初中英语仁爱版八级上册知识点.docx

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1、精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -八年级 上册 Unit 1Play Sports【考点解析】Topic 1Are you going to play basketball. Section A1 We are going to have a basketball game against Class Threeagainst 表示“对着：反对。靠着”2 cheer sb on 为加油，鼓劲3 win 和 beat 都可表示“赢” ，但用法不同。(1) winwon ， won 一般后接竞赛，奖品或奖项作宾语，也可作不及物动词，表示“赢”

2、的结果。(2) beatbeat， beaten击败、战胜，一般接对手作宾语，仍可译为“心脏跳动”或“击打”。a gamea teamwin+ 事物a warbeat+对手a nationa prizean apponent对手 4 prefer 宁愿，更宠爱(1) prefer doing sth to doing sth 跟做某事比较起来更宠爱做某事prefer sb sth to sb. sth跟某人某物比较起来更宠爱人某物(2) prefer to do sth ratherthan do sth 跟做某事比较起来更宠爱做某事3prefer to do sth 更宠爱做某事5 join

3、 take part in1join 参与某个政党，团体，组织等，成为其中的一员2join sb in doing sth 和某人一起 做某事 3join in=take part ， in 参与某项活动Section B1 play for a team 为某队效力be in on the team 在某队打球2 dream 作名词，“梦，理想” 。eg my dream job 也可作动词dream of about sth. doing sth3“ one of the+形容词最高级+名词的复数”意思是“最之一”。4 break the record 打破记录5 in the 2021

4、Beijing Olympics在 2021 年北京奥运会中。 “在竞赛中”用in e g in the race in the basketball game6 give up 舍弃。留意应当把介词放在中间。eg give it up ，give up doing sth 舍弃做某事。 7What a Shame=What a pity 真遗憾 .Section C1 spend costpay take(1) spend 作“花费”之意时，指花费时间精力财力在某事或某物上，主语是人。(2) cost 主要指花费金钱时间劳力精力等。主语是某物或某事。其结构是sthcosts sb(3) pa

5、y sb，答谢某人，payfor可等同于spendon，或用cost 作同义句转换。(4) take 一般指花费时间，其主语是名词或动名词，常常用it 作形式主语。2 do exercise=play sports 做运动，锤炼3 There be 句型的将来时结构为There is are going to be 或 There will be 。留意在There be 句型中不能显现表示“有”的have 和 has 。1可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 45 页 - - - - - - - - - -可

6、编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结4 the high jump 跳高the long jump 跳远5 Sure1be sure that+ 从句 e g I am sure that he is right 2sb be sure to do sth某人肯定会做某事。强调说话人的语气。3be sure of about sth doing sth“确信”，表示主语对有把握。4 用在祈使句里Be surenotto do sth 肯定 不做某事e gBe sure to come here early 6 make 的用法。 1make sb do sth使某人做某事。被动语态中

7、要仍原to。 2“ make sb sth +形容词”使某人或某物处于某种状态。3make sth for sb make sbsth为某人制作7 be good for “对有益” ，反义词组是be bad for “对有害” 。8 keep healthy=keep fit 保持健康Section D1 play against 跟进行竞赛play with play against play forplay with 玩耍，嬉戏，玩乐，与玩耍。play against 同竞赛。play for 为效力。2 leavefor离开某的去某的leave for=set off for动身去某的

8、3一般将来时1 含义：表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或是存在的状态，也表示将来常常或反复发生的动作，常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如：tomorrow ， soon， later on， next timeweek ， month ， year， Sunday等。2 结构为 be going to do sth 或 will do sth 。There be 句型的将来时结构为There is are going to be 或There will be 。留意在There be 句型中不能显现表示“有”的have has。3 表示位置移动的动词go, come， leave， fly ， sta

9、rt 等可以用现在进行时表示将要发生的事。其中go和 come 肯定要用现在进行时表示将来。【例 19】10 年河北中考 This term over The summer vacation is coming in two weeks A isB wasC has beenD will be【例 20】10 年重庆中考 If you to the 2021 Shanghai Expo next week ， I will go with youA goB has goneC will goD are going【考点解析】Topic 2Would you mind passing me so

