牛津深圳版初二下学期英语知识点汇编总结精编版.docx

《牛津深圳版初二下学期英语知识点汇编总结精编版.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《牛津深圳版初二下学期英语知识点汇编总结精编版.docx（28页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、精品名师归纳总结Chapter one一 课文重点词汇和短语pay attention to 留意go wrong 出毛病,出错break down 抛锚for example 例如lose memory 失忆become worse 变得更糟be angry with 对愤怒the Guinness Book of Records 吉尼斯世界记录大全a short-term/long-term memory 长/短时记忆a man with an injured brain 一个脑伤的男人amazing stories 令人赞叹的故事be connected to 与相连be/feel am

2、azed at对感到惊奇make an excuse找借口 /借故make an apology to sb. 赔礼write an article on the topic 写一篇关于这个主题的文章include a feature about sth.增加一个关于 的特写（报道） look up a word in the dictionary 在字典 里查询单词agree v. 同意 agree to VWe agreed to leave at once我. 们同意立刻走。 agree to sth. 赞同。答应She agreed to my idea.她同意我的想法。 agree

3、with sb. 同意某人的看法I agree with Jim. 我同意 Jim 的看法。 agree with sth. 赞同I dont agree with experiments on animals. agree on sth. 对看法一样They all agree on this case.他们对此案件看法一样。I think it s a bad idea. “Icouldnt agree more”.=I completely agree 我认为这是一个坏想法。“我完全同意”。反义词： disagree v. 不同意everydayadj.“日常的。例行的。平凡的”相当于d

4、aily.The article is written in everyday language. 这篇文章写得浅显易懂。every day副词短语 “每一天,每天”He gets up at 6:30 every day.他每天 6：30 起床。留意 death,die 与 dead 和 dyingdeath 是名词,意思是死亡, die 是动词,死。 dead 是形容词“死了的, 死亡的”之意。 dying 是形容词,意思是即将死亡的,垂死的可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结二 语法：由 if 和 unless引导的条件状语从句含有 if的复合句由两个分句组成。 if 为连词

5、,引导条件状语从句,另一句为主句。假如谈论的是某一个动作发生后势必会产生某个结果,那么主从句都用一般现在时态。e.g. If you boil water, it becomes steam. If you drop a glass, it breaks.假如谈论的是 假如某一个动作或事情发生后, 很可能将会产生某种结果, 那么在复句中主句的动词用一般将来时,而if 从句仍旧是一般现在时。If he arrives in Hong Kong, he will call me.如 if条件句放句首,从句后面要加逗号,和主句隔开。unless 与 if 用法相像,相当于 if note.g. Yo

6、u will fail the exam if you don t prepare for it. You will fail theexam unless you prepare for it.同步练习（） You will miss the train _you hurry up.A. unlessB asC. ifD. until Tom will call me if he_Shanghai.A. arrivesB.will reachC arrives inD.get to Chapter 2一课文重点词汇和短语1. look at oneself in the mirror 照镜子

7、2. succeed in doing sth. = do sth successfully胜利做某事3. instead of代替 = in place of4. get into trouble使陷入麻烦中5. be in trouble with与之间有麻烦6.be in trouble 陷入困境7.all around the world 全世界8. bad-tempered 脾气坏的9. a number of很多=many /a lot of /lots of /plenty of10. in total一共11.stay up 熬夜12. the number of 的数量13.

8、 fall asleep 睡着 go to sleep 去睡觉14. come to life有愤怒 ,活跃15. play a trick on戏弄可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结16.stay in bed 卧床17.escape from 逃离18. laugh at嘲笑19. be full of = be filled with布满20. try to do sth尽力做某事21. in the late 1930s20 世纪 30 岁月末22. think of 想到。想起。想出think about 考虑think over 认真摸索23. tell sb to

9、do sth 告知某人做某事24. a man called= a man who is called 叫的人二语法形容词概述1. 形容词 用来修饰名词,说明事物的性质,特点或状态。Mary is a goodgirl.The cartoons also have along history.2. 形容词放在连系动词之后,如： be, look, sound, taste, smell, feel, seem, turn, keep, comeIt looks beautiful.The cake doesnt taste swee.t3. 形容词做宾语补足语 .它们能使动作完整并通常与一些特

