2009年12月英语四级考试最新模拟试题及答案(共13页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上之2009年12月大学英语四级模拟试题及答案解析2009年12月英语四级考试最新模拟试题及答案一、选词填空题第1题：Directions:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are requested to select on word for each black from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before makin

2、g your choices. Each choice in the blank is indentified by a letter.Please mark the correcsponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centtre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.The American patent system, provided for in the Constitution,

3、was designed to encourage the creation and use of new technology. An inventor would describe the invention, both in writing and with drawings, and _1_ the description with a model to a government official. If the invention was judged to be _2_ and beneficial, the official would give the inventor a p

4、atent. The patent meant that for 14 years the inventor owned the new invention. Inventors could _3_ their ideas to manufacturers or just use them themselves. The government would not _4_ any other patent for the same idea, and the inventor could _5_ anyone of using the patented idea with- out paying

5、 the owner of the patent for _6_ to use it.A useful patent meant that the inventor could make a lot of money. In exchange for this gover- nmental protection, the government published the patent _7_ , which had to provide enough information so that other people could understand the inventionthus addi

6、ng to the general_8_technological knowledge. And at the end of the 14 years, anyone could use the invention for_9_.The idea behind the patent system was twofold: it would increase the amount of technology, by providing a way for people to make money out of new ideas, and it would make new technology

7、 widely available, by publicizing ideas that might _10_ be kept as trade secrets.A) license I ) specificationsB) however J ) yieldC) accuse K) issueD) submit L) chargeE) convenient M) availabeF) permission N) otherwiseG) enable O) originalH) free 【参考答案】：DOAKCFIMHN二、阅读理解第2题：Gobal warming may or may n

8、ot be the great environmental crisis of the 21 st century, butregardless of whether it is or isntwe wont do much about it. We will agrue over it and may even, as a nation, make some fairly solemn-sounding commitments to avoid it. But the more dramatic and meaningful these commitments seen, the less

9、likely they are to be observed.Al Gore calls global warming an “inconvenient truth”, as if merely recognizing it could put us on a path to a solution. But the real truth is that we dont know enough to relieve global warming, andwithout major technological breakthroughs we cant do much about it.From

10、2003 to 2050, the worlds population is projected grow from 6.4 billion to 9.1 billion,a 42% increase. If energy use per person and technology remaim the same, total energy use and greenhouse gas emissions (mainly CO2 ) will be 42% higher in 2050. But thats too low, because societies that grow richer

11、 use more energy. We need economic growth unless we condemn the worlds poor to their present poverty and freeze everyone elses living standards. With modest growth, energy use and greenhouse emissions more than double by 2050.No government will adopt rigid restrictions on economic growth and persona

12、l freedom (limits on electricity usage, driving and travel) that might cut back global warming. Still, politicians want to show theyre “doing something”. Consider the Kyoto protocol (京都议定书). It allowed countries that joined to punish those that didnt . But it hasnt reduced CO2 emissions (up about 25

13、% since 1990), and many signatories (签字国) didnt adopt tough enough policies to hit their 20082012 targets.The practical conclusion is that if global warming is a potential disaster, the only solution is new technology. Only an aggressive research and development progrom might find ways of breaking o

14、ur dependence on fossil fuels or dealing with it.The trouble with the global warming debate is that it has bacome a moral problem when its really an engineering one. The inconvenient truth is that if we dont solve the engineering problem, were helpless.1. What is said about global warming in the fir

15、st paragraph ?A)It may not prove an environmental crisis at all.B)It is an issue requiring worldwise commitments.C)Serious steps have been taken to avoid or stop it.D)Very little will be done to bring it under control.2.According to the authors understanding, what is AL Gores view on global warming

16、?A)It is a reality both people and Politicians are unaware of .B)It is a phenomenon that causes us many inconveniences.C)It is a problem that can be solved once it is recognized.D)It is an area we actually have little knowledge about.3.Greenhouse emissions will more than double by 2050 because of _.

