2016.12六级第3套试题【可复制可搜索打印首选】.pdf

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1、Part I 2016年12月大学英语六级考试真题（第3套）Writing (30 minutes) （请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试） Directwns:For this p art, you are allowed 30 minutes to wrzte a short essay on creation. Your essay should include the importance of creation and measures to be taken to encourage creation. You are required to write at l

2、east但words but no more than召现words.Part II Listening C omprehens1on (30 minutes) 特别说明：本次全国大学英语六级考试共考两套听力，本套听力试题同第一套或第二套试题一致，只是选项顺序不同，因此本套试卷不再提供听力部分。Part III Section A Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Directwns : In th zs section, there zs a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one w

3、ord for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the

4、centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage. Small commumt1es, with their distinctive characterwhere life is stable and intensely humanare disappearing. Some have 26 from the face of the earth, others are dying slowly, bu

5、t all have 27 changes as they have come into contact with an 28 machine civilization. The merging of diverse peoples into a common mass has produced tension among members of the minorities and the majority alike. The Old Order Amish, who arrived on American shores in colonial time, have 29 in the mo

6、dern world in distinctive, small communities. They have resisted the homogenization 30 more successfully than others. In planting and harvest time one can see their bearded men working the fields with horses and their women hanging out the laundry in neat rows to dry. Many American people have seen

7、Amish families, with the men wearing broad-brimmed black hats and the women in long dresses, in railway or bus 31 . Although the Amish have lived with 32 America for over two and a half centuries, they have moderated its influence on their personal lives, their families, communities, and their value

8、s. The Amish are often 33 by other Americans to be relics of the past who live a simple, inflexible life dedicated to inconvenient out-dated customs. They are seen as abandoning both modern 34 and the American dream of success and progress. But most people have no quarrel with the Amish for doing th

9、ings the old-fashioned way. Their conscientious objection was tolerated in wartime, for after all, they are good farmers who 35 the virtues of work and thrift. A) accessingF) perceivedK) survivedSection B B) convemencesG) practiceL) terminalsC) destinedH) processM) undergoneD) expandingI) progressN)

10、 universalE) industrializedJ) respective0) vanishedDirections: In th zs sectwn , you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a para

11、graph more than once. Each 2016. 12(第3套）1 paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 Countries Rush for Upper Hand in Antarctica A On a glacier-filled island with fjords (峡湾） and elephant seals, Russia has built Antarcticas firstOrth

12、odox church on a hill overlooking its research base. Less than an hour away by snowmobile,Chinese labourers have updated the Great Wall Station, a vital part of Chinas plan to operate fivebases on Antarctica, complete with an indoor badminton court and sleeping quarters for 150 people.Not to be outd

13、one, Indias futuristic new Bharathi base, built on stilts (桩子） using 134 interlockingshipping containers, resembles a spaceship. Turkey and Iran have announced plans to buildbases, too.BJ More than a century has passed since explorers raced to plant their flags at the bottom of the world, and for de

14、cades to come this continent is supposed to be protected as a scientific preserve, shielded from intrusions like military activities and mining. But an array of countries are rushing to assert greater influence here, with an eye not just towards the day those protective treaties expire, but also for

15、 the strategic and commercial opportunities that already exist. CJ The newer players are stepping into what they view as a treasure house of resources. Some of the ventures focus on the Antarctic resources that are already up for grabs, like abundant sea life. South Korea, which operates state-of-th

16、e-art bases here, is increasing its fishing of krill (磷虾），found in abundance in the Southern Ocean, while Russia recently frustrated efforts to create one of the worlds largest ocean sanctuaries here. DSome scientists are examining the potential for harvesting icebergs from Antarctica, which isestim

17、ated to have the biggest reserves of fresh water on the planet. Nations are also pressing aheadwith space research and satellite projects to expand their global navigation abilities.E Building on a Soviet-era foothold, Russia is expanding its monitoring stations for Glonass, its versionof the Global

