国际贸易实务教案.ppt

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1、2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,1,Introduction,Purpose: International Trade Practice is a couse to study theory and practice of goods-sale . Task: Students can master basic theory, knowledge and skills of International trade through this course, and learning to carry out principles and policies of the country c

2、ombining the reality of our country, and understanding the international trade practice.,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,2,一、Feature of international tradeIts not only a economical activity, but also a foreignal affairs. Its a complicated affairs. Its unstable Risks in it is larger than Domestic Trade There are

3、 many related departments and intermediate links. Competes intensely. 二、Law and Practice of international trade cargos sale（一）National law,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,3,（二）International Treaty or AgreementInternational Treaty related Import&Export closely is United Nations Convention on Contracts for the In

4、ternational Sale of Goods （三）International trade practice 1、Nature and characteristic 2、Functions三、Principle for the International Sales of Goods,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,4,四、The basic content of contracts for the Internationa Sale of Goods. （一）Article of contract （二）Price of Goods （三）Obligations of the

5、buyer （四）Obligations of the seller（五）Prevention and handle of controversy,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,5,五、Procedure of Imoport performance of contract （一）Procedure of import （ 二）Procedure of export,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,6,六、Structure of this bookThis course are key on the trade terms and contract clause accor

6、ding to law and practice in international trade. Combining realities of our country, it introduces the basic links of signing and perform a sales contract.（一）Trade terms（二）Contract clauses（三）Negotiation and Performance（四）Modes of trade,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,7,Sructure of this courseChapter 1：Internato

7、nal Trade Terms Chapter 2 ：Name, Quality, Quantity and Packing Chapter 3 ：Trasport of International Goods Chapter 4 ：Insurance of International Goods Chapter 5 ：Price of International Goods Chapter 6 ：Payment Chapter 7 ：Inspection, Claim, Arbitration and Force Majeure Chapter 8 ：Export Business Nego

8、tiation and Conclusion of Contract Chapter 9：Performance of Import and Export Contract Chapter 10：Trade Forms,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,8,Chapter 1 Trade Terms,Abstract： This chapter is empysis the function of the trade terms and related trade practis, especially 13 trade terms in INCOTERMS2000, FOB, CIF,

9、 CFR, FCA, CPT, CIP is the key terms. Section 1 Trade terms and International Trade Practicde Section 2 Six main trade terms Section 3 Other trade terms Section 4 Select of trade terms,Trade Terms,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,9,Section 1 Trade terms and International Trade Practicde,一、Functions of trade term

10、s Trade terms are also known as Price terms,which have two aspects: Conditions of Delivery and Price of Delivery二、Related International Trade Practice （一）The Warsaw Oxford Rules 1932 Explanation about CIF （二）The Reviced American Trade Definitions 1941 Explanation about 6 trade terms, key on FOB and

11、FAS,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,10,（三）International Commorcial Terms for short （INCOTERM2000）Formulated by International Chamber of Commerce 1、Generating process of Incoterms2000 2、Reasons of verifying Incoterms2000,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,11,EDI（Electronic Data Interchange) is a system that chang the electric

12、messages and deal with the message according to a agreement among computers.,（1）to meet the need of EDI in international trade,（2）to adapt the development of transport technology, especially for the container transport, roll-shipment transport and multimodal transport. （3）easy to grasp and conformin

13、g with the practice.（4）to adapt to the deveiopment of free-tariff area。 ( Where Applicable),2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,12,Comparing with Incoterms1990, substantive charges bave been made in two areas in Incoterms2000: （1）the customs clearance and payment of duty obligations under FAS and DEQ; and （2）the lo

14、ading and unloading obligations under FCA 3、Coverage of Incoterms2000 4、The structure of Incoterms2000 5、Notices of Incoterms2000,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,13,Section 2 Six main trade terms,一、FOB（Free on board .named port of shipment)（一）The meaning of FOB（二）The obligations of both the seller and the buyer

15、 the place of delivery, allocation of risds, the obligations and cost-payment of carriage and insurance,import&export customs clearance and cost-payment, documents of delivery,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,14,（三）Notices of using FOB1、Clear meaning of “passing the ships rail”,2、Sometimes risks will transfer in

16、 advance. But the precondition is that goods should be specialized no matter when risks transfer. Thats to say, the goods have belongs to the contract at the right place, and be separated with other goods.,Incoterms2000：if the parties do not intend to deliver the goods across the ships rail, the FCA

