量刑规范化问题研究_刘刚 (1).docx
《量刑规范化问题研究_刘刚 (1).docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《量刑规范化问题研究_刘刚 (1).docx(45页珍藏版)》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。
1、 未经本论文作者的书面授权,依法收存和保管本论文 书面版本、电子版本的任何单位和个人,均不得对本论文 的全部或部分内容进行任何形式的复制、修改、发行、出 租、改编等有碍作者著作权的商业性使用(但纯学术性使用 不在此限 ) 。否则,应承担侵权的法律责任。 吉林大学硕士学位论文原创性声明 本人郑重声明:所呈交的硕士学位论文,是本人在指导教师的指 导下,独立进行研究工作所取得的成果。除文中己经注明引用的内容 外,本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的作品成 果。对本文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体,均已在文中以明确方 式标明。本人完全意识到本声明的法律结果由本人承担 学位论文作者签名: 曰
2、期: ZO/Z年 月 P曰 量刑规范化问题研究 The Research on the Sentencing Standardization 作者姓名:刘 刚 专业名称:法律硕士 指导教师:李拥军副教授 学位类别:法律硕士 答辩日期: 2012年 5月 日 中文摘要 量刑规范化问题研究 量刑问题是世界各国刑法学界普遍面临的问题,我国同样面临着司法实践 中量刑偏差问题。近年来,我国加快了法治建设的步伐,人们对法律公正提出 了更高的要求。改变了以往只关注定罪公正而忽视量刑公正的传统观念,对量 刑规范化改革的呼声越来越高。量刑不规范问题集中表现在 “ 同案不同判 ” ,即 法院针对同一性质、犯罪情节
3、类似的刑事案件,做出的裁量相差悬殊。这样的 量刑结果不仅体现不出法律的公正性,而且容易引起人们对法律的怀疑,降低 法院审判的威信度。量刑偏差的原因是多方面的,主要为缺乏有效限制法官自 由裁量权的制度,传统审判理念 “ 重定罪,轻量刑 ” 较深,量刑情节标准不明 确等原因。定罪和量刑是刑事审判的两大环节,对审判的公正和刑事诉讼当事 人都有重大的影响。量刑规范化是一项系统化工程,只有实体量刑规范化和程 序量刑规范化做到统一 、协调,才能做到量刑公正合理,有效地避免量刑失衡 现象。 针对量刑失衡现象,法律理论界和司法实践者都给予高度关注,量刑规范 化问题逐渐引起人们的重视。学术界多次组织关于量刑规范
4、化改革的学术研讨 会,其中还邀请美国等其他国家学者参与讨论相关量刑问题。刑法领域的相关 学者也纷纷发表相关论文,进行了大量的研究工作,阐述有关量刑规范化的理 论问题。值得欣慰的是,最高人民法院将量刑问题作为重点的司法改革内容, 并颁布了相关的量刑指导意见在全国法院试行。那么到底选择什么样的量刑途 径,该如何实现量刑规范化,这是当前量刑 规范化改革的一个难题。本文将根 据量刑中的问题,寻找量刑偏差的现象和原因,以及比较国外在量刑程序中的 做法,结合当前我国的量刑实际问题,综合探讨量刑规范化问题。本文力图以 当前量刑规范化实践确立的量刑制度,分析其中的利与弊。寻找最佳的路径实 现量刑规范化,以求解
5、决当前量刑规范化的某些问题,更好的做到量刑公正, 尽量避免不必要的量刑失衡现象的出现。 本文首先从理论方面阐述量刑的基本知识,如量刑的概念和特征等。通过 介绍量刑的基本理论,寻找量刑规范化的重要意义和理论根据,希望引起人们 对量刑的重视。在刑事审判中,定罪是前提,量刑是目的,二者地位同等重要。 从某中意义来讲,被告更加关注法院判决中的量刑结果。 其次,本文例举了量刑失衡的一些现象,并在此基础上进行了分析,寻找 问题出现的原由。我国量刑失衡现象比较严重,表现的形态各异,如不同地区 间的量刑偏差,不同法官间的量刑偏差等。其中原因较多,比如法官自由裁量 权过大,刑事立法幅度过宽,审判理念问题等。 再
6、次,介绍了英美法系和大陆法系国家的量刑情况及探索过程,与我国现 今的量刑体制进行比较。希望 找到其中的合理之处,借鉴国外量刑规范化改革 的经验,推进我国量刑规范化进程。其中介绍了美国和德国量刑方面的制度, 美国的量刑指南在量刑实体方面详细划分了量刑的依据,德国在量刑程序 方面做出了严格的规定和步骤,这些对我国的量刑改革都有非常重要的启示。 最后,总结我国在量刑探索中出现的问题,并对相关问题进行了分析,阐 述了其中需要改革的方向。在此基础上,对我国将来如何更好地实现量刑规范 化做出总体构想,发表自己的一些观点。最高人民法院颁布的指导意见在 试行阶段,一定程度上解决了部分量刑偏差问题,但其中的一些
7、规定仍然不能 有效地做到科学、正确的量刑。比如量刑情节如何确定、相对独立量刑程序能 否保障控辩双方的诉讼权利、量刑证据的质证问题等。 本文从量刑实体方面和量刑程序方面来探讨量刑中出现的问题,提出了自 己的拙见。希望能为现阶段量刑规范化工作提供一点点参考意见和帮助,解决 个别量刑问题。本文的最终目的是通过自己对量刑问题的研究,总结量刑实践 的问题,使量刑工作能够更加公正、科学和合理,提高量刑的预测性,增强人 们对法律的信赖感,建立良好的法治环境。 关键词 : 量刑,规范化,量刑失衡,实体公正,程序公正 Abstract The Research on the Sentencing Standar
8、dization Sentencing problem is the general problem in criminal law field of the world, China is also facing this problem in judicial practice. In recent years, China has accelerated the pace of building the rule of law, legal justice put forward higher requirements. Peopled attention has shifted fro
9、m conviction fair to sentencing fair, the calls for sentencing reform is growing. Non-standard problems concentrated on the different sentencing of the same legal case.Facing the similar criminal cases, the court make discretionary disparities. The results not only fail to reflect the fairness of th
10、e law, but also easily lead people to suspect law, to reduce the prestige of the degree of the trial court. Deviations of measurement have many bad reasons, the main is the lack of good system which can effectively limit the discretion of the judge, the traditional concept of re-conviction, light se
11、ntencing deeper Sentencing standards. The conviction and sentencing are two segments of the criminal trial, has a significant impact on the fairness of the trial and criminal litigants. Standardization of sentencing is a systematic project, only entity sentencing standardization and procedures for s
