初中英语动词时态总结.doc

《初中英语动词时态总结.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《初中英语动词时态总结.doc（26页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、初中英语动词时态总结初中英语动词时态总结例：WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedfootballinthestreet.、一般现在时2、结构：表状态S+was/were+P1、概念：1）表示经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。表动作S+V过去式+O（注：句中有实义动词不用be）时间状语：always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,never,everyday,3、句式变化：twiceaweek,onSunday,etc.（提问用Howoften）变疑问，有be把be提到主语前；无be在主语前加did，谓动变为原形。例：Ileave

2、homeforschoolat7everymorning.变否定，有be在be后直接加“not”；无be在主语后加didnt，谓动变为2）客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。原形.例：Theearthmovesaroundthesun.地球绕太阳转动。例：ShewasinXianlastmonth.WassheinXianlastmonth?ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.上海位于中国东部。Yes,shewas./No,shewasnt.3）格言或警句。例：Pridegoesbeforeafall.骄者必败。ShewasntinXianlastmonth.注意：宾语从句中，

3、即使主句是过去时，从句谓语是客观真理也要用一般现在Dannygrewarosejustnow,DidDannygrowarosejustnow?时例：Columbusprovedthattheearthisround.哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。Yes,hedid./No,hedidnt.Dannydidntgrowarosejustnow,2、结构：表状态S+am/is/are+P（句中有实义动词不用be）、现在进行时：表动作S+V原+O（若主语是单三人称，谓动加s/es。）1.概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作。3、句式变化：时间状语：now,atthistime,以及有look,list

4、en时。变疑问，有be把be提到主语前；无be在主语前加do/does，谓动变为原形。例：Listen！Thebirdsaresinging.变否定，有be在be后加“not”；无be在主语后加dont/doesnt，谓动变为2、结构：S+am/is/are+doing原形。3、句式变化：例：Theyareintheclassroom.Aretheyintheclassroom?Yes,theyare./变疑问，把am/is/are提到主语前；变否定，在am/is/are后直接加“not”。No,theyarent.例：Iamwritingaletternow.Areyouwritingale

5、tternow?TheyarentintheclassroomYes,Iam./No,Imnot.Heoftenwaterstheflowers.Doesheoftenwatertheflowers?Iamnotwritingaletternow.(注：am和not不能缩写。)Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesnt.HedoesntoftenwatertheflowersTheboysareplayingfootball.Aretheboysplayingfootball?Yes,theyare./No,theyarent.Theboysarentplayingfootball.、一般

6、过去时、过去进行时：1、概念：1）表示在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。1.概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的动作。常用时间状语：yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek,justnow,.时间状语：atthistimeyesterday,atthattime，at8:00yesterday,或有when/whileanhourago,theotherday,in1982.attheageof5,oneday,longlongago,etc.引导的时间状语从句等。例：Wheredidyougojustnow?例：Wewerehav

7、inganEnglishclassat9:30yesterdaymorning.IwasreadingabookwhilemymotherwaswatchingTV.2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。1英语时态总结2、结构：S+was/were+doing例：HeisabouttoleaveforBeijing.他马上要去北京。3、句式变化：注：beabouttodo不能与tomorrow,nextweek等表示明确的将来时间状语连变疑问，把was/were提到主语前；变否定，在was/were后直接加“not”。例：用。Atthattimetheywereworkinginth

8、egarden.Weretheyworkinginthe一般现在时表将来gardenatthattime?Yes,theywere./No,theywerent.1）下列动词come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return的一般现在时可以表示将Atthattimetheywereworkinginthegarden.来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。例如：Whenhecamein,Iwasreadinganewspaper.Whenhecamein,wereyouThetrainleavesatsixtomorrowmorning.火车明天上午六点开。