17、A)enonomic growth B)wasteful use of energyC)the widening gap between the rich and poor D)the rapid advances of science and technology 4.The author believes that, since the signing of Kyoto Protocol, _.A)politicians have started to do something to better the situationB)few nation have adopted real to

18、ugh measures to limit energy useC)reductions in energy consumption have greatly cut back global warmingD)international cooperation has contributed to solving environmental problems5.What is the message the author intends to convey ?A)Global warming is more of a moral issue than a practical one.B)The

19、 ultimate solution to global warming lies in new technology.C)The debate over global warming will lead to technological breakthroughsD)People have to give up certain material comforts to stop global warming. 1小题、【正确答案】：D2小题、【正确答案】：C3小题、【正确答案】：A4小题、【正确答案】：B5小题、【正确答案】：B【参考解析】：1.D 由题干中说提及到的in the first

20、 paragraph 可以将题目答案迅速定位到文章第一段后半部分butregardless of whether it is or isntwe wont do much about it.根据文章第一句话得知，全球变暖有可能成为21世纪的环境危机，但是无论结果如何，我们都无能为力。D中very little wil be done 与原文we wont do much about it意义一致。迅速锁定答案为D。A选项所说全球变暖根本不可能引起环境危机，是对文章第一句话的片面理解，故排除。B选项说全球变暖问题需要全世界范围内的努力，作者在文中是提到了这方面的内容，但是作者的意图重在后半句，也

21、就是说国家承诺越多，执行得越不到位，该句为第一句话服务，因此也不是第一段的主旨，故排除。C选项说已经采取了严格的措施来避免或阻止这一问题的发生，在第一段中根本没涉及，故排除。2.C 由题干中的人名Al Gore 可定位到第二段第一句as it merely recognizing it could put us on a path to a solution to relieve global warming. 题目问的是Al Gore 对全球变暖的看法。好像只要意识到它，就可以找到解决这一问题的方法。C与此表述一致。A项它是一个平民和政客们共识的问题，显然是对第一句中as if 引导的句子的

22、错误理解;B项这是一个导致很多不便的现象，是对inconvenient truth 的表面的表面理解，排除; D是作者的看法，不是Al Gore 的看法。3.A 由题干中的 more than double by 2050 定位到第三段末句With modest growth，energy use and greenhouse emissions more than double by 2050.按照一个较为中等的增长速度来看，能量消耗和温室气体排放到2050年时将是现在的两倍。A项中的economic growth即原文中的growth。B项“能源的浪费”，文章中没有涉及能源浪费问题，排除;

23、C项“贫富之间差距的加大”文章中所涉及的让穷人维持现状，实际上是表明经济的停滞，而非意在表明贫富之间的差距加大，当然也不会有题干的结果;D项科技的突飞猛进，作者在该段第二句中提到if energy use per person and technology remain the same，其实也是在科技的进步会促进经济的发展，因此它不是导致题干结果的直接原因，排除。4.B 根据题干中的signing of the Kyoto Protocol 定位到原文第四段最后三句。允许缔约国惩罚非缔约国，但它却不能减少排放量，很多签字国也未能采取足够强硬的政策。B中few nations have ado

24、pted real tough measures 和本段最后一句中didnt adopt enough policies意义相符。该段第一句说明任何国家都不想限制经济的发展，同时任何政客都想“有所作为”，他们的“作为”主要体现在经济的发展上，而不是在控制全球气温变化这个问题上，排除A;降低能源的消耗是可以在很大程度上减少对这一问题的加剧，但是这个与京都议定书的关系本段没涉及，排除C; D项国际间的合作会有助于这一问题的解决，实际上作者之所以说到京都议定书的签订，意在表明，即便是有这样的合作也没有对此问题的解决做出贡献，相反还加剧了，因为CO2 的排放量较之以前增加约25%，排除。5.B 本题为

25、主旨归纳题，由题干中的convey一词可以定位到文章倒数第二段conclusion一词，此处是作者得出结论之处，也就是撰写本文的意图。作者第一段提出问题：面对全球变暖，我们将无能为力。第二段中作者谈到认识到这一问题并不代表找到解决方案，然后提出论点：andwithout major technological breakthroughswe cant do much about it(没有大的技术突破，我们仍将无能为力)。第三段讲到全球变暖的原因：人口增长和经济发展，并预测未来发展趋势。第四段认为政府行为收效甚微。第五和第六段重申论点：the only solution is new tech

