考博英语常见知识点总结.docx

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1、精品名师归纳总结Whisper 小声细语Proclaim 大声宣告reclaim 订正,收回acclaim 欢呼,喝彩claim 要求,声称Deteriorate 使土的变坏,恶化Criticize 批判 object 反对 不及物动词 object to/againstoppose 反对,及物动词,直接跟宾语 反对某种观点或方案frown 皱眉 frown on 不同意Renown 声誉 名望prominence 杰出,显著的位置authority 权威,专家,当局Intensify 加剧 enforce 迫使Feasible 可行的appropriate 合适的 apt 有倾向的,恰当的C

2、ountenance 面容,表情Hindrance 阻碍Patriotisms 爱国主义Reproach 斥责 beyond reproach 无可指责的reprehend 斥责Plague 瘟疫,灾难,磨练Avail 利用,效益,有利于avail oneself of sth 利用Indulge 沉溺于,放纵 indulge inLaudatory 颂扬的lascivious 好色的,淫荡的languish 憔悴的lethargic 昏睡的,无愤慨的Fill one s prescript给io某n 人开处方To be blame for 主动结构表示被动意义,不能采纳blame 的被动形式

3、Be charged with 被控告denounce 公然抨击Identical 同一的,完全相同的superficial 表面的,肤浅的At best 最多 al length 最终,具体的in bulk大量的,具体的in effect 实际上Get by 过得去,过活get around 出行Voluntarily自动的,以自由意识的compulsorily 强制的Eliminate 排除,剔除dispose 处理,处置exclude 排除extinguish 熄灭, 扑灭 abolish 对法律习俗的废止可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Accommodate 供应住宿

4、/房间,迎合,迁就furnish 供应生活或某种用途需要的东西Admit说服,一再追问下承认confess 坦白,招认concede 将就不得不承认Affiliate加入,成为的一部分Stretch 延展,延长stretch ones mind 绞尽脑汁reinforce 加固,增援Bewilder 使困惑,茫然perplex 使疑虑担心Compel 强迫,迫使,使用权力 /力气迫使Constrain 力劝,强迫 更强调内心的情感的迫使Force 强迫（暴力威逼） 常用被动语态Oblige （法律/习俗）强迫 常用被动语态Confinement 限制,囚禁restraint 克制,抑制Cred

5、ible 可信的,牢靠的credulous 轻信的plausible 好像可信Transcend 超出,超越（一般体会 /常识） 难以为大众懂得Feasible 可行的practicable 可行的practical 有用的pragmatic 有用的,务实的Refrain 抑制,禁止 不及物动词 正式 refrain from Restrain 限制 及物动词 restrain sb from doing sth constrain 限制,力劝 及物动词subordinate 次要的,从属的,下级的acquire 经过努力逐步获得的学问 /才能/习惯等attain 经过努力获得不曾预料的结果,

6、达到某一目标obtain 获得,买到,正式语体gain 通过较大努力获得某种利益或好处,或军事武力夺取adjust 微小的转变或技术调整amend 正式 修改法律文件等alter 使事物在外观/性质/用途方面稍作转变strive for superiority over their peers 力争优于同龄人plight 困境 polarization 极化,对立plague 磨练tentative 试验性的decisive 打算性的soar 飙升 mutate 突变plummet 暴跌 fluctuate 波动sophisticated 复杂的,世故的可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师

7、归纳总结shrink 收缩inscribe 雕刻 decorate 装饰 maintain 保持BIM equals body mass divided by the square of height.公式 BIM= 体重/身高的平方In essence 事实上in turn 依次Quality as 被认为Grounded in health concerns基于对健康的关注Around the corner 在拐角处,迫在眉睫,即将到来Take over 接管Withdraw 有“提款, 取款”的含义 funds are withdrawn from the issuer s accoun

8、ts.Cope with 处理,解决fight against 对抗,抵制Concern with 关怀,挂念concern for 关怀,对的关怀Control over 掌握,支配Take to 喜爱 take after 与相像take on 承担 take with 将带上Be capable of 能够Down-trodden 被压迫的Explosive population growth 人口爆炸A torrent of migration 移民潮By the turns of the century 在世纪之交Miracle 奇迹 miseries 痛楚,灾难Make life

