高中英语语法限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句(共3页).doc
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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上高中英语语法通霸3:怎样区分限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句形式上不用逗号和主句隔开用逗号和主句隔开意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语,起“指定是哪一个”的作用,去掉后句意不完整是对先行词的补充说明,删除后句子意思仍完整译法上翻译成先行词的定语,“的”通常翻译成主句的并列句关系词的使用上A. 作宾语时可省略; B.可用that; C. 可用who代替whom;D.可用whyA. 不可省; B. 不用that; C. 不用who代替whom; D. why要换为for which专心-专注-专业考点1. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别A.
2、 限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,与先行词之间一般不加逗号,仅修饰先行词,可以由关系代词、关系副词或that来引导。非限制性定语从句仅作补充或说明,用逗号与主句隔开,既可修饰先行词,又可修饰整个主句,不可用that引导。如: This is the house which we bought last month.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。(限制性) The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮,是我们上个月买的。(非限制性) I lost my money that day, for which I had to walk
3、 home. (非限制性,for which不能换为why,which代指前面 “I lost my money that day.”这句话) He met with a pretty girl in the park, whom he fell in love at first sight. (非限制性,whom不能换为who)B. 当先行词是专有名词或由物主代词和指示代词所修饰时,其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。如: Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理史密斯去年退休了,他曾经是我的老师。 My ho
4、use, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 我的房子,去年买的,带着个漂亮的花园。 This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人,我已经读了三遍。练习翻译下列句子,注意体会限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句在表达意思上的区别。1. He has a brother who is a physicist.He has a brother, who is a physicist.2. He returned all the books whi
5、ch are written in English.He returned all the books, which are written in English.3. The man who lives next door is a doctor.My sister, who lives next door, is a doctor.4. A student who studies hard will make good progress.The student, who lives far from school, is the captain of their football team
6、.考点2. as, which引导的非限制性定语从句A. as引导的非限制性定语从句位置较灵活,可以位于主句前面、中间或后面,一般用逗号与主句隔开;但which所引导的非限制性定语从句不能放在句首。As is known to all, he is the best student in our class. (as指代整个句子,作主语,置于句首)He opposed the idea, as could be expected. (as 指代整个句子,作主语,置于句末)Taiwan , as you know, is a part of China. (as指代整个句子,作宾语,置于句中)H
7、e has to work on Sunday, which he doesnt like.(which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句后面)B. as引导非限制性定语从句,常带有“正如”。当从句为否定时不能用as。She failed the exam again, as was unexpected. She failed the exam again, which was unexpected. C. as, which 可指代整个主句,也可指代主句的一部分。He was very happy, as could be seen from the look on his face. (
8、 as指代前面整个主句)He claimed he could speak three foreign languages, which is not true. (which指代“he could speak three foreign languages”,指代前面一句话的一部分)D. as is often the case是常用说法,意为“像往常那样;正如经常发生的那样”,只能用as,不能用which。1. 【2010四川】After graduating from college,I took some time off to go travelling, _ turned out
9、to be a wise decision. A. thatB. whichC. whenD. where2. Eric received training in computer for one year, _ he found a job in a big company. A. after thatB. after which C. after itD. after this3. You were very impolite to him, for _ you should make an apology to him, I think. A. thisB. whichC. whatD.
10、 that4. His movie won several awards at the film q festival, _ was beyond his wildest dream. A. whichB. thatC. whereD. it5. 【2009全国II】 My friend showed me round the town, _ was very kind of him. A. whichB. thatC. whereD. it6. 【2012北京】When deeply absorbed in work, _ he often was,he would forget all a
11、bout eating or sleeping.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. when 7. 【2012福建】The air quality in the city, _ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.A. thatB. itC. asD. what8. _ might be expected, the response to the question was very mixed. A. AsB. ThatC. ItD. What 9. 【2013陕西】_ is often t
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