初中英语语法中考介词和介词词组精讲(共65张PPT)课件.ppt

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1、中考介词和介词词组中考介词和介词词组 介词的基本用法 易混介词的辨析 与介词有关的固定搭配什么是介词？它的作用是什么？什么是介词？它的作用是什么？ 1.Look at me.( ) 2.He goes to school by bike.( ) 3.He is interested in drawing.( )代词代词名词名词 动名词动名词 介词:通常用在_、_、_ 之前，表示某个人、事物/东西、事件与 另一个之间的_。代词代词名词名词动名词动名词关系关系中考需要掌握的中考需要掌握的11个介词：个介词：in、on、at、to、from、by、with、for、about、after、befor

2、e介词的主要分类：介词的主要分类：1. at 10:00 ,in spring, on September 1st _2. at the cinema, in the north of China _ 3. go by bus ,write with a pen _4. by the way, at last, in the end _地点地点,方位介词方位介词方式介词方式介词时间介词时间介词固定搭配固定搭配morningnighteveningnoonafternoonin thein thein theatatat : 时刻时刻, 饭时饭时, 正午正午/午夜午夜 , 年龄年龄, 节日节日

3、at six oclock, at lunchtime, at noon, at the age of 15 at Christmas 但 on Christmas Dayon: 星期几星期几,具体日期具体日期,具体某一天的某个时候具体某一天的某个时候 on Sunday, on 11th November, on Saturday morning on a cold winter dayA: I was born _ Childrens Day. C: I was born _ June,1994.inonB: I was born _the morning of September 1st

4、,1993.on2011山东 莱芜26. _ Wednesday morning，we often do some reading. A. In B. On C. At D. Forin: 一天当中的某个时候一天当中的某个时候,月，季，年月，季，年 in the morning, in June, in Autumn, in 19901.I often get up early _ the morning, but _ Sunday morning, I get up late.2. My father likes telling us something about his work _ s

5、upper.inonat17. Bin Laden was killed _May 2, 2011.A. in B. on C. by D. at1.Spring comes _ summer.2.I go home _ 4:55 p.m. every day.时间的前后时间的前后 before, after在在之后之后在在之前之前beforeafter 时间的期间时间的期间 for, duringfor +一段时间一段时间(做某事做某事)多久多久在在期间期间during +一段时间一段时间时间的起点时间的起点 from, since从从(起起)自自以来以来1.We study at scho

6、ol _ Monday to Friday.2._ eight years ago, I have worked in Longtou .fromSince did Jeremy Lin start playing basketball?How long has Jeremy Lin been playing basketball?Jeremy Lins sports life1988was born1994started playing basketballhas played 18 yearsHe started playing basketball in 1994.He has play

7、ed basketball since 1994.He has played basketball for 18 years.2012plays1.He came here _ 1992, and he has lived here _ 1992. A. in, for B. in , since C. since, since2.I have known Li Lei _ over five years. A. in B. since C. for for + 时段 since + 时段 + ago since + 时间点 since + 一般过去时句子常用于现在完成时常用于现在完成时23.

8、 If you sit in a chair _a long time, your back may begin to hurt.A. at B. in C. on D. for 23. I joined the League _ May, 2009. What about you? Ive been a League member _ three years.A. in; for B. on; in C. on; for D. in; since2. in + 时间段时间段 在在之后（内），之后（内），多用于将来时多用于将来时 after +时间段时间段 在在之后，之后， 多用于过去时多用于

9、过去时 1. Mr Brown has gone to Canada.He will be back _ two weeks. A. for B. after C. in 2. Our manager came back _ an hour. A. in B. after C. at 3. They have been here _ an hour. A. for B. after C. in21. When will the train D51 arrive? _ a few minutes.A. Since B For C. In D. After before 在在之前之前 by 到到时