9、less than complete 使人生不完整因果关系 thus 表示结果 for 表示缘由Utterly 非常,完全的arrogant 高傲 amusing episode 好玩的插曲drawn 疲乏的 whimsical 异想天开,奇怪edict 法令,告示Pass around by word of mouth 口头相传Improvise out of 即兴而发Deduce 推断,演绎Time-honored 历史悠久的An inflated ego 膨胀的自我pant 喘气,气喘吁吁的讲 pant to Brim 边缘 full to the brim满满当当sort out 整理

10、可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结For all that 尽管granted that 即使 despite the fact that 不管（引导让步状语从句）Conform to 遵照,服从Proponent 支持者,提倡者predecessor前辈belittle 贬低Improvisation 即兴创作dogged 顽固的prodigious 惊人的jettison 抛弃Elaborate 细心制作的watershed 分水岭,流域astounding 令人震动的Raucous 热闹的Dogmatic explanation 教条的说明indignant denial

11、愤慨的拒绝Enthusiastic praise 热忱的颂扬speculative study 思辨的讨论Proposition 命题 demographic 人口统计学Dropout 退出 groundless 毫无依据,莫须有Spectacularly 壮丽的Emit 排放 green house gases温室气体Protest 抗议 politicking政治活动Holistic整体的Be fascinated with sth. 对很是着迷In bad shape 一团糟pastime 消遣,消遣Live off住在外,靠生活A earn B s living A争钱养活 B, B

12、靠 A 养活Take in 接受,接待。吸取,懂得。包括。轻信。留意到。欺诈On the side 兼职,另外Contend 竞争,主见,声明Bring in 引进,带来,生产Multifarious五花八门Perception 感知,观念perspective 观点Miscellaneous 杂项 miscellaneous domains 多项领域For its own sake 为了其自己的利益pursuit 追求 knowledge pursuit Orient 东方的,标定方向,使成为东方oriented 导向的,定向的Career oriented aspect可编辑资料 - -

13、- 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Destination 目标 working skill-oriented destination Prevailing 盛行的,普遍的prevailing senseCradle 摇篮 nurture 培养,滋养be taken as the cradle to nurture dreams Chase up 追求survive in the fierce competition 在猛烈的竞争中生存下去broaden eyes 拓宽眼界satisfy the natural curiosity 满意奇怪心cultivate a creative mindexplo

14、re the answers for the meaning of life give rise tolead toprevail over 战胜 prevailing 流行 prevail 取胜,占优势,盛行prevail on/upon劝告,诱使I m not a believer in the agreement that practical need 实际需要offer satisfied answer to the practical need of each student a case in point 一个例子let alone 更不用说not to mentionfind t

15、hemselves in an awkward situation where invariably 不变的carry a duel role 扮演双层角色aroused by 激起,引起run into difficult遇到困难tackle 解决 to tackle this problemtake priority over 优先 take the upper hand 占上风business prosperity 商业富强indispensable 不行或缺的mutual 相互的mutual relationship between A and B take severe measur

16、es实行严格的措施adept 娴熟,内行,老手averse 不喜爱的,厌恶的affectation 假装,做作aptitude 才能,天资可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结denounce 告发,斥责renounce 正式舍弃pronounce 宣告,断言apprise 通知,告知appraise 评估,鉴定assent 同意 dissent 不同意ascent 上升 descent 下降retire 退休 retreat 后退,撤退 retract 收缩,收回 retard 推迟,迟缓 refrain抑制,禁止optimal 最优,正确oppressed 压迫的take pri

17、ority over 优先于segregation 种族隔离,分别specification 说明书subscription 捐献,订阅dispense 发放 dispose 处理 disperse 分散,驱散dispatch 调度,派遣contaminate 污染 culminate 达到高潮contract 合同incentive 勉励 fugitive 逃亡equality 公平 equation 方程式equivalent 等价物equity 公正concise 简洁的decisive 打算性的,坚决的decline 削减 incline 俯身 recline 躺下,靠reflect