10、me water. Section A1would could will youpleasedo sth “请你做好吗.”表示委婉恳求对方做某事，否定结构是would could will youpleasenot do sth 。e g Would you please not playthe piano loudly.2fall ill “ 生病”，be ill“ 生病的”，强调一种状态。 feel ill“ 感觉不舒适” ，强调一种身体感受。fall down摔倒，跌倒。3 mind 的用法1作动词，表示“介意” ，常用于疑问句或否定句中。其结构是mind sb sth doing st

11、h 对 would you mind sb sbs doing sth及“ would you mind if+从句”的回答，假如是表达“会介意”，可用 Yes， youd better not I am sorry but I do假如表达“不会介意”，可用 No ， not at all Never mind It doesnt matter No， of course not2 用于提出建议。 Would you mind doing sth would you mind not doing sth. 对 Would you mind doing sth的回答可以用 Of course

12、not ，I will do it right away SorryI will do it right away 对 would you mind not doing sth 的回答可以用 Sorry ， I wont do it again Im sorry about that 4 作名词，“思想”。set ones mind to do sth on sth专心于做某事4 be gladhappy to do sth 愿意做某事5 practice sth doing sth练习做某事2可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Section B1 be always doing

13、 sth老是，含有埋怨的感情颜色。 2 careless 形容词，反义词是careful。carelessly 副词，反义词是carefully 3 chance 机会 have a chance to do sth有机会做某事get a chance to do sth得到一个机会做某事 4 What do you mean by sth doing sth .=Whats the meaning of sth doing sth .5shout at sb朝某人喊叫，含有愤怒或生气的感情。shout to sb朝某人喊叫，只是为了使对方听到，没有感情颜色。6 fight with sb =

14、have a fight with sb 与某人打架7 be angry with sb 意为“生某人的气” ，如：【链接】 1 be angry at对某人的言行感到生气，2 be angry about sth.对某事感到愤怒，如：8 do ones best to do sth=try to do sth 尽力做某事9 say sorryhello goodbye to sb向某人赔礼问候，道10 be feel sorry for to do 为而愧疚伤心 11 keep 的用法 1keep sb doing sth使某人始终做某事 2“ keep sb sth+宾补 +adj”使某人

15、某物处于某种状态(3) “keep sb sth +宾补 +adv ”使某人某物处于某种状态4keep doingsth连续不断做某事 e5“ keep+表语”，表示保持连续处于某种状态e g keep fit healthy6 赡养 e gMy father keeps a big family 7 储存，保留e gHow long can I keep the book.12 turn down 调低音量turn up 调高音量turn on 打开 turn off 关上留意代词都要放在中间。【分析比较】turn on“打开 水龙头、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等”turn off “关掉 水龙

16、头、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等”。turn up “开大，调高” 。turn down “削减，关小”13 in a minute right away at once 立刻，立刻14对 sorry 的回答可以是Thats OKall right It doesnt matter Never mind Not at allSection C1 love doing to do sth宠爱做某事2 exciting excited exciting 指使人感到兴奋的事excited 是指人对感到兴奋3 as well too also either so neither(1) too as wel

17、l 表示“也” ，一般放在句末，且前用逗号隔开，常用于确定句。e gTom is a student。 Jack is a student， too as well(2) also 表示“也” ，用于确定句中，放在be 动词、助动词、情态动词后实意动词前。3 在否定句中，都要改为either 。4so 表示“也”时，用在倒装句中，表示确定，其结构是“so+be 动词助动词情态动词+主语”。egKate went shopping yesterday 。Tom went shopping ，too as wellso did Tom 5neither 表示“也”时，用在倒装句中，表示否定，其结构

18、是“neither+ be 动词助动词情态动词+主语”。eg。Kate didnt go shopping yesterday 。 Tom didnt go shopping ，eitherNeither did Tom 4so that 引导目的状语从句，含义是“以便， 目的是， 为了”。从句的谓语动词要用may，can，should，could 等情态动词， 表示目的状语， 相当于 in order that ，可以改成in order to do 句型。egLets take the front seats so thatin order that we may see more cle

19、arly =Lets take the front seats in order to see more clearly 6 other others another the otherthe othersother 作形容词，指“其他的，别的”。eg other studentsothers1别人 e g You must be polite to others 2 “其他的人或物” ，指在一个范畴之内，除去一部分后剩余的部分， 而不是全部， 一般显现短语someothers 中。e.gThere are many students in the classroom，3可编辑资料 - - -