26、nology(解决问题的唯一办法就是新技术)。B项是对全文的高度概括，与作者论点相同。A项是对文章最后一段第一句的曲解，排除;作者提到现在我们争论的焦点往往集中在这一问题的解决上，而没有提到这一争论会促进科技的进步，排除C; D项让我们抛弃某些物质的享受而阻止全球气温上升这一问题的发生，文章没涉及。 第3题：Someday a stranger will read your e-mail without your permission or scan the websites youve visited. Or perhaps someone will casually glance thro

27、ugh your credit car purchases or cell phone Bills to find out your shopping preferences or calling habits.In fact, its likely some of these things have already happened to you.Who would watch you without your permission ? It might be a spouse, a girlfriend, a marketing company, a boss, a cop ora cri

28、minal. Whoever it is, they will see you in a way you never intended to be seenthe 21 st century equivalent of being caught naked.Psychologist tell us boundries are heathly, that its important to reveal yourself to friends, family and lovers in stages, at appropriate times. But few boundaries remain.

29、 The digital bread crumbs (碎屑) you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to reconstruct who you are, where yo are and what you like. In some cases, a simple Google search can reveal what you think. Like it or not, increasingly we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret.The key qu

30、estion is: does that matter ?For many Americans, the answer apparently is “no”.When opinion polls ask Americans about privacy, most say they are concerned about losing it. A survey found an overwhelming pessimism about privacy, with 60 percent of respondents saying they feel their privacy is slippin

31、g away, and that bothers me.But people say one thing and do another. Only a tiny fraction of Americans change any behaviors in an effort to preserve their privacy. Few people turn down a discount at tollbooths(收费站) to avoid using the EZ-Pass system that can track automobile movements. And few turn d

32、own supermarket loyalty cards. Privacy economist A lessandro Acquisti has run a series of tests that reveal people will surrender personal information like Social Security numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful 50-cents-off coupon(优惠卷)。But privacy does matter at least sometimes. Its like healt

33、h; When you have it, you dont notice it. Only when its gone do you wish youd done more to protect it. 1. What does the author mean by saying the 21st century equivalent of being caught naked (Lines 3-4,Para.2) ? A) Peoples personal information is easily accessed without their knowledge.B) In the 21s

34、t century people try every means to look into others secrets.C) People tend to be more frank with each other in the information age.D) Criminals are easily caught on the spot with advanced technology.2. What would psychologists advise on the relationships between friends?A) Friends should open their

35、 hearts to each other.B) Friends should always be faithful to each other.C) There should be a distance even between friends.D) There should be fewer disputes between friends.3. Why does the author say we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret (Line5,para.3) ?A) Modern society has fina

36、lly evolved into an open society.B) People leave traces around when using modern technology.C) There are always people who are curious about others affairs.D) Many search engines profit by revealing peoples identities.4. What do most Americans do with regard to privacy protection?A) They change beha

37、viors that might disclose their identity.B) They use various loyalty cards for business transactions.C) They rely most and more on electronic devices.D) They talk a lot but hardly do anything about it.5.According to the passage, privacy is like health in that _.A) people will make every effort to ke

38、ep it. B) its importance is rarely understoodC) it is something that can easily be lost D) people dont cherish it until they lose it1小题、【正确答案】：A2小题、【正确答案】：C3小题、【正确答案】：B4小题、【正确答案】：D5小题、【正确答案】：D【参考解析】：1.A 由题干中the 21 st century equivalent of being caught naked定位到文章第二段最后一句话。根据第二段第一句话：我们得知有人会在未经允许的情况下窃取我