9、readinganewspaper?Yes,Iwas./No,Iwasnt.Whendoesthebusstar?Itstarsintenminutes.汽车什么时候开？十分钟后。Whenhecamein,Iwasntreadinganewspaper.2）以here,there等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。例如：、一般将来时Herecomesthebus.=Thebusiscoming.车来了。1.概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。Theregoesthebell.=Thebellisringing.铃响了。时间词:tomorrow,tomorrowmorning,atsevenoc

10、locktomorrowevening,next用现在进行时表示将来year,thisyear,attheendofthisterm,fromnow，intenminutes,in2025come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return等终止性动词可用现在进行时表示将例：Theywilldoanexperimenttomorrowafternoon.来。例：Imleavingtomorrow.明天我要走了。Brianisgoingtodrawtwentypicturesattheendofthisterm.Areyoustayingheretillnextweek

11、?你会在这儿呆到下周吗？2、结构：S+will+V原+其他、过去将来时(will可改为begoingto,当主语是第一人称时will可用shall)1.概念：表示站在过去看将要发出的动作或者存在的状态。因时间的参照点过例：WhichparagraphshallIreadfirst？我先读哪一段呢？去的某一时间，常用于宾语从句中,或根据上下文语境确定。Willyou/(Areyougoingto）beathomeatseventhisevening?2.结构：S+would+V原+其他3、句式变化：S+was/weregoingto+V原变疑问，把will提到主语前；变否定，在will后直接加“

12、not”。例：HesaidthathewouldhaveanexamnextFriday.Jennyaskedwhowasgoingtogivethemareport.例;ShewilldrivetoBeijingnextweek.WillshedrivetoBeijingnextweek?IknewthathewouldntmovetoJapanwithhisparentsnextyear.Yes,shewill./No,shewont.ShewontdrivetoBeijingnextweek.begoingto+V原、现在完成时：表示a.主语的意图，即将做某事。例：Whatareyoug

13、oingtodotomorrow?1.表示：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。时间词：ever,b.计划，安排要发生的事。例：Theplayisgoingtobeproducednextmonth。never,already,yet,before,just,recently/lately(最近)，inthepastfewyearsc.有迹象要发生的事。例：Lookatthedarkclouds,thereisgoingtobeastorm.2.或从过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态。时间词：for+时间段，sincebe+不定式：表示将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。例：+过去时

14、间点/从句。（提问用Howlong）WearetodiscussthereportnextSaturday.我们下星期六将讨论这份报告。例：Thecountrysidehaschangedalotinthepastfewyears.HehaslearnedFrenchfortwoyears.beaboutto+V原：意为马上要做某事。2.结构：S+have/has+done3.句式变化：变疑问，把have/has提到主语前；变否定，在have/has后直接加“not”。例：Ivealreadywrittenanarticle.Haveyouwrittenanarticleyet?Yes,Iha

15、ve./No,Ihavent.Ihaventwrittenanarticleyet.LiMinghaslivedinShijiazhuangsince1993.HasLiMinglivedinShijiazhuangsince1993?Yes,hehas./No,hehasnt.LiMinghasntlivedinShijiazhuangsince1993.比较一般过去时与现在完成时1）一般过去时表示过去某具体时间发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时则强调过去发生的动作对现在的造成影响，强调的是结果。2）一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或

16、无时间状语。例：Isawthisfilmyesterday.（强调看的动作发生过了）Ihaveseenthisfilm.（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了）Whydidyougetupsoearly?（强调起床的动作已发生过了）Whohasnthandedinhispaper?（强调有卷子未交，指结果）HejoinedtheLeaguethreeyearsago.（强调加入这一动作）HehasbeenaLeaguememberforthreeyears.（是团员的状态可持续）句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如yesterday,last,week,in1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过

17、去时。Tomwrotealettertohisparentslastnight.非延续性动词延续性动词begin(start)beoncomebackbebackopenbeopendiebedeadfinishbeoverleavebeawaygetoutbeout3losebelostget(arrive,reach)bein/atgotherebetherecomeherebehereclosebeclosedmarrybemarriedgotobedbeinbedreturnbebackfallasleepbeasleepjoin(become)bein/bememberofborro