18、 Positioning System (GPS). At least three Russian stations are already operating inAntarctica, part of its effort to challenge the dominance of the American GPS, and new stations areplanned for sites like the Russian base, in the shadow of the Orthodox Church of the Holy Trinity.F Elsewhere in Antar

19、ctica, Russian researchers boast of their recent discovery of a freshwater reservethe size of Lake Ontario after drilling through miles of solid ice. You can see that were here tostay, said Vladimir Cheberdak, 57, chief of the Bellingshausen Station, as he sipped tea under aportrait of Fabian Gottli

20、eb von Bellingshausen, a high-ranking officer in the Imperial Russian Navywho explored the Antarctic coast in 1820. G Antarcticas mineral, oil and gas wealth are a longer-term prize. The treaty banning mining here,shielding coveted (令人垂涎的） reserves of iron ore, coal and chromium, comes up for review

21、 in2048. Researchers recently found kimberlite (金伯利岩）deposits hinting at the existence ofdiamonds. And while assessments vary widely, geologists estimate that Antarctica holds at least 36billion barrels of oil and natural gas.HJ Beyond the Antarctic treaties, huge obstacles persist to tapping these

22、resources, like drifting icebergs that could jeopardise offshore platforms. Then there is Antarcticas remoteness, with some mineral deposits found in windswept locations on a continent that is larger than Europe and where winter temperatures hover around minus 55 degrees Celsius. I But advances in t

23、echnology might make Antarctica a lot more accessible three decades from now. Andeven before then, scholars warn, the demand for resources in an energy-hungry world could raisepressure to renegotiate Antarcticas treaties, possibly allowing more commercial endeavours herewell before the prohibitions

24、against them expire. The research stations on King George Island offer2016. 12(第3 套）2 a glimpse into the long game on this ice-blanketed continent as nations assert themselves, eroding the sway long held by countries like the United States, Britain, Australia and New Zealand. JJ Being stationed in A

25、ntarctica involves adapting to life on the planets driest, windiest and coldest continent, yet each nation manages to make itself at home. Bearded Russian priests offer regular services at the Orthodox church for the 16 or so Russian speakers who spend the winter at the base, largely polar scientist

26、s in fields like glaciology and meteorology. Their number climbs to about 40 in the warmer summer months. China has arguably the fastest-growing operations in Antarctica. It opened its fourth station last year and is pressing ahead with plans to build a fifth. It is building its second ice-breaking

27、ship and setting up research drilling operations on an ice dome 13,422 feet above sea level that is one of the planets coldest places. Chinese officials say the expansion in Antarctica prioritises scientific research, but they also acknowledge that concerns about resource security influence their mo

28、ves. K Chinas newly renovated Great Wall Station on King George Island makes the Russian and Chileanbases here seem outdated. We do weather monitoring here and other research, Ning Xu, 53, thechief of the Chinese base, said over tea during a fierce blizzard (暴风雪） in late November. Thelarge base he l

29、eads resembles a snowed-in college campus on holiday break, with the capacity tosleep more than 10 times the 13 people who were staying on through the Antarctic winter. YongYu, a Chinese microbiologist, showed off the spacious building, with empty desks under anillustrated timeline detailing the rap

30、id growth of Chinas Antarctic operations since the 1980s. Wenow feel equipped to grow, he said.L As some countries expand operations in Antarctica, the United States maintains three year-roundstations on the continent with more than 1,000 people during the southern hemispheres summer,including those

31、 at the Amundsen-Scott station, built in 1956 at an elevation of 9, 301 feet on aplateau at the South Pole. But US researchers quietly complain about budget restraints and havingfar fewer icebreakers than Russia, limiting the reach of the United States in Antarctica.M Scholars warn that Antarcticas

32、political drift could blur the distinction between m血ary and civilianactivities long before the continents treaties come up for renegotiation, especially in parts ofAntarctica that are ideal for intercepting (拦截）signals from satellites or retasking satellitesystems, potentially enhancing global elec

33、tronic intelligence operations.NJ Some countries have had a hard time here. Brazil opened a research station in 1984, but it was largely destroyed by a fire that killed two members of the navy in 2012, the same year that a dieselladen Brazilian barge sank near the base. As if that were not enough, a