18、反应 inflect 曲折变化deflect 偏离inflexible敏捷的affluent 富足的fluent 流畅的fluctuate 波动,欺侮affirm 坚决不移的确定或声称 assert 不管事实如何, 主观自信的宣称或清晰有利的支持 allege 无凭无据的情形下宣称确定 claim 要求声称,断言,多指依据某种规定提出的要求或主见aggravate 加重（负担,罪行,病情等） reinforce 增援,一般用于军队或警察活动detach 拆开组合的物体,远离,疏远divide 将整体分为如干部分ambiguous 意义模糊,有歧义的 指因字词句有歧义而使人感到模糊不清,难以懂得

19、和把握obscure 因光线不足而看不清,引申为语法文字记忆因复杂深奥模棱两可而使人难以懂得vague 含混不清晰的, 因规律不清言辞笼统而导致意义不清晰 轮廓外形不清晰unclear 句意字迹不清晰blame 责备,归咎于 blame sb for ding sthcondemn 声讨,用于正式庄重的场合reproach （书面语）批判,表不满scold 责骂,斥责可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结brittle 易碎的,易损坏的 指坚硬的东西 fragile 必需当心使用才不会碎的东西, 引申为体弱虚弱 frail 体弱的虚弱的 或东西易碎的 invalid 不正确的,无效的

20、boundary 边界,界线 多指作为界线的标志物 border 较宽的边缘 两国分界邻近边缘的带 frontier 边界,边疆 引申为未开发的领域 学术前沿 verge 道路花坛边缘,某事即将发生之际 on the verge of warbrief简明扼要简短的 时间短暂,办事利索,态度明白虽短却不失风光concise 简要精炼 保留主要部分curt 三言两语,简短的,草率的succinct 简明的,简洁的,简练的用词简练component 零部件（某事物）组成部分element 元素,组成部分,方面factor因素,要素ingredient 原料,成分,要素abide by 遵守,同意a

21、dhere to 遵守 conform to 遵守,符合comply with 遵守,听从（正式）comprise 包含,包括,组成compose 构成 be composed of 被动语态 consist构成 consist of 主动语态constitute 构成conserve 储存保藏爱护（节省）reserve 保留,储备 订座位preserve 爱护爱护保养continual 连续不断频繁时有发生continuous 连续不断的中间不停顿constant 不断常常始终如一的常常显现incessant 不停的连续不断的令人厌烦的不断显现 中间可能有停顿convert 转换,转变（观点

22、）invert 使颠倒反向（位置方向）revert 归仍, 回复原状transform 转变转变（外观,性质）reproach 批判 reprehend 斥责 plague 瘟疫灾难 磨练avail 有利于,利益avail sb of sth 利用 deprive 剥夺 indulge 放任,沉溺于at best 最多 at length 最终,具体的in bulk 整批,大批get by 过得去,过活get away 逃脱,离开get around 出行 get along 和谐相处 get through 被懂得 向讲清晰strive for 力争ascertain 查明plight 困境

23、 plague 瘟疫可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结tentative 临时的,试验性的soar 飙升 mutate 突变plummet 骤跌 fluctuate 波动negligent 懈怠的edible 食用的fabulous 难以置信的,惊人的,极好的disproportionate 不成比例的pass up 错过repeal 废止,撤销resent 怨恨clarity 透亮的slack 使缓慢shrill尖锐torrent 连续不断的tensile 拉长的textured 特点显著的wither 枯萎catastrophic 灾难性的by virtue of 由于,凭借

24、for the sake of 为了利益advent 到来,显现subsidize 资助cast a shadow over给罩上阴影soak to the skin 湿透chat away 闲谈in no mood 没心情in the course of 在的过程中in line with与一样be a match for 配得上,可匹敌的agree by 受到认同resonate with 得到回应none the better for it 不会由于变得更好,依旧如故to the core 完全的,完全的to the end 究竟in custody 法庭审判前 被拘留监禁in jeop

25、ardy 处于危急中in suspicion 被怀疑 in probation 被缓刑amount to 相当于contribute to 促使发生dedicate to 将（时间精力） 贡献给（工作事业）add to 增加recite prayers 诵经jointly-acquired property 共同获得的财产可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结by account 相反的insidious 埋伏的,阴险的thrive 兴盛,强壮成长humiliation羞辱 subtle 微妙的dozing off 打瞌睡self-reliant 独立的self-sufficienc

