高三英语语法复习.docx

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1、精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结2021-2021 高三英语语法复习专题五动词时态和语态时态 （ Tense） 一、学问精要汉语的时态大多是通过副词来表达的，而英语的时态是靠动词的变化和时间状语来表达的。英语中共有16 种时态，常用的有8 种（见下面表格中的黑体部分）。此外，将来进行时，将来完成时，现在完成时，过去完成时也比较常用（见下面表格斜体部分）。所以备战高考应在把握大纲规定的八种时态基础上，也要兼顾这四种。现在过去将来过去将来一般一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时（一般）过去将来时进行

2、现在进行时过去进行时将来进行时过去将来进行时完成现在完成时过去完成时将来完成时过去将来完成时完成进行现在完成进行时过去完成进行时将来完成进行时过去将来完成进行时以 Play 为例，各类时态的表现形式为：现在过去将来过去将来一般playsplayedwill playwould play进行is/are playingwas/wereplaywillbeplayingwouldbeplaying完成have/has playedhadplayedwillhaveplayedWouldhave played have/hasbeen（一）一般体1、“一般现在时”主要表示：（ 1）常常发生或反复发生

3、的动作。（常用 often, sometimes, usually, always, twice a month, every week,occasionally 等状语连用） 。She always takes a walk in the evening. I do some exercise every day.(2) 现在的情形或状态。She knows French and German besides English. Some people still live in poverty.(3) 永恒的真理。The earthmoveroundthesun. Metalexpand w

4、hen heated.考点拓展：以下情形下，常使用一般现在时：1 表示按方案或时间表要发生的事情： When does the play being.The planetake off at 9:10 a.m.2 在时间或条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来的动作或状态，主句常用一般将来时： Ill tell her when shecome tomorrow.We wont go itrain.3 剧情介绍：In My Fairlady,Elizabe the young and beautiful flower girl with poor English pronunciation.2、

5、一般过去时（ 1） 表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。（ 常同 yesterday, last week ,just now, the other day ,at that time等状语连用。 ）The foreign guests visited Nanjing last spring. Im sorry, but I didn t recognize you just now.（ 2）表示过去习惯动作。When she was there, she often went to the supermarket. Sometimes we heatedly discussed these pr

6、oblems.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结完成进行playedhadbeen playingwill have been playedwould have been playing二、考点清单注：语境中的一般过去时，往往表示“刚刚，在过去”之意，示意“现在已不再这样”。3、一般将来时（ 1）基本形式：will + do, 表示现在看以后要发生的动作或存在的状态。也可表示事物固有的属性或必定趋势。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 8 页 -

7、- - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结My father will come back next week. Fishdie without water.2 其他表达法 be going to ,表示准备做某事或即将发生某事。He is going to buy her some flowers.It s going to rain soon. be to do ,表示即将发生某事，支配或要求做某事。She is to be ma

8、rried next month.表示“应当，必需，准备”等。You are not to smoke in the office.Youstay here until we return. 你要待在这里直到我们回来。考点拓展： be to blame ：表示该受批评。应对某事负责任，用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义，例如：Which driverfor the accident. be about to,表示即将发生某事，句中不行以用表示将来时间的状语。判定正误：The talk is about to begin.The talk is about to begin in five minu

9、tes.考点拓展：be about to do 常常与 when：并列连接词连用， 表示“刚要这时 （突然）”翻译下句：我刚要动身，这时突然下起雨来。. be due to :预期They are due to leave at two o clock. 他们定于两点钟动身。She is due to graduate next summer. 她将于明年暑假毕业。4 、一般 过去将来时(1) 这个时态也是一个相对的时态，主要表示从过去某时看将来要发生的事情，He was sixty eight. Two years later he would be seventy.2 “ would +

10、动词原形”可用来表示过去习惯性的动作。Whenever he had time, he would help them in their work.【本节题组训练】用所给动词的适当形式填空： Your baby is too thin. It could gain weight, but itmot eat much. It won t be long before such a thinghappen again. Nancy is not coming tonight. But shepromise.（二）进行体1、现在进行时(1) 表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事情。It is

11、snowi9ng outside.She is learning English at college.(2) 与 always, forever, constantly等副词连用，带有厌烦，赞扬等感情颜色。Jim is always coming late for class. She is always reading novels.(3) 表示将来的动作，多指已经方案好的事情。Im flying to Hong Kong tomorrow.Imeet Peter tonight. He s taking me to the theater.考点拓展：以事物作主语时，多用于一般现在时表示按

12、方案支配的活动。The plane takes off at 9:30.以人作主语时，多用现在进行时表示方案要做的事。They are getting married next month.考点拓展： 1 be 一般不用于进行时态，但有时可以这样用表示一时的表现。Bob is being silly. Bob这样做真愚蠢。Am I being too merciful.我这样是不是太慈爱了？2 现在进行时也可用在时间和条件状语从句中表示将来的情形。If she is still waiting, tell her to go home.You can do some reading while

13、 youwaitfor the train.2、过去进行时（ 1）表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作。What were you doing at nine last night.At that time she was working in a laboratory.（ 2）用过去进行时有时又感情颜色，常搭配always, forever, constantly等。She was always ringing me up/ （表示厌烦）He was constantly changing his mind. （表示厌烦或不以为然）3、将来进行时表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作。Dont call

14、me tomorrow. I will be sleeping at that time .Istudy law in New York at this time of next year.此外，将来进行时仍可以表示支配要做的事情或估计会发生的事情。口语中用的较多He will be taking an important exam next week. He won t be coming to the party.学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料wor