12、entencing standardization can achieve a unified, coordinated, in order to make a fair and rational sentencing, to avoid sentencing imbalance. Sentencing in legal theory and practice must develop at the same level. Facing the phenomenon of unfair conviction and sentencing, people in the theory and pr
13、actice field pay great attention. Academia has organized a Symposium on sentencing reform, which also invited the United States and other scholars to participate in discussions related to sentencing issues. The scholars in the field of criminal law have also published relating papers, a lot of resea
14、rch work on theoretical issues relevant to sentencing standardized has done. What is gratifying is that the Supreme Peoples Court will put sentencing content as a focus on judicial reform, and the enactment of the relevant sentencing guidance in the National Court trial. Then choose which kind of se
15、ntencing way in the end, how to achieve standardization of sentencing, is a problem of sentencing reform. This paper will be based on the sentencing issues, looking for sentencing deviation phenomena and causes, and to compare with foreign practice in the sentencing process, combined with the practi
16、cal problems of sentencing, to explore sentencing standardization problem. This paper tries to present sentencing system established by the standardization of practice, to analyze the pros and cons. To find the best path to achieve standardization of sentencing, in order to solve some of the problem
17、s of the current sentencing standardization, better do justice, sentencing and avoid unnecessary sentencing imbalance phenomenon. This article first describes the theoretical aspects of the sentencing basic knowledge, concepts and characteristics, such as sentencing. The basic theory through the int
18、roduction of sentencing, the importance of looking for the standardization of sentencing and the theoretical basis, want to tell people the importance of sentencing. In a criminal trial, the conviction is a prerequisite, and sentencing is the goal, both of equal importance. To same extent, the defen
19、dant is more concerned about the judgment of the court sentencing results. Secondly, the paper cites some phenomenon of the sentencing imbalance, and analyzes to find the reason of the problem. Sentencing imbalance in China is serious, the performance has various shapes, such as the sentencing devia
20、tion between the different regions, between different judges sentencing deviation. Judges of too much discretion, too broad criminal legislation amplitude, the trial of the concept of the problem, they are also the reasons. Thirdly, this paper cites the sentencing situation and the process of explor
21、ation of the common law and civil law countries, to compare with our present sentencing system. I hope to find a reasonable balance to learn the experience of the foreign sentencing reform, and promote Chinese sentencing standardization process. This part introduces the system of sentencing in the U
22、nited States and Germany, the United States Sentencing Guidelines in sentencing entity detailed breakdown of the basis for sentencing in the sentencing process, Germany has made strict regulations and procedures, sentencing reform gives important revelation to China. Finally, the summary of Chinese
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 量刑 规范化 问题 研究
限制150内