后加-n。（2个）taketooktake

9、nmistakemistookmistaken8原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同。（6个）dodiddoneflyflewflowngowentgonelielaylainshowshowedshownwearworeworn9词尾为-eak时，过去式将其变为-oke，过去分词在过去式后加-n。（2个）breakbrokebrokenspeakspokespoken10词中间为“oo+辅（1个）+e”或“ee+辅（1个）+e”，过去式将oo、ee变为o，过去分词在过去式后加-n。（2个）choosechosechosenfreezefrozefrozenAAB型过去式和原形相同。（1个）beat

10、beatbeatenABA型过去分词和原形相同。（共3个）1.词中间为“o+辅+e”时，过去式将o变为a。（2个）comecamecomebecomebecamebecome2.uau变化。（1个）run ranrun情态动词型(除must)只有原形和过去式，没有过去分词。（共4个）cancould maymight willwould shallshould must 既没有过去式也没有过去分词常用过去分词begin（开始） began begundrink（喝） drank drunkring（铃响） rang rungsing （唱） sang sungswim（游泳） swam swu

11、mblow（吹） blew blowndraw（画） drew drawnfly（飞） flew flowngrow（生长） grew grownknow（知道） knew knownthrow（投掷） threw thrownshow（出示） showed shownbreak（打破） broke brokenchoose（选择） chose chosenforget（忘记） forgot forgotten (forgot)speak（说，讲） spoke spokenwake（醒） woke wokendrive（驾驶） drove driveneat（吃） ate eatenfall（

12、落下） fell fallengive（给） gave givenrise（升高） rose risentake（取） tookride（骑） rode riddenwrite（写） wrote writtendo（做） did donego（去） went gonelie（平躺） lay lainsee（看见） saw seenwear （穿） wore worn不规则的动词cost（花费）cost costcut（割） cut cuthit（打） hit hithurt（伤害） hurt hurtlet（让） let letput（放） put putread（读） read read其他

13、特殊情况动词原形 过去式 过去分词arise arose arisenawake awoke/awaked awokenbe was/were beenbear bore borne(携带)/born(出生)beat beat beatenbecome became becomebegin began begunbefall befell befallenbend bent bentbet bet betbind bound boundbite bit bitten/bitbleed bled bledblend blended blentbless blessed blestblow ble

14、w blownbreak broke brokenbreed bred bredbring brought broughtbroadcast broadcast/broadcasted broadcast/broadcastedbuild built builtburn burnt/burned burnt/burnedburst burst burstbuy bought boughtcast cast castcatch caught caughtchoose chose chosencleave clove/cleft cloven/cleftcling clung clungcloth

15、e clothed/clad clothed/cladcome came comecost cost costcreep crept creptcrow crowed/crew crowedcut cut cutdare dared/durst dareddeal dealt dealtdig dug dugdo did donedraw drew drawndream dreamt/dreamed dreamt/dreameddrink drank drunkdrive drove drivendwell dwelt dwelteat ate eatenfall fell fallenfee

16、d fed fedfeel felt feltfight fought foughtfind found foundflee fled fledfling flung flungfly flew flownforbid forbade/forbad forbiddenforecast forecast/forecasted forecast/forecastedforget forgot forgottenforgive forgave forgivenfreeze froze frozengainsay gainsaid gainsaidget got gottengild gilded/g

17、ilt gildedgird girded/girt girded/girtgive gave givengo went gonegrave graved graven/gravedgrind ground groundgrow grew grownhang hung/hanged hung/hangedhave had hadhear heard heardheave heaved/hove hesved/hovehide hid hiddenhit hit hithold held heldhurt hurt hurtkeep kept keptkneel knelt kneltknow

18、knew knownlade laded ladenlay laid laidlead led ledlean leant/leaned leant/leanedleap leapt/leaped leapt/leapedlearn learnt/learned learnt/learnedleave left leftlend lent lentlet let letlie(躺) lay lainlie(撒谎) lied liedlight lit/lighted lit/lightedlose lost lostmake made mademean meant meantmeet met

19、metmelt melted meited/moltenmistake mistook mistakenmisunderstand misunderstood misunderstoodoutgrow outgrew outgrownovercome overcame overcomeoversee oversaw overseenpay paid paidprove proved proved/provenput put putquit quitted/quit quitted/quitread read readrend rent rentride rode riddenring rang

20、 rungrise rose risenrive rived riven/rivedrun ran runsaw sawed sawn/sawedsay said saidsee saw seenseek sought soughtsell sold soldsend sent sentset set setsew sewed sewn/sewedshake shook shakenshave shaved shaved/shavenshear sheared sheared/shornshed shed shedshine shone shoneshoe shod shodshoot sho

21、t shotshow showed shown/showedshrink shrank/shrunk shrunk/shrunkenshrive shrove/shrived shriven/shrivedshut shut shutsing sang sungsink sank/sunk sunk/sunkensit sat satslay slew slainsleep slept sleptslide slid slidsling slung slungslink slunk slunkslit slit slitsmell smelt/smelled smelt/smelledsmit

22、e smote smittensow sowed sown/sowedspeak spoke spokenspeed sped/speeded sped/speededspell spelt/spelled spelt/spelledspend spent spentspill spilt/spilled spilt/spilledspin spun/span spunspit spat/spit spat/spitspoil spoilt/spoiled spoilt/spoiledspread spread spreadspring sprang/sprung sprungstand st

23、ood stoodstave staved/stove staved/stovesteal stole stolenstick stuck stucksting stung stungswear swore swornsweep swept sweptswell swelled swollen/swelledswim swam swumswing swung swungtake took takenteach taught taughttear tore torntell told toldthink thought thoughtthrow threw thrownthrust thrust thrusttread trod trodden/trodupset upset upsetwake woke/waked woken/wakedwear wore wornweave wove wovenweep wept weptwin won wonwind wound woundwork worked/wrought worked/wroughtwring wrung wrungwrite wrote written专心-专注-专业