中考英语专题复习宾语从句 3.docx

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1、精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结【宾语从句命题】中考英语专项复习 宾语从句四、否定转移当宾语从句表示否定的意义时，如主句主语为第一人称且谓语动词是think/ believe / suppose /expect 等时，应在主句上加以否定。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结中考对宾语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面：1. 引导宾语从句的连词和代词挑选。2. 宾语从句的语序。3. 宾语从句的时态。【考点诠释】宾语从句在中学英语语法中有着相当重要的位置，几乎每年的中考都有对宾语从句

2、不同角度的考 查。其考查的重点一般都集中在以下几个方面：一、连接词宾语从句的连接词分为三类：1. 引导陈述句用that（在口语或非正式文体中经常省略）。2. 引导一般疑问句用if 或 whether 。留意：以下几种情形通常使用whether：（ 1）在具有挑选意义又有or 或 or not 时，特别是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether。（ 2）在介词之后用whether。（ 3）在不定式前用whether 等。3. 引导特别疑问句，只需用原先的特别疑问词。一 Excuse me，could you tell me . Theres a bank on the second flo

3、or You can make it there 黄冈市 A where I can change moneyB how I can get to the bankC if theres a bank near hereD where the bank is二、语序在含宾语从句的复合句中，不管主句是陈述句仍是疑问句，从句一律是用“连接词陈述句语序”，其标点符号由主句来打算。1 -Do you know now.一 In the Peoples Hotel 北京市 A where is Tom workingB where did Tom workC where Tom is workingD

4、where Tom worked三、时态1. 假如主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句的时态可视情形使用任何一种相关的时 态。2. 假如主句的谓语动词是过去时态，宾语从句必需使用过去相应的某一种时态。3. 假如宾语从句表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句是用什么时态， 从句时态习惯上都用一般现在时。4. 情态动词could / would 用于 “恳求 ”，表示委婉、客气的语气时，从句时态不受主句的约束。Excuse me, could you tell me when the new Olympic Center. 沈阳市 A are we visited

5、B will we visitC we are visitedD we will visit-Could you tell me whom the radio by.一 Sorry， I have no idea 福州市 A inventsB inventedC is inventedD was invented（河北） I didnt understand , so I raised my hand to ask.A. what my teacher saysB. what does my teacher sayC. what my teacher saidD. what did my te

6、acher say五、简化宾语从句在肯定条件下，可以简化为 “特别疑问词 +不定式 ”、“ it +形容词 +不定式短语 ”、复合宾语、动词不定式（名词、动名词、形容词或副词、过去分词）短语、名词和过去分词等。I don t know what I should do with the letter.（改为简洁句） （山东烟台）I don t knowhwat with the letter.六、留意点if / when既可以引导宾语从句，也可以引导状语从句，应留意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同。 if / when 引导宾语从句时，意思分别为“是否 ”和“何时 ”，此时它们的时态依据详细

7、情形而定。if和when 引导状语从句时，意思分别为“假如 ”和“当的时候 ”，此时假如主句是一般将来时，从句 部分就用一般现在时。七、综合考查-Did Mr White tell you -.-Yes. He said he went there in 2021. 福州市 A. when he traveled to TibetB. how he goes to WuhanC. Where he spent his holidaysD. why did he visit Kunming【语法回忆】宾语从句宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。依据引导

8、 宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。1. 由 that 引导的宾语从句。That 只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：He said that he wanted to stay at home. 他说他想呆在家里。She doesn t know that she is seriously 她ill.不知道她病得很严峻。I am sure that he will succeed. 我确信他会胜利。2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how 引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连

9、接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Do you know who whom they are waiting for.你知道他们在等谁吗？He asked whose handwriting was the best. 他问谁的书法最好。Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is.你能告知我3 路公共汽车站在哪儿吗？I don t know why the train is lat我e.不知道火车为什么晚了。I cant imagine why he did that thing 我不能想像他为什么做了那件事。Do you know why we