17、, CPT, CIP term should he used.,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,15,3、Link-up of vessel and goods 4、The difference explanation of FOB between The Revicde American Trade Definitions 1941 and Incoterms2000 （1）Expressing:if the buyers want to deliver the goods at the ports of shipment, they should add“Vessel” betwe

18、en FOB and ports name,for example “FOB Vessel New York” （2）transport modes （3）allocation of Risk （4）obligatin of export formalities and cost-payment,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,16,5、Division of loading costs Variations of FOB: （1）FOB Liner Terms（2）FOB Under TackleLighterage is due to the seller （3）FOB Stowe

19、d （4）FOB Trimmed （5）FOBST,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,17,二、CIF（Cost Insurance and Freight Named port of destination）（一）The meaning of CIF （二）The obligations of both the seller and the buyer Notice: the place of delivery, allocation of risds, the obligations and cost-payment of carriage and insurance,import&

20、export customs clearance and cost-payment, documents of delivery,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,18,（三）Notices of using CIF 1、 CIF contract belings to shipment contract division of risks and costs is separated 2、the sellers is responsible for marine insurance Incoterms2000: If there is no clear stipulation abou

21、t the insurance in the contract, the seller should be required to obtain insurance only on minimum cover, and it just for the buyer,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,19,3、chartering a ship or book shipping space is due to the seller4、Symbolic DeliveryThe conception of Symbolic Delivery and Physical Delivery Under

22、 the condition of Symbolic Delivery, the seller deliver goods by documents,and the buyer pay the price by documentsIn CIF contracts, we must avoid these clauses such as “requiring the seller is responsible the goods arrival” and “the buyer pay the price on conditions of the goodsarrival”,2019/10/23,

23、国际贸易实务讲义,20,5、Division of unloading charge Variations of CIF: （1）CIF liner Terms （2）CIF landed （3）CIF Ex Tackle （4）CIF Ex Ship,s Hold,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,21,Especially notice: Shipping advice should be sent as soon as possible. If not, transfer of risk will be later.,三、CFR（Cost and Freight）Comparing

24、 with CIF, the obligations are rough the same, difference is : the seller have no obligation for the insurance under CFR,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,22,四、FCA（Free Carrier)（一）The meaning of FCA: （二）The obligations of both the seller and the buyer Notice: the place of delivery, allocation of risks, the obliga

25、tions and cost-payment of carriage and insurance,import&export customs clearance and cost-payment, documents of delivery （三）Notice: 1、About Carrier and delivery place It should be noted that the chosen place of delivery has an impace on the obligations of losding and unloading the goods at the place

26、. It depends on if it occurs at the sellers premises.,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,23,2、Passing of Risks : Its possible that the risks pass in advance3、Divisions of obligation and costs五、CPT（Carriage Paid to， ）（一）The obligations of both the seller and the buyer Comparing with FCA,other obligations are wimila

27、r with FCA,besides the wdller must contract on usual terms at his own expense for the carriage of the goods （三）Notices of using CPT 1、The allocation of risk 2、Division of obligations and cost 3、The difference and the same between CPT and CFR,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,24,六、CIP（Carriage and Insurance Paid t

28、o，）Comparint with CPT, other obligations are similar with CPT, besides seller must cover insurance and pay for the insurance cost Among 13 trade terms, only CIF and CIP involve the insurance The difference between CIP and CIF ： Case analysis : Beijing A Company plans to export some goods in 5,000 ca

29、ses to B Company in New York. B Company want to make a deal under FOB new harbour, but A Company tends to use FCA Beijing.Then please try to find out above-mentioned reason of terms these two Companies proposed .,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,25,1、Mode of transport 2、The place of delivery and the allocation o

30、f risk 3、The divisin of loading and unloading cost 4、The kinds and the time of provide the transport documents are different.,FCA、CPT、CIP与FOB、CFR、CIF的区别,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,26,Section 3 Other trade terms,一、EXW（Ex Works ）Ex Warehouse,Ex Mine,Ex Plantation（一）The obligations of both the seller and the

31、buyer This term thus represents the minium obligation for the seller, and the buyer has to bear all costs and risks involved in taking the goods from the sellers premises. EXW is the price of physical delivery. 。EXW may be used irrespective of the mode of transport.,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,27,（二）Notices