10、定的动词如：make, keep, want, find, think, prefer 连用。They thought it would be funny to makethe mouseclever. I drank a lot of coffee to keepmyself awake.4. 形容词与不定式连用的两个句型。(1) It is +形容词 +of / for sb. + to do sth.如形容词是描述不定式行为者的性格、 品质的,如 kind,good,clever,careless, polite,foolish 等,用 of sb.。It s yvekrind you

11、helpme.It clsever you work outht e maths problem.如形容词仅仅是描述事物,不是对不定式行为者的品行进行评判,用 for sb. 这类形容词有 difficult ,easy,hard, important,dangerous,（im ）possible 等。 It s vedryangerous children crosthse busy street.It disfficult us finishthe work.(2) n. + be + 形容词 + to do sth.Comics are wonderful （ read The fil

12、m is excitingsee.5. 形容词修饰不定代词应位于其后：I have一 些重要的事情 to tell you.Is there 好玩的事情 in todays newspaper.6. 以-ed 和-ing 结尾的形容词的比较：以-ed 结尾的形容词强调人的感受 :excited,interested,surprised,frightened 以-ing 结尾的形容词强调某事物本身的特点:exciting,interesting,surprising This is anbook and I amin it. interestWe were all deeplyby thesto

13、ry. move7. 留意可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结1） Good 是形容词,副词是 well。 但是 well 也可以作为形容词,但只能指身体好的。2） 有些词既可以当形容词,又可以做副词：Long, early, late, high, low, enough, much, hard hardly 意思为几乎不,不是 hard 的副词 a. He is ahard student.b.He works very hard.a. She is afast runner.b.She runsvery fast.a. Do you like late dinners.b.N

14、o,I dont like to eat late.3） 很多副词由形容词加词尾ly 构成副词 ,有些名词加 ly 后可构成形容词friend +ly -friendly 友好的love+ ly- lovely 可爱的复习：形容词和副词的比较级和最高级1. 形容词副词比较级和最高级的构成单音节词加 -er 和-esthard-harder-hardest辅音字母 y 结尾 变 y 为 i,再加 -er/ -esteasy- easier- easiest重读音节并且是“辅音字母 +元音字母 +辅音字母” 要双写辅音字母再加 -er/-est hot-hotter-hottestbig-bigg

15、er-biggest多音节词前加 more /mostbeautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful2. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法两者进行比较A=Bas +形容词或副词的 原级+ asI am as tall as you.Lucy sings as well as Lily.ABnot so/as +形容词或副词的 原级+ asHe is not as/so careful as his brother. He doesnt run as/so quickly as me.AB 或 AB形容词或副词的 比较级+ thanYou are two yea

16、rs younger than me. He is a little stronger than his father.Nancy dances better than her classmates.三者或三者以上进行比较使用形容词或副词的 最高级常接 in 或 of 表比较范畴Who is the tallest in Class Three. Shanghai is the largest of all the cities.留意：one of + 最高级+ 名词的复数China is one of the strongest countries in the world. the + 序

17、数词+ 最高级+名词的单数The Yellow River is the second longest river in the world.留意以下几种情形：A. 形容词或副词的比较级前可用 much, a little, a bit ,even, far等程度副词或词组表示不同程度,但是留意, very 不行。Im a little/ much/far richer than you.Football is much more exciting than basketball.B. 比较级+and +比较级表“越来越 ”可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结stronger an

18、d stronger more and more beautifulC.“ the +比较级 , the +比较级”表示“越是 越是”The busier she is, the happier she is.同步练习1. You don t look soas usual.Whdyon t you go to see a doctor.A. wellB. betterC. badlyD. worse2. It is luckyto get such a good chance.A. for himB.with himC.of himD.to him3. The film is wonderf

19、ul.A. seeingB. to seeC. sawD. see4. This isgift I have ever received. I love it very much.A. the bestB. betterC. worseD. the worst 5. The fish smells.A. badlyB. wellC. badD. terribly6.Allen spenttime on the composition, so he mademistakes than Tony.A. fewer, moreB. less, fewerC. much, manyD. more, f

20、ewer 7. They both worked for MGM in the1930s.A. lateB. laterC. latterD. last8. The reason why so many people sit before the television tonight is that there will be ashow.A. livingB. liveC. aliveD. lived 9. This bag is asas that one.A. betterB. goodC. bestD.well 10. I find itto understand.A. easyB.