10、have put off the sports meet till next month.你知道我们为什么把运动会推迟到下 个月吗 .以上两个例句的宾语从句相当于一个特别疑问句，分别为：why did he do that thing. 和 Why have you put off the sports meet till next month. 由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序，故而在从句中它变成了陈述语序。 请看以下两组句子：How much does this coat cost.这件衣服值多少钱.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结

11、学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 4 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结I want to know how much this coat costs 我想知道这件衣服值多少钱。Where did you go yesterday.你昨天去哪儿了.Please tell me where you went yesterday 请告知我你昨天去哪儿了。当疑问代词what，who 在

12、特别疑问句中做主语时，该特别疑问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句用来做宾语时，语序不需要调整。Whats wrong with you.怎么了 .He asked the girl what was wrong with her 他问这个女孩怎么回事了。Whats the matter. 怎么了 .He asked the girl what was the matter 他问这个女孩怎么了。What has happened to him. 他发生什么事了.We want to know what has happened to him 我们想知道他发生了什么事。同类句式仍有：Who bro

13、ke the window.谁打破的窗户. Who is in the classroom.谁在教室里 .What made him so angry 什么使得他如此愤怒。3. 由 if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句。表示“是否 ”，二者通常可以互换。例如：Lily asked if/whether she liked it.莉莉问她是否喜爱它。I want to know if whether he lives there.我想知道他是否住在这儿。 He asked me whether if I could help him.他问我是否可以帮忙他。 但语义有点区分：1） whethe

14、r 强调徘徊和挑选，多见于书面语中。if只限于条件，常用于口语。例如：Write and tell me whether Im to come.请写信告知我，我是否该来。Write and tell me if Im to come.假如我该来，请写信告知我（相当于说：如我不必来，那就不用费心 写信给我了。 ）2） whether 可引导各种名词性从名和让步状语从句，if只能引导宾语从句和条件状语从句。由if 引导的从句，第一要弄清晰是宾语从句，仍是条件状语从句，然后再确定时态。如是引导条件状语从句，谓语 动词应用一般现在（过去）时代替一般将来（过去将来）时。例如：What I want to

15、 know is whether you can help me.我想知道的是你是否能帮忙我。 Whether we go or stay, the result is the same. 不管我们是走仍是留，其结果是一样的。5）与不定式连用：例如：I dont know whether to accept or refuse. 我不知道是该接受仍是该拒绝。6）在介词后作介宾。例如：I am not interested in whether you like the plan or not.我不在乎你是否喜爱那项方案。4 think ， believe， suppose， imagine ，

16、guess等表示 “认为 ”、 “猜想 ”等的动词后的宾语从句1）否定转移在以上动词之后的宾语从句中，有时谓语尽管是否定含义，却不用否定形式，而把主句中的上述 动词变为否定形式，这就叫否定转移。I dont think the book is worth buying我认为这本书不值得买。I dont believe they have finished their work我信任他们并未完成他们的工作。I dont suppose he cares我猜想他们不会介意的。We dont expect they will have everything done 我们期望他们没有把事全做完。2）

17、存在这种否定转移现象的句了在作反意疑问句时，具有如下特点：在宾语从句中，假如主句的谓语动词是think ， believe， suppose， imagine ， guess等，主句主语是第一人称以外的人称时，反意疑问句应针对主句。You dont think he can finish his work, do you.你认为他不能完成他的工作，是吗. He doesnt believe that we have come back ， does he. 他认为我们仍没回来了，是吗.但是假如主句主语是第一人称时，反意疑问词部分的主语和时态要与宾语从句保持一样，并留意 否定转移。I dont

18、think you are an actor ，are you. 我认为你不是一个演员，是吗.I suppose you have been to Beijing ， havent you .我想你去过北京。是吗.另外，当 think，suppose，believe ，imaging ，guess这类表示 “认为 ”、“猜想 ”的动词作主句谓语时，常会显现一种以疑问词起头的双重疑问句。What do you think he is.你认为他是做什么的.How much time do you suppose I must spend on it.你认为我得花多少时间来做这件事.可编辑资料 -

