小学英语四种时态归纳总结.doc
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1、小学英语四种时态归纳总结小学英语四种时态归纳总结四种时态归纳总结时态名称一般现在时概念1.经常发生的事情、动作或存在的状态2表示事物或人的特征,状态(如:爱好,住所)3.表示客观事实构成(动词的变化)1.be动词的变化(am,is,are)口诀:我(I)用am你用are,is跟着他她它(he,sheit)所有复数都用are构成:主语+be+其它2.行为动词的变化与主语有关(V原或Vs/es)主语是:she、he、it、一个人名或某人的(如:Jhon、Hismother/等)动词就用单数即加s或es,(以o,ch,sh,结尾的动词加es).主语是:I,you,we,they,两个以上的就用动词原
2、形构成:主语+V原或V单+时间时间标志usually,often,Sometimes,always,everyday,everyyear/month例句现在进行时一般将来时正在发生的动作或事情将要、打算做的事主+be+V-ing+时间主+begoingto+V原+时间now,look,listentomorrow,tomorrowmorning/afternoon/.soon,nextSunday/,thismorning.过去发生的动作或事1.主+was/were+时间yesterday,yesterdaymorning/一般过去时情2主+动词过去式(V+ed)+时间evening/,las
3、tnight/Sunday/.ago,justnow扩展阅读:小学英语4种时态小结小学英语时态小结一:现在进行时:1、概念:用在叙述某人正在做某事的时候。(某动作正在进行)其结构是“be动词+动词ing”,句中可能会有look,listen,now或一个相当具体的时间。2、时间状语:now,atthistime3、基本结构:am/is/are+doing4、否定形式:am/is/are+not+doing5、一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首6、动词加“ing”(现在分词)的变化规则:1)、直接在动词后面加“ing”2)、“元音+辅音+e”结尾的单词把e去掉再加ing。3)、重读闭音节双写最后字母
4、再加ing,单词有:runrunning、swimswimming、putputting、getgetting、shopshopping7、例句WhatisMarydoing?Shesshopping.IsBettyswimmingnow?No,sheisnt.Shesrunning.Itsseventhirtyintheevening.Werehavingdinnerathome.现在进行时:be(am,are,is)+doing肯定句:be+doing否定句:benot+doing疑问句:Be+主语+doing?listenlook,nowits.1.直接加ing2.双写加ing3.去e加
5、ing例题:1.Listen!Who_(speak)Englishinthelibrary?2.She_(like)music.Nowshe_(sing).3.Dont_(run)inthestreet.4._you_(go)toschooleveryday?5.Classisover.Thepupils_(play)games.6.Its6:30.I_(get)up.7.Look,thepupils_(have)anEnglishclass.8.Mymother_(wash)thebowlsinthekitchennow.9.He_(like)artverymuch.He_(draw)aho
6、rsenow.10.Letthechildrengoaway.They_(make)noisehere.二:一般现在时:1、概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。用来叙述经常性发生的事情、习惯和爱好等。2.时间状语:always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month),onceaweek,onSundays,3.基本结构:动词原形(如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要加s或es)4.否定形式:此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加dont,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesnt,同时还原行为动词;am/is/are+not。5
7、.一般疑问句:若有be动词,把be动词放于句首;用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。6、如果叙述的人或事物是第三人称单数行为动词要加上,其变化规则和名词的复数形式变化规则一样。1.)Johnlikesgoinghiking.2.)Maryoftengetsupatsevenoclock.3.)Mr.Licookssuppereveryevening.4.)Howdoeshegotoschool?-Hegoestoschoolonfoot.5.)DoeshegotoschoolonSaturday?-Yes,hedoes.(第三人称单数一般疑问句句前是doe
8、s,句中的动词要用原形。)动词第三人称单数变化规则(与名词的复数形式变化规则一样):1)直接在动词后面加“s”。2)以“s、x、sh、ch”结尾的单词,在动词后面加“es”。wash-washeswatch-watchesfish-fishes3)以“辅音+y”结尾的单词,把y改i再加es。carry-carriesstudy-studiesfly-flies4)go和do的第三人称单数是goes和does叙述的人或事物不是第三人称单数行为动词要用原形。7、例句Iusuallygotoschoolonfoot.WeplayfootballeverySundayafternoon.Whatdot
9、heydoonSundays?-Theyplaychess.一般现在时:肯定句:主语+do,主语第三人称单数+does否定句:主语+dont+do主语第三人称单数+doesnt+do疑问句:Do+主语+do?Does+主语第三人称单数+do?usually,sometimes,often,seldom,never,everyday1.直接加s,es,2.某些y-i加s,es例题:1.Mymother_(work)inaprimaryschoolandI_(study)inthesameschool.2.I_(have)abikeandBen_(have)abike,too.3.Mysister
10、_(be)apupil.She_(study)veryhard.4.Who_(cook)breakfastforyourfamily?5.Myfatherisateacher.He_(teach)Chineseinaprimaryschool.6.He_(be)strong.Hecan_(carry)theheavybox.7.John_(go)toschoolbybikeeveryday.8.Kateoften_(play)tabletenniswithherfriends.9.Mymotheroften_(go)shoppingand_(buy)somevegetbalesinthemar
11、ket.10.-Who_(study)hardestinyourclass?三:一般过去时:1、概念:一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状态连用,2.时间状语:ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek(year,night,month),in1989,justnow,attheageof5,oneday,longlongago,onceuponatime,etc.3.基本结构:was/were+形容词;例:Iwasastudentin1989行为动词(动词原形变过去式)例:Iplayedbaskedballyes