39、们的个人信息，如第一段所说的电子邮件、网页、信用卡购物清单及电话账单等，我们的个人信息赤裸裸地暴露给陌生人，毫无遮掩。A项中的is easily accessed without their knowledge 与原文中的watch you without your permission 同义。文章中虽然提到我们的个人隐私很容易被别人窃取，但这不是在表明21世纪的我们在想尽一切办法来窥探别人的隐私，因此排除B;C项说人们在信息时代更加坦诚，这是在对我们的隐私容易被窃取的曲解，排除;本文是在讲述信息时代人们的隐私保护问题，这与抓罪犯是不同的，排除D。2.C 由题干中的psychologyists

40、 定位到第三段第一句Psycologists tell us boundaries are healthy，that its important to reveal yourself to friends，family and lovers in stages，at appropriate times.心理学家告诉我们，与他人保持一定的界限是有益的。在适合的时候，不同的程度地向朋友、家人倾诉是很重要的。但是有些界限是需要保留的。C项中的distance与原文中的boundary同义，跟本段第二句话but few boundaries remain意义一致。A和B是都是对朋友间该坦诚相待，敞开心

41、扉的陈述，这与“心理学家要求我们在适合的时候，不同程度的袒露心扉”意义相悖，排除;D项中说明朋友间该减少争执，这与心理学家所说的彼此保持界限不相符合，故排除。3.B由题干可以定位到文章的第三段最后三句。第三段最后三句话告诉我们：我们在这个数字时代留下的点点滴滴都会使陌生人轻而易举地再现我们的身份，我们的位置，以及我们的喜好。在某些情况下，仅是一个简单的谷歌搜索引擎就可以泄露我们的思想。无论喜欢与否，我们正生活在一个连秘密都不能保守的世界。B项中的trace与原文中的digital bread crumbs 所暗示的意思相同。本文讲的是我们隐私的保护问题，对于现代社会是否是开放的，没有涉及，排除

42、A。文章也没有提到有人总是对别人的隐私好奇，也没有谈到搜索工具是如何赚钱的，排除C和D。4.D由题干中的American和privacy定位到第七段第一句But people say one thing and do another.由本句可知人们的言行不一。随后举例说明，美国人为了一点利益而提供个人信息。D项符合题意。由第七段第二段Only a tiny fraction of American change any behaviours in an effort to preserve their privacy 可以排除选项A;优惠卡的使用是在说美国人会因为小利而透露个人隐私，而不是说明

43、他们总是在商业交易中使用该卡，故排除B;文中没有涉及到他们过度依赖电子设备的内容，C项也排除。5.D 由题干中的privacy is like health 定位到末段最后一句Only when its gone do you wish youd done more to protect it.作者把隐私同健康作比较，当拥有时，不曾注意到它，一旦失去才知其珍贵。D项中cherish同wish youd have done more意义一致。拿隐私与健康相比仅是为了说明对失去东西的后悔之意，而不是表明我们保护隐私就像保护健康一样，排除A;当然也不是不明白其重要性和它的容易失去，因此排除B和C。

44、三、完型填空第4题：In a telephone survey of more than 2,000 adults, 21% said they believed the sun revolved(旋转)around the earh. An _1_ 7% did not know which revolved around _2_ . I have no doubt that _3_ all of these people were _4_ in school that the earth revolves around the sun; _5_ may even have written

45、it _6_ a test. But they never _7_ their incorrect mental models of planetary (行星的) _8_ because their everyday observations didnt support _9_ their teachers told them: people see the sun “moving _10_ the sky as morning turns to night, and the earth seems stationary (静止的) _11_ that is happeningStudent

46、s can learn the right answers _12_ heart in class，and yet never combined them _13_ their working models of the world. The objectively correct answer the professor accepts and the _14_ personal understanding of the world can_15_side by side，each unaffected by the other. Outside of class，the student c

47、ontinues to use the _16_ model because it has always worked well _17_ that circumstance. Unless professors address _18_ errors in students personal models of the world，students are not _19_ to replace them with the _20_ one .1.A) excessive B) extra C) additional D) added2.A) what B) which C) that D) other3.A) virtually B) remarkably C) ideally D) preferably4.A) learned B) suggested C) taught D) advised5.A) those B) these C) who D) they6.A) on B) with C) under D) for7.A) formed B) altered C) believed D) thought8.A) operation B) position C) motion D) location9.A) how B) which C) that D) what