26、y 自给自足bleak 昏暗的,凄凉的depict 描画 trail 拖沓而行,跟在后面flinch back 退缩desolate 荒芜的bustling 繁忙的thriving 兴盛的fraudulent happiness 虚假的幸福fraudulent 欺诈的deluding 欺诈euphoric欣快的富强强盛 prosperity坎坷不平 rough惊天动的 earth-shaking高雅大方 elegant and graceful轻柔松软 soft and light立场坚决 firm in stand将四字词组译为介词 /副词/不定式短语 目光远大 broad in visio

27、n头脑灵敏swiftinwit业务娴熟qualifiedin profession 才华出众outstanding in talent 风格高尚 noble in character思想正确、办事公道 correct in their thinking and fair挑拨离间 foment dissensionfoment 煽动 dissension纠纷兴风作浪 stir up disorder纵目远眺 as far as sight could reach农夫工 migrant workersguest workers浪费无度 extravagant挥金如土 spend money lik

28、e water老黄牛 hard-working men水深火热 in deep water风驰电掣 as quick as lighting 捕风捉影 to run after shadows 人山人海 a sea of people摇唇鼓舌 to set tongues wagging可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结敲门砖 an open sesame Horizon 视野,眼界Publicize 宣扬丰富学问、开阔视野 enrich one s knowledge, broaden ones horizon留同学 overseas students人才流失 brain dr

29、ain汉语热 Chinese language craze据统计 according to statistics高等学校 institution of higher education开设汉语课程offer courses of Chinese language主要目的是 for the main purpose of从事贸易活动engage in trade activities 传达信息convey a message that 低碳生活 low carbon life削减二氧化碳排放 reduce the emission of carbon dioxide Expenditure 花费

30、,开销Conduct 行为,举止。实施be conducted in manner如今,这股风潮逐步在中国一些大城市兴起,不知不觉中转变了人们的生活方式Nowadays, this fashion prevails in some big cities of China, altering people lifse before they realize it.Practice 实行节省用电 save electricity塑料袋 plastic bags一次性产品 disposable products Disposable 一次性的,用后即弃的乘坐公共交通工具 take public tr

31、ansport节能环保 energy-efficient and environmental-friendly大大有利于 contribute tremendously to全球气候变换及环境恶化global warming and environment deterioration Inevitably 不行防止的Stick to traditional principles and beliefs Turn blind eye tokeep pace with可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Be labeled as 被贴上的标签mutual communication 相

32、互沟通Narrow the generation gap Pessimist 悲观者 optimist 乐观者gloomy 阴郁的distressing 惨的,令人痛心的Pessimistic 悲观的optimistic 乐观的Judge the situation from opposite perspective角度Bring into public view引入公众视野Engage in employment 从事就业Misconception 误会 hold the misconception Spoil their childrenEnrollment 注册,报名the expans

33、ion of university enrollment 高校扩招Flood into job-hunting market Take measures to实行措施Cultivate their children independenceTestify 证明Shoulder their obligation 承担他们的义务Real-estate 房的产Reconciled 调和,妥协consolidate 综合deteriorate 恶化Reconcile to 服从于be reconciled with sb 于某人和解reconcile sth with sth Interrupt 打断

34、某项正在进行的动作bother 打搅（语气较轻）interfere 未经答应/无权而阻碍,阻挡,干涉他人之事（语气较轻）intervene 介入,调停（语气重）Invocation 祈祷,符咒obsession 迷恋,困扰obsession with Vulnerable 易患病的allergic 过敏的Obsolete 过时的obscene 猥亵 oblique 斜的Provision 供应provisional 临时的sensational 轰动的sentimental 感情的, 多愁善感的Integral 完整的instinctive 直觉的intangible 难以懂得的 触摸不到的

35、无形的 ingenious 奇妙的 有独创性的可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Inside and out 完全的Practitioner 从业者forerunner 先行者,先驱Come to light 曝光,泄露Turn in 缩小 turn over 反过来turn up 找到,显现turn out 结果是Inertness 惰性光盘行动 “Clear Your Plate” Campaign Propose 建议 diner 用餐者 食客leftover 残余的,剩菜take leftover home 将剩菜打包回家全国粮食总产量 the national tota

