法律英语常用词汇和句型总结 .docx

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1、精品名师归纳总结常用术语总结一、基本概念及用法债权人： obligee 债务人： obligor一方： one party对方 相对人： the other party。 善意相对人： the other party in good faith债权： creditors rig;hrtight to performance; right债务 /义务： obligation 标的物： subject matter 责任： liability要约： offer;承诺： acceptance;要约邀请： invitation to offer;要约人： offeror受要约人： offeree 收件

2、人： recipient 代理人： agent被代理人 /本人： principle行为人： person performing such act代理权： agency authority应当： shall可以： may不能： may not不正值： improperly有权做 . . . ：may; is entitled to do履行义务： perform obligation, render performance订立合同： enter into a contract; conclude a contract; form a contract带来缺失： cause loss to .

3、. .损害利益： harm somebodys interest赔偿缺失： indemnify the other party for its loss由某人承担费用： expenses shall be borne by sb.承担损害赔偿责任： be liable for damages各自承担相应的责任：bear their respective liabilities accordingly要求承担违约责任： hold . . . liable for breach of contract享有权益、承担义务：assume right and obligation二、各个条文中的术语合同

4、订立实行 . . . 方式： a contract is concluded by the exchange of. . .e.g.by the exchangeof an offerandan acceptance;by the exchangeofelectronic messages. . . 的意思表示： manifestation of intention to do something做出表示： manifest his intention to do接受履行： accept the performance可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结订立合同时： in the

5、course of concluding/ negotiating a contract; at the time of its conclusion符合规定： meet the requirement of . . .承诺的撤回： withdrawal of acceptance书面形式： in writing合同书形式： memorandum of contract具有本法 . . .条规定的情形：fall into any of the circumstances set forth in Article. . .撤回： withdraw;撤销： cancel拒绝追认： decline;

6、拒绝履行： reject受约束： be bound 。 is binding upon somebody说明： indicate价目表： price list拍卖公告： announcement of auction招标公告： call for tender招股说明书： prospectus商业广告： commercial advertisement数据电文： electronic message指定特定系统： designate a specific system快速通讯方式： instantaneous communication device国家指令性任务或国家订货任务：state ma

7、ndatory plan or state purchase order依据需要 /要求： in light of its requirement格式条款： standard terms条款： provision提请留意义务： duty to call attention应. . . 要求,做 . . . ： do something upon the request of . . .与对方协商： negotiate with the other party预先拟定： prepare in advance重复使用： repeated use供应格式条款一方： the party supplyi

8、ng standard terms免除或限制责任： exclude or limit liability加重对方责任： increase the liabilities of the other party排除对方主要权益： deprive the other party of material rights合理的方式： in a reasonable manner对格式条款的懂得： construction of standard term通常懂得： common sense不一样： discrepancy between and 说明： interpret缔约过失责任： pre-contr

9、act liabilities恶意磋商： negotiate in bad faith以. . . 名义： under the pretext of隐瞒与 . . . 有关的重要事实： conceal material facts relating to . . .供应虚假情形： supply false information商业隐秘： trade secret泄露或不正值使用商业隐秘：disclose or improperly use trade secret在订立合同的过程中获悉：become aware of in the course of negotiating a contra

10、ct可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结生效条件： conditions precedent解除条件： conditions subsequent阻挡促成条件成立：impair/facility satisfaction of a condition对合同的效力商定附条件：prescribethat the effectivenessofa contractbe subjectto certain conditions附生效 /解除条件的合同：a contract subject to condition precedent/subsequent条件成立： condition is

11、 satisfied附期限的合同： contract term生效 /失效期限： a time of commencement/expiration限制民事行为才能人：a person with limited capacity for civil act法定代理人： legal agent追认： ratify纯获利益的合同： a contract from which such person accrues benefits only与其年龄、智力、精神健康状况相适应：be appropriateforhis age,intelligence,mental health催告法定代理人在一个月

12、内予以追认：demand legal agent to ratify the contract within one month视为拒绝追认： is deemed to decline ratify the contract撤销的权益： somebody is entitled to cancel. . . 以通知的方式做出： be effected by notification 以. . . 的名义： on one s behalf没有代理权： lack agency authority超越代理权： act beyond his agency authority代理权终止： agency

13、authority is extinguished恳求人民法院或仲裁机构变更或撤销：petition the Peoples court or an arbitration institution for amendment or cancellation重大误会： material mistake显失公正： grossly unconscionable欺诈： fraud胁迫： duress乘人之危： take advantage of the other partys hardship真实意思： true intention受损害方： aggrieved party合同无效、被撤销或者终止：

14、invalidity, cancellation or discharge of a contract不影响 . . . 条款的效力： not impair the validity of the contract provision concerning. . .争议解决方法： the method of dispute resolution返仍财产： make restitution of property过错方： the party at fault折价补偿： allowance be made in money based on the value of the property在合同