21、easilyC. to easyD. easylyChapter 3一 课文重点词汇和短语make oneself clear阐述清晰be in danger在危急中environmental problems环境问题keep sb from doing sth阻挡某人做某事stop sb from doing sth阻挡某人做某事prevent sb from doing sth阻挡某人做某事in the form of = in the style of以 的形式cut down trees砍伐树木take in harmful gases = absorb harmful gases吸入

22、有害气体throw away丢掉all the way全程。一路上mountains of = a mountain of =a number of = a lot of 大量可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结in order to为了environmentally friendly环保的damage the environment破坏环境act as / act like 扮演,充当greenhouse effect 温室效应cause sb/ sth to do sth 导致去做as many/ much as 多达reach= arrive in/ at = get to到

23、达lead to 导致take action to do sth 实行行动去 deal with 处理be on fire 着火be harmful to sb =be bad for 对 有害be different from= be not the same as与.不同as a result 结果be grateful to sb= be thankful to sb 对 感谢二语法A Why-questions:Why特别疑问词 why 用来问缘由,“为什么”,回答时用 because,表“由于”。 留意: so 表示所以,在英语中,不能和 because 连用A:Why do you

24、 like Tom and Jerry.B: Because they are very funny.Because he was ill, so he didn t come to school. He didn t come to school because he was ill. = He was ill, so he didn t come to school. B Patterns expressions a comparison 比较句型及表达not as as likethe same as different from1. not as表as示在某一点上两事物（不）相同as

25、as之间必需用形容词或副词的原级 I m not as tall as my brother.Eric studies as hard as his twin sister.常用短语 :as much +n. as和 一样多 ,如那么多, 修饰不行数名词as many + n. as尽可能多 （修饰可数名词）as soon as 尽快,一 就as fast as 尽可能快例句：.You can eat as much chicken as you like.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结.You should remember as many English words as

26、 you can.Finish your homework as soon as possible.After school, he ran home as fast as he could.2 like 介词）用于说明两事物在一个或更多的方面相同. like+ 名词或代词as也表示像的意思, 但 as 后接 从句The boy looks like his father. I ll do as you advise.3 the same as用于说明某事物与另一个一样 .I m not the same height as my brother.We have lived in this s

27、ame house for thirty years. same 前面必需有定冠词 the,后加单数名词4. different 正好相反,前面不用加the,后面 用复数名词We study in the same school, but in different classes. There are different books on the same subject.Note: 但也可以说 a different 加单数名词This is a different girl from the one I saw just now.different from 用于说某事物和另一个不一样 .

28、The dog is different from the other.*很多情形下 ,notas as, notthe same as和 different from 之间可以互换 . I m not as heavy as him.=I m not the same weight as him.=My weight is different from his.同步练习1. This film is not so interestingthat one.A. asB. thanC. forD. to2. -Is Tom at school today.-No, he s at home he

29、 has a bad cold.A. becauseB. ifC. untilD. before3. He hasbooks as I. I havemoney as he.A. as much; as manyB. as many; as muchC. as many; so muchD. more; more4. I m not sure whether Tony can sing Pansy.A. as well asB. as good asC. so good asD. as better as5. Look. The boy in the river isdanger.A. wit

30、hB. onC. inD. above6. Mike prefersto.A. to swim; skatingB. swimming; skatingC. to swim; skateD. swimming; skate7. Most of my classmates don t like playing football, but I am them. I like it very much.A. the same asB. different fromC. likeD. pleased with可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结8. The park isbeautiful

31、 thatmany people come to visit it every year.A. so; suchB. such; soC. such; suchD. so; so9. your help, I can t work out the problem.A. WithB. NoC. WithoutD. Under10. Your school uniform is different ours, but dont throw them .A. away; fromB. from; awayC. as; fromD. to; as11. The heavy rainusto schoo

32、l.A. keeps; goingB. stops; goingC. to keep; to goD. stops; to go12. The teacher asked usin class.A. not talkB. to not talkC. not to talkD. don t talk13. I went to school withoutanything.A. to eatB. eatingC. eatD. to eating14. We should read books.A as much as possibleB. as many as possibleC. as many

33、 as you canD. as much as you can15. I have to dohomework today. I am very busy.A. too muchB. too manyC. much tooD. little 16.She was sick yesterday, but she isto go to school today.A. enough goodB. good enoughC. well enoughD. enough wellChapter 4一重点单词和短语1. acceptv. 接受。承认（反义词 refuse）2. educationaladj