18、wkeepbuyhave、过去完成时：1.概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此之前发生的动作或行为；或过去某个时间前一个持续发生的动作，即“过去的过去”。句中必须有过去的某一时间做参照点，常用于在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句中；before,after,bythetime,until,when,once,assoonas等引导的时间状语从句中；或根据上下文语境确定。-|-|-|-过去以前过去现在例：Shesaid（that）shehadneverbeentoParis.Bythetimehewastwelve,Edisonhadbegantomakea

19、livingbyhimself.Whenthepolicearrived,thethieveshadrunaway.2.结构：S+had+done3.句式变化：变疑问，把had提到主语前；变否定，在had后直接加“not”。例：Hehadfinishedhishomeworkbeforehewenttoplayoutside.Hadhefinishedhishomeworkbeforehewenttoplayoutside.Yes,hehad./No,hehadnt.Hehadntfinishedhishomeworkbeforehewenttoplayoutside.扩展阅读：初中英语动词时

20、态归纳总结对照表初中英语动词时态归纳总结对照表名称用法动词形式(以do为例)常用时间状语inthemorning/afternoon/morning1.Sheistwelve.2.Igetupat6:30everyday.3.Shelikesswimming.例句一1.现在的状态般2.经常性或习现惯性的动作在3.主语具备的时性格或能力一1.过去某时发生的动作或存I/Wedid.般在的状态Youdid.过2.过去经常或He/She/Itdid.去反复发生的动Theydid.时作Ishalldo.I/We/You/Theydo.everyday/morning/SundayHe/She/Itdoe

21、s.onSunayalwaysusuallyoftensometimesyesterday(morning/afternoon)1.Igotupat6:30lastnight/Sundayin1990twodaysagoalwaysusuallyoftensometimesyesterday.2.Healwayswenttoworkbybuslastyear.一1.将来某时间We/You/They/He/She/要发生的动或tomorrow般Itwilldo.存在的状态(morning/afternoon/将We/You/Theyare2.将来经常或evening)going来反复发生的nex

22、tyear/month/weektodo.时动作He/She/Itisgoingtodo.现Imdoing.Imgoingtodo.1.Iwillgotomyhometownnextweek.2.IllcometoseeyoueverySunday.3.Imgoingtoswimtomorrowafternoon.1.Sheiswateringtheflowers.2.Aretheyworkingnow?3.Theyarelisteningtotheteacher.1.Wewerereadinginclassthistimeyesterday2.Iwasdrawingapicturewhent

23、heteachercamein.1.Ivealreadypostedtheletter.在现在或当前一He/She/Itisdoing.段时间内正在进nowWe/You/Theyare进行或发生的doing行动作时过.I/He/She/Itwasdoingthistimeyesterday去过去某一时刻.attenoclockyesterday进或某一段正在We/You/Theywereatthattime行进行的动作doing时.whenhecameback现1.过去发生或He/She/Ithasdone.alreadyjustbeforenever在已经完成的某We/You/Theyhav

24、eforthreeyears完一动作对现在done成造成的影响或.结果时2.表示过去已经开始并持续到现在的动作或状态过去过去某一时间完前已经发后的成动作或状态时since1990thismorningthesedays2.Wehaveknowneachotherfortenyears.3.Theylivedheresince1997.4.HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?bytheendofI/We/You/He/She/Ithaddone.when+一般过去时before+一般过去时1.Ihadlearned2022wordsbytheendoflastterm.2.When

25、Igotout,thebushadalreadyleft.现现在以前的一在段时间里一直I/We/You/Theyhave完进行的动作,beendoing.sincenineoclock成这个运作可能He/She/Ithasbeenforfivehours进仍在进行,也doing.可能继续进行行下去时1.Ihavebeenskatingforfivehours.2.Shehasbeenskatingsincenineoclock.初中英语时态专项练习1、一般现在时。通常用“usually,often,everyday,sometimes”。一般现在时基本用法介绍一、一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或