36、l grain output人为灾难 man-made disasterRestraint 限制 without restraint 无限制,大肆饥饿至死 die of starvation资源短缺 shortage of resources Confronted with 面对Implement 实施 implement politics of Means doing sthRequire sb to do sth随着人们的生活水平和消费水平日益提高with the increasing development of people living standard and consumptio

37、n levelTrash cans 垃圾桶处理成本 disposing costEntertain 热忱款待 款待 消遣 entertain friends at home 去接近的景点游玩 take a trip to nearby tourist attractions 家庭预算紧急tight family budget出游成本不断攀升 rising travel cost节假日期间景区人山人海, 高速大路（expressway）、城市道路拥堵（ congestion）,是 促使他 们家中 度假 的 两大 缘由overcrowded touristsites, congestion of

38、expressways and city roads are the two major factors contributing to their staycation.Conspicuous 明显的,突出的可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Bottom line 底线 reduce their bottom line Rob a child of his/her childhood 掠夺From my own perspectivefor my partCeremoniously 郑重的gather ceremoniously 郑重集会Obligations 义务,债务（可数

39、名词） 履行权益与义务 perform the responsibilities and obligations建立社会主义制度 establish a socialist systemCorruption 腐败,贪污root out a corruption 根除腐败root out 根除,肃清Vigor 生气 vitality活力呈现生气与活力 display vigor and vitality Comprehensive 综合的,广泛的,有懂得力的comprehensive national strength增强综合国力competitiveness 竞争力增 强综 合国 力 和国 际

40、竞 争力enhance comprehensive national strength and international competitivenessEdge into 渐渐挤进,渐渐取得rank 等级,行列进入国际先进行列 edge into advanced ranks in the world解决温饱问题solve the problem of food and clothing与日俱增 increase every day实现夙愿 fulfill the long-cherished wishesfulfill履行（诺言）,达到（目的）Forge 锻造,捏造forge a peop

41、le s arm锻y造一支人民军队国防 national defense build a strong national defense 建立巩固的国防进行和谈 hold peace talks修改法律 amend the laws遵循规章 follow the principlesprinciple 原就,准就把理论与实际结合起来integrate theory with practice Rally 召集,集合增强凝结力 enhance the rally power Resume 连续,重新开头,摘要,概略,建立终止暴力,开头和平谈判end the violence and resume

42、 peace talksStrategic 战略性的readjustment 调整进行战略性调整 make strategic readjustment可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Backwardness 落后摆脱贫困与落后 get rid of poverty and backwardness Bring about 实现 实现进展富强bring about development and prosperityInfringement 侵害,违反,违反爱护妇女的权益不受侵害guarantee women s right against infringement把看作社会公

43、敌 look upon as a threat to society恐惧主义 terrorismTap 开发,吸取,割,轻声走,阀门,塞子Favor 欢心,支持,照料,促成开发/青睐中国市场tap/ favor the Chinese market有庞大潜力 have huge potential for 阻碍 handicap / hamperInvest 投资,调查,授予有望达到 be expected to reach造成很大压力pose a big pressure onAccount for 说明缘由,导致,引起（在数量 /比例上）占,对负责Occupy 占据,使用,从事占市场的 1

44、0%occupy /take /account for 10 percent of the market加快经济进展和结构调整speed up economic development and restructuring Anti-monopoly反垄断实行反垄断措施 take anti-monopoly measures to 加速努力 speed up efforts to建立分公司set up branches inPolicy 政策,策略 把列为基本国策 list as fundamental national policies发挥自身优势give full play to ones

45、gaedsvanta开拓市场 exploit market扩大消费市场expand consumption market扩大/缩小贫富差距expand /narrow the gap between the rich and the poor供应庞大商机present huge business opportunities赶超先进 surpass the advanced遵循市场经济的规律 follow the law of market economy可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Orientation 方向,定位,方针,任职培训gear 接上,调和,使适应依据市场做出调整

46、 gear oneself to the market orientation牟取暴利 seek excessive profitsexcessive 过分的,极度的提高公务员工资 raise the salaries of civil servants运算出精确的工资水平figure out an exact salary level从国外引进先进技术和治理体会introduce from abroad the advanced technology and management expertise优胜劣汰 select the superior and eliminate the inferior下岗职工 laid-off workers通货膨胀 inflation缺失惨重 suffer great losses制造假象 create smoke screens to