19、- - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结If you dont go soon, you如ll果be你la不te马.上去就会迟到。二. 宾语从句的语序可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结当if 引导一个非真实条件句时，从句的谓语动词应用过去式（假如是 be, 就不论主语的人称和数，一律宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结用were） ,主句谓语动词用“would+动词原形 ”。例如：I hear that physics isn我听说t e物as理y.不简洁。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结If everyone in th

20、e country knew first aid, many lives would be saved.假如每个国民都懂得急救（的学问）， 很多生命就会得以挽救。I think that you will like this school soon.我认为你不久会喜爱这所学校。Can you tell me how I can get to zoo.你能告知我怎么到动物园吗？可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结3） whether 和if 都可以与 or no连用。但 if 与or not之间常需要用词语隔开，而whether 与or not 可连用，也可隔开。例如：Please

21、tell me when we ll have the m请ee告tin诉g我.三. 宾语从句的时态我们什么时候开会。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Can you tell me whether or not the train has left.=Can you tellme whether the train has left or not. 你能告知我火车是否离开了吗.I dont care if your car breaks down or not . 我不在乎你的汽车是否坏了。4）以下情形，只用whether 作引导词：引导主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句、让步状语

22、从句。例如：Whether he comes or not doesnt concern me.他来不来与我无关。I am in doubt whether I ought to give this plan myapproval. 我打算不了是否该同意这项方案。1如主句为一般现在时或一般将来时，就从句的时态不限可视句子意义使用所需要的任何时态。例 如：We all know chicken cant swim. 我们都知道鸡不会游泳。Dont you think Jim is speaking too quick.莫非你不认为吉姆讲的太快了吗？ He says he will come ba

23、ck. 他说他会回来。2如主句是祈使句，从句谓语动词也可用所需要的任何时态。例如：Show me which picture is yours. 让我看看哪张照片是你的。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 4 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Please tell us where w

24、e will go. 请告知我要去哪里。3如主句是一般过去时，从句必需用过去时态的某一种。例如： I knew she had swept the floor already. 我知道她已经扫过的了。He asked if I was doing my homework this time yesterday.他问我昨天这个时候是否在做作业。 4如从句表达的是客观真理、自然现象或永恒不变的规律时，就不受主句时态的限制，仍用一般现 在时。例如：Our teacher told us light travels much faster than sound. 老师告知我们光传播的速度比声音快得多。

25、They knew the sun is much bigger than the earth then. 他们那时就知道太阳比的球大得多，He said that one and one makes two.他说一加一等于二。【中考真题】1. I wonder at 8:00 last night. I was watching NBA.A. What were you doing B. What did you doC .what you were doingD. What are you doing2.I dont remember the book yesterday.A. where

26、 I putB. where did I putC. where will I putD. where l will put 3. I don t know .-Because he has to look after his mother.A. why he is leavingB. why is he leavingC. whether he is leavingD. whether is he leaving4.I didn t understand . So I raised my hand to askA. what my teacher saysB. what my teacher

27、 sayC. what my teacher said5. They wonder robots will make humans lose their jobs or notA. thatB. ifC. whether 6.Can you tell me .A. how much is the red sweaterB. how much the red sweater is C .what s the price of the red sweater D. how many the red sweater is7. Excuse me, Could you tell. Yes. Go al

28、ong this street and you will find it on your left.A. where is the museumB. which is the way to the museumC. how far is the museumD. how can I get to the museum8. I don t know.A. where she comes from .B. how old is sheC. When was she born . 9.-Could you tell me .- At nine o clock, in ten minutes.A. h

29、ow will he leaveB. when he has leftC. why he is leavingD. when he will leave 10.The woman asked the policeman where .A .the post office isB. was the post officeC. is the post officeD.the post office was 11.-Could you tell me .-At the end of July.A. how often he heard from his pen palB. how soon he w

30、ill be hereC. that he went on vacationD. when you will start your vacation 12.Could you tell me a meeting in Guangzhou next week.A. if there was going to beB. if there is going to beC. whether is there going to beD. whether there is going to have13. I m hungry now. Could you please tell me . Sure. F