12、terdayafternoon4.否定形式:was/were+not;在行为动词前加didnt,同时还原行为动词。5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;用助动词do的过去式did提问,同时还原行为动词。6.动词过去式的变化:规则动词的变化:一般动词+ed例:plant-planted,climb-climbed以不发音的e结尾+d例:like-liked辅音字母加y结尾变y为i+ed例:study-studied,cry-cried重读闭音节单词,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写最后一个字母+ed例:stop-stopped,plan-planned不规则动词的变化:原形过去式原形过去式swee
13、pswept扫,打扫teachtaught教keepkept保持thinkthought想,思索sleepslept睡眠buybought购买feelfelt感觉drinkdrank喝readread读givegave给putput放;置singsang唱cutcut切,剪,割beginbegan开始letlet让,使ringrang响flyflew飞,飞行runran跑drawdrew绘画,画sitsat坐growgrew生长learnlearned/learnt学习gowent去saysaid说findfound找到,发现taketook带,取makemade做;制造comecame来se
14、esaw领会,看见telltold告诉havehadis/amwas是dodidarewere是eatate吃drivedrove驾驶speakspoke讲riderode骑writewrote写hearheard听到,听见getgot得到meetmet遇见meanmeant意味knowknew知道一般过去时肯定句:动词用过去式否定句:didnt+动原疑问句:Did+动原before,ago,thismorning,yesterday,last.过去时要注意的问题:1.有did,didnt就没有was,were,wasnt,werent2.was,were,wasnt,werent是表示过去的
15、状态或场所不会出现did,didntIwasathomeyesterday.Youwerentatschoolyesterday.Theywerestrongbefore.动词过去式变化:1.直接加2.有e加d3.辅音yi加ed4.双写加ed5.特殊变化例题:1.Myfather_(notstay)athomeyesterday.He_(go)toGuangzhou.2._they_(visit)thezoolastSunday?3.-Who_(teach)youmathslastyear?-MrLiu_(do).4.-When_you_(take)thesephotos?-I_(take)t
16、hemlastweek.5.LastSaturdaymymother_(go)shoppingand_(buy)meadress.6.-When_yourbrother_(get)here?-He_(get)heretwodaysago.7.-_Mike_(play)computergames.-No,he_.He_(go)toseeagilm.8.-When_you_(begin)tolearnEnglish?-I_(begin)tolearnEnglishthreeyearsago.9.Ididntknowyou_here.10.It_hotteryesterdaythanit_today
17、.11.Ben_acoldlastweek.12._manybeautifulflowersinourschoolbefore.13._anymilkinthebottlebefore?14._aheavyrainlastnight.7.例句:Sheoftencametohelpusinthosedays.肯定句:Ivisitedmygrandparentslastweekend.Iusuallyplayedwithmyfriendslastyear.Iwasbusylastweekend.Theyweresadyesterday.否定句:Ididntvisitmygrandparentsla
18、stweekend.Iwasntbusylastweekend.Theywerenotsadyesterday.一般疑问句:Didyouvisityougrandparentslastweekend?Yes,Idid./No,Ididnt.Wereyoubusylastweekend?Yes,Iwas./No,Iwast.Yes,wewere./No,wewerent.特殊疑问句:Whatdidyoudoyesterday?Iplayedfootball.WheredidMikegolastweekend?Hewenttothelibrary.Howdidyougothere?Iwentbyb
19、us.Wherewereyouyesterday?Iwasathome.四:一般将来时:1、概念:叙述将要发生的事情或打算。表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。2.时间状语:tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year),soon,inafewminutes,by,thedayaftertomorrow,etc.3.基本结构:am/is/are/goingto+do;结构是begoingto+动词原形。如果所接的动词原形刚好是go或come,可把togo和tocome去掉。例:Iamgoingtogotoschoolthisafternoon=Iamgo
20、ingtoschoolthisafternoonwill+do.4.否定形式:am/is/are/goingto+not+do;will+not;在行为动词前加willnot,同时还原行为动词。5.一般疑问句:be放于句首;will提到句首。1.)Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?-Iamgoingtovisitmygrandparents.Whatwillyoudotomorrow?-Iwillvisitmygrandparents.2.)Aretheygoingtosweepthefloortonight?-Yes,theyare.willtheysweepthefl
21、oortonight?-Yes,theywill.3.)WhereisSarahgoing(togo)nextweek?-Shesgoing(togo)thepark.WherewillSarahgonextweek?-Shewillgothepark.一般将来时:1.begoingto+do2.will+do肯定句:will/begoingto+do否定句:willnot/benotgoingto+do疑问句:Will+主语+do?Be+主语+goingtodo?tomorrownext.thisafternoonthedayaftertomorrowsoon一般将来时注意的问题:1.beg
22、oingto表示打算,不那么确定,而will是确定的2.will和begoingto不要混合起来用,不会出现willbegoingto,bewillgoingto,willgoingto的3.will没有人称变化,而begoingto有人称变化4.不会出现was/weregoingto的情况例题:1.We_(visit)theGreatWallnextmonth.2.Myfather_(fly)toBeijingtomorrow.3.You_(have)aseven-dayholidaysoon.What_you_(do)?4.NextweekDavid_(visit)thenewzooinP
23、anyu.5._you_(borrow)booksfromthelibrarytomorrow?6.Mypenisbroken.I_(buy)anewonethisSaturday.7.They_(have)apicnicintheparkthisSunday.8.I_(write)aletterthisevening.9.He_(make)akitethisSaturday.10.Mymother_(cook)somedeliciousfoodthisweekend.编辑本段五、现在完成时一、一般现在时1.概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到1.概念
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