精品新概念英语第四册第15课-Secrecy in industry.doc

《精品新概念英语第四册第15课-Secrecy in industry.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《精品新概念英语第四册第15课-Secrecy in industry.doc（5页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、新概念英语第四册第15课:Secrecy in industryLesson 15Secrecy in industry工业中的秘密First listen and then answer the following question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。Why is secrecy particularly important in the chemical industries?Two factors weigh heavily against the effectiveness of scientific research in industry. One is the gener

2、al atmosphere of secrecy in which it is carried out, the other the lack of freedom of the individual research worker. In so far as any inquiry is a secret one, it naturally limits all those engaged in carrying it out from effective contact with their fellow scientists either in other countries or in

3、 universities, or even, often enough, in other departments of the same firm. The degree of secrecy naturally varies considerably. Some of the bigger firms are engaged in researches which are of such general and fundamental nature that it is a positive advantage to them not to keep them secret. Yet a

4、 great many processes depending on such research are sought for with complete secrecy until the stage at which patents can be taken out. Even more processes are never patented at all but kept as secret processes. This applies particularly to chemical industries, where chance discoveries play a much

5、larger part than they do in physical and mechanical industries. Sometimes the secrecy goes to such an extent that the whole nature of the research cannot be mentioned. Many firms, for instance, have great difficulty in obtaining technical or scientific books from libraries because they are unwilling

6、 to have names entered as having taken out such and such a book, for fear the agents of other firms should be able to trace the kind of research they are likely to be undertaking.参考译文有两个因素严重地妨碍工业中科学研究的效率：一是科研工作中普遍存在的保密气氛；二是研究人员缺乏个人自由。任何一项研究都涉及到保密，那些从事科研的人 员自然受到了限制。他们不能和其他国家、其他大学、甚至往往不能与本公司的其他部门的同行们进

7、行有效的接触。保密程度自然差别很大。某些大公司进行的研究 属于一般和基础的研究，因此不保密对他们才有利。然而，依赖这种研究的很多工艺程序是在完全保密的情况下进行的，直到可以取得专利权的阶段为止。更多的工 艺过程根本就不会取得专利权，而是作为秘方保存着。在这化学工业方面尤为突出。同物理和机械工业相比，化学工业中偶然发现的机会要多得多。有时，保密竟达 到了这样的程度，即连研究工作的整个性质都不准提及。比如，很多公司向图书馆借阅科技书籍时感到困难，因为它们不愿让人家记下它们公司的名字和借阅的某一 本书。他们生怕别的公司的情报人员据此摸到他们可能要从事的某项科研项目。New words and exp

8、ressions 生词和短语secrecyn. 秘密effectivenessn. 成效，效力inquiryn. 调查研究positiveadj. 确实的processn. 过程patentn. 专利；v. 得到专利权agentn. 情报人员Notes on the text课文注释1 weigh against , 不利于.2 in so far as . 就.而言3 which are of such general and fundamental nature, 其中 to be of 有“具有”的意思。4 are sought for with complete secrecy, 极端

9、秘密地探索。5 such and such a book , 某一本书。Lesson 15 课后练习和答案Exercises and Answer新概念英语第四册第20课:Snake poison Lesson 20 Snake poison蛇毒 First listen and then answer the following question. 新概念英语第四册第33课:Education Lesson 33 Education教育 First listen and then answer the following question. 听 新概念英语第四册第44课:Patterns of cultu Lesson 44 Patterns of culture文化的模式 First listen and then answer the followi 新概念英语第四册第34课:Adolescence Lesson 34 Adolescence青春期 First listen and then answer the following question. 第 5 页 共 5 页