第二语言习得研究方法的最新发展趋势.ppt
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1、,An Experimental study of Task-based L2 lexical Learning by Chinese EFL learners Zhou Weijing School of Foreign Languages Jiangsu University,An Experimental Study of Task-based L2 Lexical Learning by Chinese EFL Learners,Outline Introduction Literature review Methodology Major findings and discussio
2、ns Contributions & Limitations,Introduction,Motivation of the studyNeed for the studyOrientation of the study,Introduction,1. Motivation Vocabulary plays a central role in L2 learning and teaching, however, L2 teachers are often unsure about how best to incorporate L2 vocabulary into their daily tea
3、ching. pedagogical requirements for efficient L2 teachingPedagogical vexation results from theoretical inadequacy. (Read,2004). Although theres been a boom in L2 vocabulary studies since 1990s, the mechanism of L2 lexical learning remains one of the most intriguing puzzles in SLA (Reed, 2004). theor
4、etical urge for sound understanding of L2 lexical learning Personally, being an L2 teacher and researcher, I have been impelled to do research on L2 lexical learning. personal experience of L2 lexical learning and teaching,Introduction,2. Need for the study Despite increasing interest and efforts in
5、 L2 vocabulary in the past 10 years, basic issues remain unsolved. How do L2 learners acquire L2 lexicon?How do L2 learners acquire new vocabulary via learning tasks?What factors affect L2 lexical learning in or outside classroom?How to tract L2 learners incremental lexical learning?Consequently, ou
6、r knowledge of L2 lexical learning has mainly been built upon fragmental studies and there isnt an overall theory of how L2 vocabulary is acquired (Schimitt, 1998, Read, 2004). Crying need to explore L2 lexical learning, theoretically, pedagogically, and methodologically.,Introduction,3. Orientation
7、 of the study Handicaps hindering the studies up to date :No consistent or inclusive definition of the basic unit of L2 vocabulary, which makes the research domain a tricky and muddy area to explore. No solid evidence for an efficient way to enhance L2 learners lexical knowledge, in addition to cont
8、roversies over incidental and intentional L2 approaches.Task-based L2 lexical learning seems to be an optimal area to investigate L2 lexical learning. Nevertheless, there is far from sufficient understanding of task-based L2 lexical learning according to the literature to date.Lopsided focus of pres
9、ent-day research on L2 lexical vocabulary learning. Inadequate support, either theoretically or empirically, for the Involvement Load Hypothesis (Laufer and Hulstijn, 2001), the newly-born theoretical construct targeting at L2 lexical learning. Besides word-based factors, few studies explored learne
10、r-related factors,Literature review,Key termsTheoretical frameworkPrevious empirical findings,Literature review,Key terms -To get rid of problems of word and word familiar, the present study adopted lexical unit (LU) as the basic unit of L2 vocabulary covering single words and multi-word chunks and
11、idioms.,Literature review,Theoretical frameworkInput Hypothesis (Krashen, 1985,1989)Output Hypothesis (Swain,1985, 1995) Nations (2001) construct of L2 lexical knowledge 3 aspects: form, meaning, usage 2 levels: receptive & productive Involvement Load Hypothesis (Laufer & Hulstijn, 2001 ) -the lates
12、t and sole theoretical construct -targeting at L2 lexical learning.,What is involved in knowing a wordForm Spoken R What does the word sound like? P How is the word pronounced? Written R What does the word look like? P How is the word written and spelled? word parts R What parts are recognizable in
13、this word? P How word parts are needed to express the meaning?Meaning Form & meaning R What meaning does this word form signal? P What word form can be used to express this meaning? Concept & referents R What is included in the concept? P What items can the concept refer to? Associations R What othe
14、r words does the word occur? P What other words could we use instead of this one?Use Grammatical functions R In what patterns does the word occur? P In what patterns must we use this word? Collocations R What words or types of words occur with this one? P What words or types of words must we use wit
15、h this one? Constraints on use R Where, when, and how often would we expect to meet this word? P Where, when, and how often can we use this word?,Its basic contention : - The retention of unfamiliar words is, generally, conditional upon the degree of involvement in processing these words.,Involvemen
16、t Load Hypothesis (Laufer & Hulstijn, 2001 ),Its 3 assumptions :Retention of words, when processed incidentally, is conditional upon the following factors in a task: need, search and evaluation.Other factors being equal, words which are processed with higher involvement load will be retained better
17、than words which are processed with lower involvement load. Other factors being equal, teacher/researcher-designed tasks with higher involvement load will be more effective for vocabulary retention than tasks with a lower involvement load. Task-induced involvement does not have much to do with wheth
18、er it is an input or output task.,Involvement Load Hypothesis (Laufer & Hulstijn, 2001 ),Motivational-cognitive construct of involvement: need, search & evaluation. L2 lexical learning is conditional upon task-induced involvement.The higher involvement, the better acquisition and longer retention of
19、 unknown words.,Involvement Load Hypothesis (Laufer & Hulstijn, 2001 ),Literature review,Empirical findingsMajority: looking for evidence for task-based L2 lexical learning A few: on effects of task type. Few: on effects of task frequency, word and learner factors indicating: task type, task frequen
20、cy, word and text factors as well as learner factors affect L2 lexical learning Reading-based complex tasks : the most facilitative for L2 lexical learning.Involvement Load Hypothesis: only partially supported. 1) Motivational-cognitive construct : problematic. 2) Involvement Load Hypothesis : needs
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