26、人物的特征、状态。如：Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。二、一般现在时的构成:肯定句：1).主语+系动词be(is,am,are)+名词（形容词，介词短语）2).其他主语+动词原形+其它第三人称单数+动词-s+其它如：Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。MarylikesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。三、一般现在时的变化否定句：1)主语+be（is,am,are）+not+其

27、它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。2)其他主语+donot(dont)动词原形+其它Idontlikebread第三人称单数+doesnot(doesnt)动词原形+其它Hedoesntoftenplay.一般疑问句：1)Be（Is,Are）+主语+其它?如：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,Imnot.2)Do其他主语+动词原形+其它？Does+第三人称单数+动词原形+其它+？注意：遇I/weyou,myyour,someany.Doesshegotoworkbybike?-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesnt.Doyouoftenpla

28、yfootball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idont.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Whereismybike?Howdoesyourfathergotowork?一般现在时用法专练:一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Heoften_(have)dinnerathome.2.DanielandTommy_(be)inClassOne.3.We_(notwatch)TVonMonday.4.Nick_(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5._they_(like)theWorldCup?二、按照要求改写句子1.DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改为

29、否定句)2.Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)3.Shelikesmilk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)7.Iliketakingphotosinthepark.(对划线部分提问)8.JohncomesfromCanada.(对划线部分提问)三、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1.IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?_2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?_3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass._4.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish._5.ShedontdoherhomeworkonS

30、undays._2、现在进行时。通常用“now/look/listen”.1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2现在进行时的结构：.肯定句：主语+be（is,am,are）+动词现在分词-ingeg:Iam(not)doingmyhomework.You/We/Theyare(not)reading.He/She/Itis(not)eating.否定句：主语+be（is,am,are）+not+动词现在分词-ing一般疑问句：Is(Are)+主语+动词现在分词-ing？特殊疑问：疑问词+be+主语+动词ing?3.动词加ing的变化规则

31、1)一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2)以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting3)如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running,stop-stopping,swimswimming4.现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play_run_swim_make_go_like_write_ski_read_have_sing_dance_put_see_buy_love_live_二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.Theboy_(draw)apicturenow.

32、2.Listen.Somegirls_(sing)intheclassroom.3.Mymother_(cook)somenicefoodnow.4.What_you_(do)now?5.Look.They_(have)anEnglishlesson.10._Helen_(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.三、句型转换：1.Theyaredoinghousework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)2Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)3Implayingthefootballintheplayground.(对划线

33、部分进行提问)3、一般过去时态一般过去时通常用“amomentago,justnow,yesterday,last”等。1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。2Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：am和is在一般过去时中变为was。（wasnot=wasnt）are在一般过去时中变为were。（werenot=werent）带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is,am,are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3.行为动词的一般过去时变化肯定句（Posi

34、tive）否定句(Negative)一般疑问句(Yes/No)特殊疑问句(wh-)动词过去式didnt+动词原形Did+动词原形?Whatdid+动词原形?Iwentshoppinglastnight.Ididntgoshoppinglastnight.Didyougoshoppinglastnight?Whatdidyoudolastnight?4.动词过去式的变化：规则动词的变化：一般动词以不发音的e结尾辅音字母加y结尾重读闭音节单词，末尾只有一个辅音字母+ed+d-y+iedplanted,watered,climbedlikedstudystudied,cry-cried双写最后一个字

35、stopstopped母+edplan-planned不规则动词的变化：原形sweepkeepsleepfeelreadputcutletflydraw过去式sweptkeptsleptfeltreadputcutletflewdrew原形teachthinkbuydrinkgivesingbeginringrunsit过去式taughtthoughtboughtdrankgavesangbeganrangransat原形havedoeatis/amaredrivespeakwriteridehear过去式haddidatewasweredrovespokewroterodeheard原形go