31、ollow me, please.A. where there s a good place to have funB. the way to the post officeC. where I can get a dictionaryD. wh ere there s a good place to eat14. Bob, please tell me. In South Hill School.A. where will the match be heldB. where the match will be heldC. when will the match be heldD. when

32、 the match will be held15. Did the radio say . Yes, from Hunan.A. how the bad rice cameB. where the bad rice came fromC. how did the bad rice comeD. where did the bad rice come from16. Excuse me. Can you tell me. At about 8 o cloc.k, sirA. what time the plane will reach BeijingB. what time will the

33、plane arrive in BeijingC. what time the plane will arrive BeijingD. what time will the plane get to Beijing17. Please tell methe scarf. She bought it online, I guess.A. if Alice likedB.when Alice boughtC.where Alice boughtD.how much did Alice pay for 18. Could you please tell me . They re over there

34、.A. where are the restroomsB. where were the restroomsC. where the restrooms areD. where the restrooms were 19.-How soon will you start your journey.- I m not sure. I haven t decided .A when shall I ask the boss for leaveB where I will go to spend the holiday C whether I would go by train or by plan

35、eD who could invite me to go 20.-I wonder when be held.-If it , we ll have it next Monday.A. the sports meeting will; doesnB. willt trhaeinsports meeting; doesn t rainC. the sports meeting will; will not rain21. Alice interviewed some people and asked them about on Fathers Day .A. what they doB. wha

36、t they did.C. what they will do .22. Do you know I saw yesterday. It was my favorite star, Jackie.A. whomB. whenC. whereD. how 23. How long does it take to get to the airport. Forty minutes. But it s foggy today. I m not tshuerehighway will closes soon. Let s set off earlier.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结

37、可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 4 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结A. whetherB. whenC. howD. why24. If you can t find the place, I will show you .A. what it isB. what it wasC. where it isD. where it

38、 was25. Could you tell me in your hometown in winter. Sure.A. whether does it often snowB. whether it often snowsC. if it often snowD. if does it snow26. Teenagers with working experiences know more clearly they will be in the future.A. whoB. whyC. whereD. what27. Someone is knocking at the door, da

39、d. Go and see .A. who is itB. who it isC. who was itD. who it was 28.-Could you please tell me .-Yes. There is one on Center Street.A. where can I buy some stampsB. when you will take your vacationC. when was the telephone invented D. if there are any good restaurants around here29. Could you tell m

40、e . This way, please.A. where are the special shoesB. where the special shoes areC. where will be the special shoes30. People in Yancheng are proud of they have achieved in the past thirty years.A. howB. whichC. whatD. when31. Could you please tell me . She is under the big tree over there .A. where

41、 is Miss ZhouB.where was Miss ZhouC. where Miss Zhou wasD. where Miss Zhou is32. Could you tell me. Im going to pick you up at the airport. At 15:45 this Friday.A. where you met meB. who you are coming withC. when you came hereD. what time you are arriving33. You can use English or Chinese you trave

42、l in Singapore.A. whetherB. whateverC. whereD. if34. - Would you please tell me .- Yes. There s a bank over there.A. When can I exchange moneyB. where can I exchange moneyC. when I can exchange moneyD. where I can exchange money35. Do you know .Next year.A. when he moved to ShanghaiB. when he will m

43、ove to ShanghaiC. when will he move to Shanghai36. I wonder.- Shandong Province.A. when will Peng Liyuan comeB. where Peng Liyuan is fromC. where Peng Liyuan came fromD. how Peng Liyuan will come 37.-Could you tell me .-More than a year.A. how soon will Yangzhou-Taizhou Airport be builtB. how long h

44、as Yangzhou-Taizhou Airport been in serviceC. how soon Yangzhou-Taizhou Airport will be builtD. how long Yangzhou-Taizhou Airport has been in service 38. I want to know .- Sorry. I ve no idea. But she was here just now.A. where is AnnB. where Ann isC. where was AnnD. where Ann was39. Would you like to tell me . Sure. Practice makes perfect.A. how can I study English wellB. why do you learn English wellC. how I can study English wellD. why I learn English well 40.Could you tell me the cool T-shirt.A. where you buyB. where do you buyC. where did you buyD.