10、为止时为止,不迟于不迟于1.He wont come back _ five . A.before B. after C.by2.The work must be finished _ Friday. A.at B.by C.after3.We had three meetings _ last Friday. A.in B.before C. by 1.在在岁时岁时 _ the age of 2. 有时有时 _ times3.开始开始,在在起初起初 _ the beginning of 4. 此刻此刻 _ the moment = now 5.从从到到 _6.下课下课/放学放学/下班后下班后

11、 _class/school/work7.在圣诞节在圣诞节 _Christmas Day8.过了一会儿过了一会儿 _ a while atatatatfromtoafteronafter地点地点,方位介词方位介词betweennext toin front ofbehindon the right on the leftin front ofin the front ofin里面，排、行、组里面，排、行、组on左、右边左、右边1.We are _Team One.I sit _the front of the classroom.Li Ping is _my left. A.on, in ,

12、at B.in ,in ,at C.in, in, on2.I have a good seat. I sit _the bus. A.in the front of B.in front of onunderbetweennearbehindoveraboveunderbelowfall off/down from the treeThe boy is _ (在树上在树上)in the treeonon the treethe treeThere is a red apple_ (在树上在树上)树上长出来树上长出来的东西的东西 ,用用 on不属于树本身不属于树本身的东西的东西,用用 in i

13、n 和和on on 在在的上面的上面,与表面接触与表面接触 over 在在的正上方的正上方,不接触表面不接触表面 under 在在下面下面(是是over的反义词的反义词)1.Look!There is a bridge_the river. A.on B. over C.above2.Can you see the egg _ the plate? A.on B.in C.over3.The light_us is very bright. A.over B.under C.on above 在在上方上方 below 在在下方下方,是是above的反义词的反义词1. The temperatu

14、re will fall_zero at night. A.below B.above C.over2.Suddenly there is a loud voice _ the tree. A.below B.above C.on3.There is a clock on the wall. Its _ the blackboard. A.on B.in C.above4.A road is _our city and there is much traffic _it. A. on, over B.above, on C.over, on5.The sun rose _the horizon

15、(地平线地平线). A. on B. above C.over 注意注意: on 接触平面接触平面 over 在平面的正上方在平面的正上方 above 在上方在上方across (从物体从物体表面表面)跨越跨越, 越过越过 through (从物体从物体中间中间)穿透穿透, 穿越穿越over (从物体从物体上面上面）跃过）跃过go through 和和 go acrossgo through the forest指从指从物体空间内物体空间内穿过穿过.The policeman is helping the old man _ the streetgo across从从物体表面物体表面穿过穿过g

16、o through 或或 go across1. Dont across the roads when the lights are red. 改错Dont across Dont crossgo/ walk across=cross31.-Can a plane fly_ the Atlantic Ocean? -Yes, but it needs to go_ the clouds for hours.A. across, through B. through, across C. across, across D. through, throug hPine Street Superma

17、rket House Hotel go (straight) alonggo downPine Street Supermarket House Hotel Turn rightPine Street Supermarket House Hotel Turn left in + 大地方大地方 at + 小地小地 方方 on +门牌，某层楼门牌，某层楼 They arrived _Beijing at 12:00 and waited for a bus _ the station to the hotel. A.at, in B. in, on C. in, at29._ the aftern

18、oon of June 2nd, many foreigners arrived _ Shanghai.A. In; at B. On; to C. In; in D. On; in30. Your sweater looks nice, is it made of wool?Yes, and its made _ Shanghai.A. by B. in C. for D. from in / on / toQingdao lies _ the east of Zibo and _ the east of Shandong.Jinan is _the west of Zibo.toinont

19、o in 在某范围之内在某范围之内 to 在某范围之外在某范围之外 on 与某地相邻、接壤与某地相邻、接壤 1.China lies _the east of Asia and _the north of Australia. A. in, on B. in ,to C. to, in 2.Mongolia is _the north of China. A. in B. on C. to32. Taiwan is part of China. It is _ the southeast of our country. A. to B. on C. in D. at to 表目的地或去的目的表