32、 of using EXW 1、Link-up of vessel and goods 2、Packing and shipment of goodsAccording to the minium obligation for the seller,the seller mustnt responsible for the loading of the goods on departure and to bear the risks and all the costs of wuch loading 3、About all customs formalities for the export

33、of the goods 4、The costs of inspections The buyer must pay the costs of any pre-shipmnet inspection, including inspection mandated by the authorities of the country of export. 。,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,28,二、FAS（Free Alongside Ship） （一）The meaning of FAS: （二）Notices of using FAS: 1、Differnet explanation

34、between the Reviced American Trade Definities 1941 and Incoterms 2000 2、The seller to clear the goods for export 3、Link-up of vessel and goods,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,29,三、DAF（Delivered At Frontier）（一）The meaning of DAF The term “frontier” may be used for any frontier including that of the country of ex

35、port.Notice: The seller basnt the obligation of unloading in Incoterms2000 （二）Notices of using DAF 1、The difference between DAF and CPT 2、Mode of transport:This term may be or respective of the mode of transport when goods are to be delivered at a land frontier. When delivery is to take place in the

36、 port of destination on blard a vessel of on the quay(wharf), the DES of DEQ terms should be used.,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,30,四、DES（Delivered Ex Ship） （一）The meaning of DES: （二）Notices of using DES: 1、Link-up of vessel and goods 2、The difference between DES and CIF If ship can pull in to shore directly,

37、 DES is the real arrival price. （1）the place of delivery （2） allocation of risks （3）responsible for the costs （4） properties of delivery,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,31,五、DEQ（ Delivered Ex Quay, ）The seller has to bear costs and risls involved in bringing the goods to the named port of destination and discha

38、rging the goods on the quay(wharf) Notice: The DEQ term requires the buyer to clear the goods for import and to pay for all formalities duties,taxes and other charges upon import. Mode of transport:This term can be used onlu when the gods are to be delivered by sea or inland waterway or multimodal t

39、ransport on discharging from a vessel onto the quay (wharf) in the port of destination六、DDU（ Delivered Duty Unpaid, ）DDU is also suit to the trade in Free Trade Area and countries which sign tariff agreement.,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,32,七、 DDP（ Delivered Duty PaidUnder DDP the seller clear the goods for

40、import and pay any duty as a consequence thereof. DDP represents the maximum obligation,costs and risks, so the price that the seller charged is highest.,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,33,Section 4 Choosing the trade terms,一、Summary of Trade terms （一）The “E” term: Departure （二）The “F” term: Main Carriage Unpai

41、d（三）The “C” term: Main Carriage Paid注：Allocation of risks and costs is separated注：The “F” term and the “C” term are all belong to “shipment” contracts.,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,34,（四）The “D” term: Arrival The “D” term contracts belong to “arrival” contracts Under these terms seller cant responsible for u

42、nloading the goods except DEQ二、13 kinds of trade terms tabulate the contrast,Notice： The “D” and “E” term contracts belong to “arrival” contracts, “F” and “C” term contracts belong to “shipment” contracts,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,35,三、Relatins of trade terms and contracts property 1、Trade term depermine

43、the property of sales contracts 2、Avoiding contradictions between trade term and conditions in sales contracts3、Notice trade term and term in the contract of transportation in the deal contract linking up each other四、Packing and inspection of goods Except EXW, the buyer must pay the costs of any pre

44、-shipment inspection except when such inspection is mandated by the authorities of the country of export.,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,36,五、Select the main factor that the trade term should be considered for use 1、Transport conditions 2、source of goods 3、Factor of the freight charges 4、Risk in the transporta

45、tion way 5、Whether going through the customs chearance of the cargoes imported and exported formalities has difficulty,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,37,Summaries of this chapter:,This chapter has told 13 kinds of prices term of Incoterm2000 mainly, among them need to grasp FOB, CFR, CIF, FCA, CPT and CIP six

46、kinds of terms especially. Grasping it from the place of delivery mainly to every kind of trade term, the risk shilts the demarcation line, is it transport to handle and obligation and relevant burden, responsibility and between burden and suitable transportation way, etc. tespest of expenses that imports and exports declare at the Customs of expenses of insurance consider.,2019/10/23,国际贸易实务讲义,38,Exercise,1、Writing and understanding the 13trade terms correctly. 。2、Comparing the trade terms：FOB、CFR and CIF CFR and CPTCIF and CIPFOB、CFR、CIF and FCA、CPT、 CIPDES and CIF,