20、 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结some are reading， some are writing ， others are talking another1 三者或三者以上“又一个，再一个” 。不确定数量中的另外一个。Jack has bought anotherpen2 别的，不同的。I dont like this shirt Please show me another one3another+数词 +名词一数词 +more+名词。“再多一些” ，在原先的基础上再加一些。onethe other 两者之间一个另一个Section D1连接时间的介词用法1ago“多久之前” ，用过去式。 结

21、构是 “段时间 +ago”egtwo days ago2“ before+点时间”，表示“在几点前” ，可用过去时、 将来时或一般现在时。egThey will be here before 7 ：00。3 “in+ 段时间”，指“多久之后” ，用将来时。 e gWe will get to Beijing in three days4 “ after+点时问”，在几点之后，可用过去时，将来时或一般现在时。e gWe often play football after 5： 00 in the afternoon “ after+段时间”，表示“多久之后” ，只能用于过去式。e gHe cam

22、e back after four days 2instead 副词，“代替。 而。相反”，单独使用时放句末。instead of sth doing sth. 取代而不是3build sb up 使某人更强壮4 have fun doing sth 做某事很开心(1) have fun= enjoy oneself= have a good time玩得高兴，过得欢乐(2) have fun with ab.与某人共度欢乐时间(3) Have fun Enjoy yourself Have a good time 等可以作为对别人出行前得祝愿。Topic 3 Which sport will

23、 you take part in. Section A1the sports meet meeting 运动会 the boys 800 一 meter race 男子 800 米赛跑 the long jump 跳远 the highjump 跳高 the relay race 接力赛跑2 Its the ones first secondtime to do sth 3 make friends with sb 与某人交伴侣。留意friends 要用复数形式。4be ready for sth为某事而预备。5maybe may be maybe=perhaps 副词，“ 或许，大致”。e

24、gMaybe he is at the bus station now may be 是情态动词may 后接动词原形be，Section Bl. 打电话问对方是某人时，可以问Is thatspeaking. 回答可以是Yes， whos that. Speaking 问对方是谁时用Who is that.告知对方自己是谁时，应当说This isspeaking。找人接电话时，应当说 Hello ， may I speak to sb .回答时假如是本人接的电话，可以直接说speaking。 2 Lets make it half past six 让我们定在六点半吧。make it1 指商定时

25、间e gLets make it at 6 ： 302 办成，做到 准备或期望做的事 3pass动词，“传递”。pass sbsth =pass sthto sb把某物传给某人。e gWould you please passme the book. “经过”。eg She was the first one to pass the finishing line pass by“经过 某的 ”。past可作副词或介词， “在旁经过” 。eg He hurried past me without stopping to talk with me【例 6】09 年新疆中考 Did you see

26、the accident yesterday. Yes It happened when I the museum A walked passB was walking pastC walk pastD was walking pass【例 7】We need 再加两个人 to do the work 4 congratulations 庆贺你。当别人取得成果、荣誉时，我们可以对他说：Congratulations.【例 8】10 年广东中考 Yesterday 1 won the first place in the 100-meter race Really. .A Congratulat

27、ionsB Never mindC Thats all rightD Im sorry to hear that5 take photos pictures 照相eg Look ， lots of students are taking photos of the beautiful flowers【例 9】10 年兰州中考 what are on show in the museum. Some photos by the children of Yushu ，Qinghai A have been takenB were takenC are takenD taken4可编辑资料 - -

28、- 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Section C1 hold have a sports meet 举办运动会2 be good at sthdoing sth =do well in sth doing sth 善于 做某事do badly in sth doing sth在某方面做得糟糕【例 10】His father is good at making model planes 同义句改写 His father model planes 3 encourage sb to do sth勉励某人做某事。【例 11】 My father often encourages me studyhar

29、d 4 take exercise=do sports 做运动。其中exercise 是不行数名词，意思是“运动，锤炼”。它也可以做可数名词，意思是“练习，体操”。e g do morning exercises 做早操【例 12】10 年陕西中考 what do you think of the . I think they are good for our eyes We should do them often A eyes exerciseB eye exerciseC eye exercises 5 be able to 和 can(1) 表示现在或过去的才能时两者相同。e.g. I

30、 could ride a bike at the age of 8. =I was able to ride a bike at the age of 8.我八岁时就会骑自行车了。(2) be able to 有人称时态及数的变化，而can 只有过去式could.e.g. We will be able to make it in 2021.到 2021 年我们就可以做到了。3 表示恳求、答应及否定判定时，只能用can。e.g. The boy cant be Mike ，he left for Paris yesterday.那个男孩不行能是Mike. ，他昨天去巴黎了。【例 13】Jac