15、商定的交付期间：during the prescribed period of delivery交付时的价格： price of delivery迟延交付标的物 /提取标的物 /付款： delay in delivering the subject matter; delay in taking delivery; delay in making payment同时履行： simultaneous performance可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结互负债务： owe performance toward each other没有先后履行次序： there is no ord

16、er of performance履行不符合商定： render non-conforming performance拒绝其相应的履行要求：reject its corresponding requirement for performance部分履行： partial performance债务人部分履行给债权人增加的费用：additionalexpensesincurredby obligeedueto obligor s partial performance代位权： subrogation怠于行使到期债权： delay in exercising its creditorsthraig

17、thwt as due专属于 . . . 人本身： exclusively personal to somebody转让债权： assign a right受让人取得与债权有关的从权益：assignee assumes any incidental right associated with the obligee s right让与人与受让人： assignor, assignee接到 . . . 通知： upon receipt of notice of assignment债务人可以向受让人主见抵销：theobligormayavailitselfofanyset-offagainstt

18、he assignee对某人享有债权：have right to performance by/against somebody合并 /分立： a party has effected combination/division合并 /分立后的法人： legal person resulting from combination/division行使合同权益,履行合同义务：assume the rights and obligations享有连带债权,承担连带债务：jointly and severally assume the rights and obligations合同解除： termi

19、nate合同终止： discharge债务相互抵销： obligations were set off against each other将标的物提存： place the subject matter in escrow 免除债务： release the obligor from performance 毁损、灭失的风险： the risk of damage or loss孳息： fruits of subject matter违约责任： liabilities for breach of contract履行合同义务： perform obligations under a cont

20、ract符合商定的履行合同义务：performobligationsin accordancewith the contract;render conforming performance连续履行： specific performance实行补救措施： cure of non-conforming performance赔偿缺失： payment of damages 预期违约： anticipatory breach 明确表示： expressly state行为说明： indicate by conduct违约金： liquidated damage肯定数额： a certain sum

21、/amount of 依据违约情形： in the light of degree of breach因违约产生的缺失赔偿额的运算方法：a methodforcalculationof damagesforthe loss resulting from a party s breach.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结适当削减： decrease the amount as appropriate公正原就： the principle of fairness诚恳信用原就： the principle of good faith三、“效力”的词汇. . . 的效力： effect

22、iveness/validity of . . .e.g. effectiveness of contract/offer生效： become effective失效： extinguish有效： valid无效： invalid四、时间的词汇到达时间： time of arrival承诺期限： the period for acceptance信件载明的日期或电报交发之日：dateshownon the letteror thedateon whichthe telegram is handed in for dispatch邮戳日期： the posting date stamped on

23、 the envelop超过承诺期间： after expiration of the period for acceptance履行期限： time of performance. . . 期间自 开头运算： the period for. . . commences on the date when. . ./once . .五、常用句型：可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结符合情形的,视为：A is deemed as C, if B.表示假设,用 ”where ”or ”if”假如是个长句子,内容为：在一个大前提A 下,又有几个不同的条件B 、C ,每个条件 下的结果（ D

24、 是 B 的结果, E 是 C 的结果）都不同。可以用：Where/When A, if B,D 。 if C, E. 例如：合同法第 16 条36 条。A 时间被视为 B 时间： the time when. . .is deemed as time of. . .（ the time when the electronic message enters into such specific system is deemed as time of arrival）. . . 时 A 成立：用 once/when/upon, e.g.A contractis formedoncethe acc

25、eptance becomes effective. A contract becomes effective upon its formation.An offer become effective when it reaches the offeree.在 之前,或同时到达： reach before or at the same time as . . .e.g. the notice of withdrawal shall reach offeror before or at the same time as the acceptance.具有本法 . . .条规定的情形,就 . .

26、.： . . .is . . ., if it falls into any of the circumstances set forthin Article. . .hereof.E.g. A standardtermis invalid,if it fallsinto anyof the circumstances set forth in Article 52 hereof.法律、行政法规规定 . . ., 依照其规定： Where. . .is subject to provisions of relevant law or administrative regulation, suc

27、h provisions apply.附生效 / 失效期限的合同,自. . 时生效 / 失效： A contractsubjecttoatimeof commencement/expiration becomes effective/ is extinguished at such time. . . 除外： . . . , except where句子 e.g. 第 72 条除非双方另有商定： . . . , unless otherwise agreed by the parties法律规定或者当事人商定的其他. . . 情形： any other circumstances of . .

28、 . provided by law, or prescribed by the parties法律、行政法规规定或当事人商定. . .： . . .asrequiredby therelevantlawor administrative regulation or as agreed by the parties. . . 的范畴,以 . . .为限： the scope of . . .is limited to the extent of. . . 有以下情形之一的, . . . ：. . . in any of the following circumstances 无论 . . . ： regardless of whether/when/where. . .可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载