34、 Brazilian C-130 Hercules military transport plane has remained stranded near the runway of Chiles air base here since it crash-landed in 2014. 0However, Brazils stretch of misfortune has created opportunities for China, with a Chinesecompany winning the $ 100 million contract in 2015 to rebuild the

35、 Brazillian station.P Amid all the changes, Antarctica maintains its allure. South Korea opened its second Antarcticresearch base in 2014, describing it as a way to test robots developed by Korean researchers for usein extreme conditions. With Russias help, Belarus is preparing to build its first An

36、tarctic base.Colombia said this year that it planned to join other South American nations with bases inAntarctica. Q The old days of the Antarctic being dominated by the interests and wishes of white men fromEuropean, Australasian and North American states are over, said Klaus Dodds, a politics scho

37、larat the University of London who specialises in Antarctica. The reality is that Antarctica isgeopolitically contested. 2016. 12(第3套）3 36. According to Chinese officials, their activities in Antarctica lay greater emphasis on scientificresearch.37. Efforts to create one of the worlds largest ocean

38、sanctuaries failed because of Russias obstruction.38. With several monitoring stations operating in Antarctica, Russia is trying hard to counter Americasdominance in the field of worldwide navigational facilities.39. According to geologists estimates, Antarctica has enormous reserves of oil and natu

39、ral gas.40. It is estimated that Antarctica boasts of the richest reserves of fresh water on earth.41. The demand for energy resources may compel renegotiation of Antarcticas treaties before theirexpiration.42. Many countries are racing against each other to increase their business and strategic inf

40、luence onAntarctica.43. Antarcticas harsh natural conditions constitute huge obstacles to the exploitation of its resources.44. With competition from many countries, Antarctica is no longer dominated by the traditional whitenations.45. American scientists complain about lack of sufficient money and

41、equipment for their expansion inAntarctica.Section C D 1rechons: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or Passage one unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the

42、corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage. Any veteran nicotine addict will testify that fancy packaging plays no role in the decision to keep smoking. So, it is argued, stripping cartons of their branding will

43、 trigger no mass movement to quit. But that isnt why the governmentunder pressure from cancer charities, health workers and the Labour partyhas agreed to legislate for standardised packaging. The theory is that smoking should be stripped of any appeal to discourage new generations from starting in t

44、he first place. Plain packaging would be another step in the reclassification of cigarettes from inviting consumer products to narcotics(麻醉剂）Naturally, the tobacco industry is violently opposed. No business likes to admit that it sells addictive poison as a lifestyle choice. That is why government h

45、as historically intervened, banning advertising, imposing health warnings and punitive (惩罚性的） duties. This approach has led over time to a fall in smoking with numbers having roughly halved since the 1970s. Evidence from Australia suggests plain packaging pushes society further along that road. Sinc

46、e tobacco is one of the biggest causes of premature death in the UK, a measure that tames the habit even by a fraction is worth trying. So why has it taken so long? The Department of Health declared its intention to consider the move in November 2010 and consulted through 2012. But the plan was susp

47、ended in July 2013. It did not escape notice that a lobbying firm set up by Lynton Crosby, David Camerons election campaign director, had previously acted for Philip Morris International. (The prime minister denied there was a connection between his new advisers outside interests and the change in l

48、egislative programme.) In November 2013, after an unnecessary round of additional consultation, health minister Jane Ellison said the government was minded to proceed after all. Now we are told Members of Parliament (MPs) will have a free vote before parliament is dissolved in March. Parliament has

49、in fact already authorised the government to tame the tobacco trade. MPs voted overwhelmingly in favour of Labour amendments to the children and families bill last February that 2016. 12(第3套）4 included the power to regulate for plain packaging. With sufficient will in Downing Street this would have

50、been done already. But strength of will is the missing ingredient where Mr. Cameron and public health are concerned. His attitude to state intervention has looked confused ever since his bizarre 2006 lament （叹惜） that chocolate oranges placed seductively at supermarket checkouts fueled obesity. The g