31、ks father 能 swim when he was five years old 【例】 Could I use your dictionary. Yes， you .A canB couldC needD should6do sthfor the first secondtime 第一二次做某事egWe took part in the school sports meet for the second time last year 【例 14】 China took part in the Olympics the first time in 1951A atB forC toD o

32、n7more“更多” ，后可接可数或不行数名词。反义词是less，“更少”，接不行数名词。fewer“更少”，接可数名词复数。【例 15】10 年黄冈中考 Whats the low-carbon lifestyle like. Save energy， produce carbonA more。moreB less。 moreC less。 lessD more。 lessSection D1 stand for 代表e g Red stands for good luck in China 【例 16】08 年龙岩中考 The Tang costume 代表 Chinese history

33、 and fashion culture 2 at least=as little as 至少，反义词是at most=as much as 至多。【例 17】 This pair of shoes costs 至少 200 yuan【例 18】10 年成都中考 The food I cook isnt delicious ， but I can look after myself A at firstB at lastC at least【习题精练】I 词汇A 依据汉语或首字母提示填写单词。1 The r for joining the English club is to be able

34、to practice more English2 The modern 奥运会 started in Athens 3 There are many 旅行者 visiting Beijing every year5可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结4 We should improve our 环境 and keep it clean 5 Five rings are a s of the Olympic Games B 依据汉语提示及句子意思补全句子。1 I was the winner in the 跳高 in the school sports meeting 2 Jac

35、k 可能 ill now I saw him in the hospital just now 3 Would you mind cleaning the floor. I am sorry ， I will do it 立刻 4 You know his words 代表 our idea 5 We can more和交伴侣 with foreigners 单项挑选1 10 年杭州中考 Would you like to have chicken. No， thanks Its delicious ， but Ive had enough A some otherB some moreC a

36、nother some2 10 年长沙中考 I am sure you will your classmates if you are kind and friendly to themA catch up withB agree withC get on badly withD make friends with3 10 年安徽中考 It seems that Alice never wants to do anything except draw pictures Right Thats what she likes to doA moreBlestC mostD least4 10 年十

37、堰中考 Where is Jeff. Im not sure He playing football on the playgroundA maybeB may beC can beD must be5 10 年安徽中考 Bob promises to the football match unless he has to help his parents on the farm A joinB join inC take part to6 10 年山西中考 English is difficult for me How can I improve it. Dont lose your con

38、fidence I believe you will it if you keep tryingA takeB workC pickD make7 09 年山西中考 Is it polite to speak and laugh loudly . No， I dont think so A. in publicB at leastC on time8 09 年新疆中考 Did you watch the basketball match yesterday. Yes， We were all about the match A exciting 。 excitedB exciting 。 ex

39、citingCexcited 。 excitedD excited。 exciting9 09 年广州中考 Have you your new classmates yet.A had friends withB made friend withC got friend toD made friends with10 09 年宁德中考 I called you yesterday ， but nobody the phone A checkedB repairedC answered11 09 年天门中考 why do you like that scarf so much. Because

40、I think it can me good luck A fetchB bringC passD take1209 年潍坊中考 Liu Qian ，as a little boy ， was so his own magic world that he seldom went out to play with other childrenA good atB mad aboutC popular withD afraid of13 09 年福州中考 We will build a subway in Fuzhou before 2021 Wow ， .Will it pass our pla

41、ce.A what an excited newsB how excited the news is6可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Cwhat exciting newsD how exciting news14 08 年南通中考 Hello. May I speak to Mr Smith. ，pleaseHe is answering another call right now A Go onB Come onC Keep onD Hold on15 07 年厦门中考 Doctors often suggest ，“ vegetables and meat can he

42、lp you keep fit ” A More 。 lessBFew。 muchC Fewer。 more 10 年东营中考 阅读表达 共 5 小题，计10 分 阅读短文，依据要求完成下面各小题。If the only sports you do are dancing your fingers across your keyboard， you could be in serious danger of more than just becoming fat.Do you feel sleepy， likesomething is weighingdownon your head. Do

43、you feel forgetful.Do yousometimes feel uncomfortable up and down your neck and lower back ，and you cant explain why. Do you get sick often. It could be radiation 辐射 from your computer causing it If you spend three hours or more a day in front of a computer ，and at this point ， who doesnt. you are m