34、. 训练 （n. education）3. exchangen. & v. 交换。沟通4. hostn. 主人（反义词 guest）5. own adj. 自己的 v. 拥有 n. owner6. simple = easyadj. 简洁的（反义词 difficult ）7. culturen. 文化 adj. cultural8. confidentadj. 自信的 n. confidence9. deepadj. 深的 adv. deeply10. improvev. 改善,改进 n. improvement短语1. take a visit / trip to 去某处参观（旅行）2. b

35、e able to do 能够做3. give a talk about/ on sth. to sb.向某人做关于某事的报告4. throughout the world= all over the world 全世界5. live/ stay with 与生活在一起可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结6. go on sightseeing tours 去观光7. make friends with 与交伴侣8. as well as 仍。也。不及9. since then 从那时起。打那以后10. keep/get in touch with 与保持联系11. in case

36、 万一12.in order that 为了13. be confident of .对.感到有信心14. look forward to doing希望做某事15.apply for 申请16.go on a sightseeing tour进行观光旅行17. be deeply moved 被深深的打动18. win a scholarship 赢得奖学金19. improve the situation 改善情形二 语法：目的状语、结果状语、让步状语从句的用法【目的状语从句】我们能用 so that 和 in order that 去谈论目的,他们叫做目的状语从句。在目的状语从句中我们常

37、常用 can, may, will 或者 shall 或者 could, might, would或者should。例如：We got up early so that we could catch the first train.我们早起为了赶上早班车.He studies hard so that he could find a better job in the future.他努力学习为了以后能有一份更好的工作.说明句子1. He puts on his coat so that he won t feel cold.He puts on his coat he won t feel

38、cold.2. Mary often wears high heels in order that she may look taller. Mary often wears high heels look taller. Mary often wears high heels she may look taller.【结果状语从句】我们用去谈论一个行为或者状况的结果。他们叫做结果状语从句。adjective形容词 adverb副词somanyfew+可数名词复数thatmuchlittle 不行数名词aan+形容词 +可数名词单数such形容词+可数名词复数 不行数名词that用 sotha

39、t 或者 suchthat填空：1. It washot in the cinemaI felt very uncomfortable.2. It wasa funny filmI laughed until I cried.3. few people came to see the film the manager put on another film可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结instead.4. Tom hurt his legsbadlyhe was not able to walk for six months.5. There weremany people

40、at the partyour house got too crowded.6. Joy hasa strong love of filmsshe goes to the cinema every week.说明句子1. She is so short that she cant play basketball well.She isshort basketball well. She is notenoughplay basketball well.2. The boy is so young that he can not go to school. The boy isyounggo t

41、o school.【让步状语从句】让步状语从句通常由单词 although 或者 though 连接. 这两个单词可以连接两个相反的或者相对比的描述 .例如: Although the trip was hard work, it was a very valuable experience for me.虽然旅行是苦差事 , 对我来说却是一次难得的体验.Sam did quite will in the exam although he was unprepared.萨姆在这次考试中虽然没有预备,但他考得很好 .Linda still spares time to help people t

42、hough she is always very busy.琳达虽然特别忙但她仍旧花时间去帮别人.同步练习1. Every child looks forward tolots of presents on Christmas Eve.A. getB. getsC. gettingD. got 2. he was ill ,he worked hard.A. ThoughB. SoC. AlthoughD. A and C3John has many foreign friends. Hethem by email.A. keeps in touch withB. take actionC.

43、pays attention toD .looks after4.Keep my phone numberthere is something wrong.A.soB. in caseC.butD.in case of 5.It is rainingheavilywe cannot go out for a walk.A.such;thatB.as;asC.such;asD.so;that 6.Mary isa nice grileveryone likes her very much.A.so;thatB.such; thatC.so;in order thatD.such;though 7

44、. What do you think of Tom.- Clever enoughhe is only a little boy.A.butB.thoughC.becauseD.so8.Tom is working hardhe can get good marks in the final exam.A.so as toB.in order toC.in orderD.so that可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结9. How do you like the film, Tony.-It isfilm that I have seen it several times.A.a so interestingB. a such interestingC.such a interestingD.so interesting a10. There iscigarette smoke in the cinemaI can hardly breathe.A.so much, thatB.so many; that C.such many, thatD.so;that11., I have never met her.A. Since