20、目的地或去的目的 for 动身去某地动身去某地 1.He got on a train _ Shanghai . A.to B. for C. towards 2.Wil you take a train_ Tianjian. A. to B. for C.at 3. Im leaving _ Beijing next week. A. to B. for C. towards方式介词方式介词1.write with a pen, cut with a knife, lock with a key _使用工具用介词使用工具用介词 with2. see with our eyes, do wit

21、h our hands, smell with our noses, eat with our mouths _使用器官用介词使用器官用介词 with3. in English , in French , in your own words, in three languages _4. in a loud voice, in a low voice _5. in this way, in these ways , by this means _使用语言用介词使用语言用介词 in使用声音用介词使用声音用介词 in使用方法用介词使用方法用介词 in 或或 by6.by bike, by bus,

22、 by train, by plane, by ship, by car (on foot) by land 陆路，陆路，by road 陆路陆路 by sea 水路，水路，by air 空运空运 _使用交通工具用使用交通工具用 by但：但：on the bike, on a bus, on a train, on the plane, on the ship, in the car1.My mother often go to work _ bike. A. in B. on C. by2.If you are able to get the ticketstomorrow,please t

23、ell me _ phone. A. through B. by C. on 3.The teacher is writing on the paper _ red ink and the blackboard_a piece of chalk. A.with, with B. in ,with C.with ,in4.Can you say it _ English? A. in B. with C.by5.You can get some information _ the computer. A. in B. on C.bybetween 在两者之间在两者之间among 在在当中（三者或

24、以上）当中（三者或以上）during 在在期间期间 1.Some supermarkets open _ 8:30 and 8:00 p.m._ the Mid-Autumn Day. A.at,duringB.between,duringC.between,in 2.They lived _ the mountains in the past. A. among B. between C. during 3.Dont sit _ the two girls. A. among B. between C. during except 除除之外，不包括之外，不包括 besides 除除之外，还包

25、括之外，还包括 1.Everyone passed the exam _ Tom. A.besides B.except C.for 2._ MrLi,five teachers went to the meeting. A.Besides B.Except C. Beside六、易错点：1. After you _ home, do your homework first. A. get to B. arrive in C. arrive at D. get到达到达: get to/ arrive in + 小地点小地点arrive at+大地点大地点 / reach但但home, here

26、, there 是副词是副词 介词省略介词省略2. My coat is made _ cotton. Wine is made _ rice.offrombe made of 材料可看出材料可看出 be made from. 材料看不出来材料看不出来3. Its generous _ you to donate a lot of money _ Project Hope. A. for, to B. of, to C. of, for D. of, to4. I think _ necessary _ us to listen to the teacher carefully. A. tha

27、t, of B. it, of C. that, for D. it, forIts adj. of sb. to do adj. 是描述是描述人的性格和品质人的性格和品质 Its adj. for sb. to do adj.描述所做描述所做事情的事情的好坏等好坏等性质性质5. -What do you often do _ classes to relax yourself? -Listen to music. A. over B. among C. between D. in6. In the UK, smoking kills about 114,000 people each yea

28、r. 300 people die every day because of smoking and _ them many are young smokers. A. among B. between C. from D. inamong, 三者三者(及三者以上及三者以上)之间之间between, 两者之间两者之间7. Shanghai lies _ the east of China and _ the northeast of Guangdong.8. Shandong lies _ the southeast of Heibei Province. intoonin, 范围之内；范围之

29、内；on,接壤；接壤； to, 范围之外范围之外9. We will have a party _ next week. next, last, this, that, tomorrow, yesterday, one, every, all, the day before yesterday, the day after, tomorrow 前不用介词前不用介词1.He can improve his spoken English by _(read ) a lot.2.I got up late this morning. I came to school without _(have) breakfast.3.The boy is crazy about _(play) computer games.4.They are fond of _(listen) to music.readinghavingplayinglistening介词介词+V-ing