我国住宅商品房市场价格的区域差异性研究.docx
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1、 我国住宅商品房市场价格的区域差异性研究 Research on The Regional Differences of Residential Real Estate Market Prices in China 学位申请人: _ 武阳 学 号: _ 213020209006 学 科 专 业 : _ 数量经济学 研 究 方 向 : 空间计量经济学 指 导 教 师 : 张红历副教授 定 稿 时 间 : _ 2016年 4月 西南财经大学 学位论文原创性及知识产权声明 本人郑重声明:所呈交的学位论文,是本人在导师的指导下独立进行研 宄工作所取得的成果。除文中已经注明引用的内容外,本论文不含任何其
2、他 个人或集体己经发表或撰写过的作品成果。对本文的研究做出重要贡献的个 人和集体,均己在文中以明确方式标明,因本学位论文引起的法律结果完全 由本人承担。 本人同意在校攻读学位期间论文工作的知识产权单位属西南财经大学。 本人完全了解西南财经大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定,即学校有权保 留并向国家有关部门或机构送交论文的复印件和电子版,允许论文被查阅和 借阅。本人授权西南财经大学可以将本学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关 数据库进行检索,可以采用影印、缩印、数字化或其他复制手段保存和汇编 本学位论文。 本学位论文属于 1、 保密,在 _ 年解密后适用本授权书。 2、 不保密 特此声明。 学位申请人
3、 : / (年 月吁日 摘要 房地产业作为我国国民经济发展的重要基础性产业和支柱产业,其稳定 发展与否关系着整体的经济运行。判断房地产市场是否稳定发展的一项重要 指标就是房地产价格,对房地产价格的变化进行深入研宂分析,加强对房地 产业稳定发展的保障,对整个国民经济发展意义重大。 自 1998年我国实行房地产市场全面市场化改革以来,随着房地产市场的 不断发展和成熟,房地产价格不断上涨。随之而来的,房地产价格的区域差 异愈加凸显,如 2014年北京、上海等一线城市住宅商品房价格已接近 20000 元 /平方米,深圳市更是突破了 20000元 /平方米,而如洛阳、榆林等三四线 城市住宅商品房价格仍在
4、 4000元 /平方米左右。过高的房价已经开始影响居 民的正常生活,而如果房价的区域差异得不到合理的调控,那么将会严重影 响我国社会稳定。因此,深入研宄我国住宅商品房价格变化及其区域差异对 促进房地产市场和国民经济健康稳定发展具有重要意义。 本文首先从理论角度分析产生房价区域差异的主要原因,认为这种房价 的区域差异特征主要来源于住房之间的特 征的差异。同时结合我国房地产市 场发展现状进行房价区域差异的探索性空间统计分析以及空间相关性检验, 分析结果显示由于房地产具有位置的固定性和不可移动性、使用长期性、保 值增值性等特点,我国房地产价格存在显著的区域差异和空间相关性。其次, 结合我国房地产相关
5、数据,通过建立面板模型对相关影响因素进行甄别,确 定了收入水平、经济发展、土地供给、人口因素和信贷因素五个方面中的人 均可支配收入、失业率、GDP、 住宅房地产销售面积、人口自然增长率和住宅 房地产投资额六个指标为影响房价变化的主要影响因素。再次,为检验解释 变量与被解释变量的溢出效应,构建空间和时间双固定的空间杜宾模型来验 证房价的空间特征,结果显示,房价变动对空间邻近地区具有显著的正向溢出 效应,失业率和人口自然增长率对房价变动没有显著影响。但是空间溢出效 应分解显示,人口自然增长率的直接效应、间接效应和总效应均为正,但直 接效应不显著;失业率的直接效应为正、间接效应和总效应为负,但均不显
6、 著。空间依赖性分析表明房价变动的区域差异显著存在,各城市的房价变动 存在显著空间相关性,其产生区域差异的主要原因来自于变量的 溢出效应。 最后,本文还选取 2014年的横截面数据通过构建空间变系数模型一一地 理加权回归模型 (Geographically Weighted Regression, GWR)对房价影响因 素的空间异质性进行分析。模型的探索回归结果表明,失业率、 GDP和人口自 然增长率三个指标能够更好的说明空间异质性,模型估计结果显示:相比经 典计量模型, GWR模型的拟合效果更好。 我国房价的变化存在显著的区域差异,不同地区的失业率、 GDP和人口自 然增长率对房价变动具有不
7、同的影响。这为各地区政府因地制宜的制定房地 产市场调控政策,把握推动房价上涨的根源,有针对性的进行宏观调控,提 供了一定的依据。 关键词:住宅商品房价格,区域差异,空间杜宾模型, GWR模型 Abstract The real estate industry has been playing an increasingly important role in the national economy and became an important pillar industry of national economy in China. The healthy development of t
8、he real estate industry has an important impact on economic operation in China. And the real estate price is an important indicator of whether the real estate market develops stable. Study on the changes of real estate prices what is of great significance to promote the whole national economic devel
9、opment and to strength the healthy development of real estate industry. The real estate began the comprehensive market-oriented since 1998, and the real estate market continues to develop and mature. The real estate prices are rising rapidly which leads to regional differences, such as Beijing, Shan
10、ghai and other biggest cities has rose to 20,000yuan per square meter, and Shenzhen has broken through 20,000 yuan per square meter, but the other smaller cities such as Luoyang, Yulin and so on are still 4,000yuan per square meter. There are significant differences in regional real estate prices. H
11、igh housing prices have begun to affect peoples normal life , and if regional differences in real estate prices cant be inhibited reasonably, then it will reflect peoples quality of life, and excessive gap would most likely affect the fair and stable of the whole society. Therefore, further study of
12、 the change about the real estate price and its regional difference is to promote the real estate market and guarantee regional imbalances is crucial for the healthy and orderly development of the real estate market in China. Firstly, from the point of theory analysis to study the reasons of regiona
13、l differences based on the hedonic price model, which is considered that the regional differences in housing prices are mainly derived from the differences in the characteristics of housing. Combined with the development status of the real estate market to research regional differences of housing pr
14、ice with the exploration of spatial statistical analysis and spatial correlation test, and analysis results show that because of the real estate is location of fixed and not mobility use for a long time, value and characteristics, the real estate prices exists significant regional difference and spa
15、tial correlaSecondly, this paper used the panel data model to analyze the factors of affecting the real estate prices with the real estate related data, resulting regional differences according to the reality of the real estate market in China. It carefully judges and recognizes the influencing fact
16、ors of the regional difference in real estate markets which are per capita disposable income, unemployment rate, GDP, residential real estate sales area, population natural growth and residential real estate investment. There are six indicators selected from five aspects which are income level, econ
17、omic development, land supply, demographic factors and credit factors. Again, space and time double fixed spatial Durbin model was constructed based on the basic theory of spatial econometric. The estimated results show that changes in house prices have a significant positive spillover effect on the
18、 neighboring cities, unemployment and population natural growth rate of room changes have no significant effect. But spatial spillover effect decomposition shows, the natural population growth rate of the direct effect, indirect effect and total effect are positive, but the direct effect is not sign
19、ificant. The direct effect of unemployment is positive and indirect effect is negative, the total effect is negative, but not significant. Spatial dependence analysis shows that there are significant regional differences in price changes and the differences mainly due to the spillover effects of the
20、 explanatory variables. Finally, this paper selects the cross section data of 2014 to analyze the spatial heterogeneity of housing price by constructing a Geographically Weighted Regression model in order to facilitate the analysis. The explore regression results show that the unemployment rate, GDP
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- 我国 住宅 商品房 市场价格 区域 差异性 研究
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