36、findsaytakemeanmeetmakeseecometell过去式wentfoundsaidtookmeantmetmadesawcametoldgrowgrewlearnlearned/learntgetgotknowknew5.特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如：WhatdidJimdoyesterday?疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Whowenttohomeyesterday?过去时练习:写出下列动词的过去式isam_fly_plant_are_drink_play_go_make_does_dance_worry_ask_taste_eat_draw_p

37、ut_throw_kick_pass_do_Be动词的过去时练习:A一、用be动词的适当形式填空1.I_atschooljustnow.2.He_atthecamplastweek.3.We_studentstwoyearsago.4.They_onthefarmamomentago.5.YangLing_elevenyearsoldlastyear.二、句型转换1.Itwasexciting.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_2.Allthestudentswereveryexcited.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_行为动词的过去时练习:B一、用行为动词的适当形式填空1.H

38、e_(live)inWuxitwoyearsago.2.Thecat_(eat)abirdlastnight.3.We_(have)apartylastHalloween.4.Nancy_(pick)uporangesonthefarmlastweek.5.I_(make)amodelshipwithMikeyesterday.二、句型转换1.SuHaitooksomephotosattheSportsday.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_2.WesangsomeEnglishsongs.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_三、中译英1格林先生去年住在中国。2.昨天我们参观了农场

39、。3.他刚才在找他的手机。过去时综合练习A一、用动词的适当形式填空1.It_(be)BensbirthdaylastFriday.2.Weall_(have)agoodtimelastnight.3.He_footballnow,butthey_basketballjustnow.(play)4.Jimsmother_(plant)treesjustnow.5._they_(sweep)theflooronSunday?No,they_.二、中译英1.我们上周五看了一部电影。2.他上个中秋节走亲访友了吗？是的。3.你们上个儿童节做了什么？我们参观了动物园。4、一般将来时概念：表示将要发生的动作

40、或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year),soon,thedayaftertomorrow（后天）等。1.基本结构：主语+be(is,am,are)goingto+动词原形.主语+will+动词原形.2.否定句：主语+be(is,am,are)+not+goingto+动词原形.主语+will+not(wont)+动词原形.例如：Imgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.Imnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.3.一般疑问句：Is(Are)+主语+

41、goingto+动词原形.+?Will+主语+动词原形+?例：Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.Areyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend?Yes,weare.No,wearent.WillhegotoBeijingnextweek?Yes,hewill.No,hewont.4.对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1).问人。Who例如：ImgoingtoNewYorksoon.WhosgoingtoNewYorksoon.2).问干什么。Whatdo.例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatch

42、aracewithmethisafternoon.Whatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon.3).问什么时候。When.例如：Shesgoingtogotobedatnine.Whenisshegoingtobed?5同义句：begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow（明天）.=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.一、练习：填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_haveapicnicwithmyfriends.I_haveapicnicwithmyfriends.2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛?

43、我想去打篮球。What_nextMonday?I_playbasketball.What_youdonextMonday?I_playbasketball.3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。_yourmother_goshoppingthis_?Yes,she_.She_buysomefruit.4.你们打算什么时候见面。Whattime_you_meet?二、改句子。5.Nancyisgoingtogocamping.（改否定）Nancy_goingtogocamping.6.Illgoandjointhem.（改否定）I_go_jointhem.7.Imgoingtoget

44、upat6:30tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）_togetupat6:30tomorrow?8.Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30.（改一般疑问句）_meetatthebusstopat10:30.9.Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.（对划线部分提问）_she_afterschool?10.Myfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.(同上)_goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.三、用所给词的适当形式填空。11.Todayisasunnyday.We_(have)apicnicthisafternoon.12.Mybrother_(go)toShanghainextweek.13.Tomoften_(go)toschoolonfoot.Buttoday