15、d 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -2、过去完成时可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结【本节题组训练】用所给动词的适当形式填空： Youalways watch TV . Why not to do something more active. Listen. The couplequarrel in the room.三 完成体（ 1 ） 现在完成时表示动作在过去，这件事往往与现在有联系。 （常用的时间状语有：just, already, yet , so far , recently ,ever 等）I ve lost my key. （可能是现在无

16、法进屋了）He hasnt come back yet. 可能是我们仍在等他（ 2 ） 表示从过去开头， 始终连续到现在的动作或状态。（常与 since, in the last few years, over the past two months 等连用）They have been friends since childhood.Isee little of her in the past two years.（ 3 ） 表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经受。 常用的时间状语有twice, ever, never, three times, before 等。I ve ne

17、ver seen her so angry before.This is the most delicious cake Iever have.（ 4 ）在条件、时间、让步等状语从句中，表示将来某时间以前已完成的动作。I will go with you as soon as I have finished my work.I will not believe you unless I have seen it with my own eyes.（ 5 ）It /That / This is the first / secondtime that从句。 That 从句谓语动词用现在完成时。I

18、feel so excited because it is the first time that Ibe here.考点拓展：（1） have gone to 和 have been to 的 差 别 ： have gone 表示到某的去了，因此人仍在那里： The kids have gone to the zoo. （他们仍在动物园） Where has Mary gone. （仍没回来）have been to 表示去过某的。I have been to Europe several times.（ 1）表示过去某时前或过去的某个动作前发生的动作或情形（也可说是“过去的过去”）By t

19、he end of June they had treated 30,000 patients.The playalready start when we got to the theatre.（ 2）使用过去完成时的一些常见情形： 用于宾语从句中（特殊是间接引语中） ： He said he had been in China for over ten years. I heard they had made an important discovery. 用于定于从句中：She showed me the pictures she had painted.Peter, whowait fo

20、r an hour, was very angry when his sister turned up. 用 于 than 或as引导的从句中：We didnt get along as well as we had hoped.We finished the work than weexpect. 用于两个常用句型的主句中：hardly scarcelywhen, no soonerthan, 表示“刚一就”。She had hardly gone to bed when the bell rang. 或 Hardly had she gone to bed when the bell ra

21、ng. It /That / This is the first / secondtime that 从句。 That 从句谓语动词用现在完成时。It was the third tine that hemake the same mistake. intend, mean, expect, want, hope, plan, think, wish 等动词的过去完成时可以表示原来准备做或期望做而没有做的事。I had intended to call on yesterday, but someone came to see me when I was about to leave.Ihop

22、e that you would come and spend the night with us, but you were too busy.【留意】过去完成时是一个相对时态，只有和过去某时间或动作相比较时才能用到该时态。试比较：Most of the guestsleave when we arrived at the party. Heplay basketball for many years when he was young.3、将来完成时（2）有 since 引导的从句的时态：有 since 引导的从句用过去式，主句谓语动词用现在完成时“We have been close f

23、riends since we met at school.当表示“有多少时间”时，主句谓语也可用一般现在时：It s/ It has been two years since we left home.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料

24、名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -高考真题1. Hurry up.MarkandCarl us. 2021北京A

25、. expectB. are expectingC. have expectedD. will expect2. I felt very tired when I got home, and I straight to bed.【2021 重庆】A. goB. wentC. had goneD. have gone3. The famous musician, as well as his students, to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2021 Taipei Flower Expo.（ 2021 福建）A. were invitedB.

26、 was invitedC. have been invitedD. has been invited4. The girl has a great interest in sport and _badminton classes twiceaweek over the lastthree years.（2021 福建）A. tookB. is takingC. takesD. has been taking5. Around two oclock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat us.A. bothe

27、rsB. had botheredC. would botherD. bothered6. Ifnothing ， the oceans will turn into fish deserts. 2021 湖南A doesB had been doneCwill doDis done7. I don t understand why you didnt go to the lecture yesterdayafternoon.A. had doneB. was doingC. would doD. am doing8. -Could I use your car tomorrow mornin

28、g.-Sure. Iareportathome.A. will be writingB. will have writtenC. have writtenD. have been writing可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结9. -What about your self-drive tri

29、p yesterday.-Tiring. The road is being widened, and wea rough ride.A. hadB. haveC. would haveD have had10. Wevery early so we packed the night before.A. leaveB. had leftC. were leavingD. have left11. -Oh no. Were too late. The train.-Thats Ok. Well catch the next train to London.A. was leavingB. had

30、 leftC. has leftD. has been leaving12. The water supply has been cut off temporarily because the workersone of the main pipes.A. had repairedB. have repairedC. repairedD. are repairing13. When I first met Bryan I didnt like him, but Imy mind. 13 新课标 I 卷A. have changedB. changeC. had changedD. would

31、change14. -I remember you were a talented pianist at college. Can you play the piano for me.-Sorry, I _ the piano for years.A. dont playB. wasnt playingC. havent playedD. hadnt played15. Close the door of fear behind you, and you_ the door of faith open before you.A. sawB. have seenC. will seeD. are

32、 seeing16. Food supplies in the flood-stricken area _.We must act immediately before theres left.A. have run outB. are running outC. have been run outD. are being run out17. I feel so excited. At this time tomorrow morning Ito Shanghai.A. will be flyingB. will flyC. have been flyingD. have flown18.

33、-Did you catch what I said.-Sorry. I _ a text message just now.A .had answeredB. have answeredC. would answerD. was answering19. In many people s opinion， that company，though relatively small ， is pleasant A to deal withB dealing withCto be dealt withDdealt with20. By the time you have finished this

34、 book, your meal _ cold.A. getsB. has gotC. will getD. is getting21. George said that he would come to school to see me the next day ,but he.A. wouldntB. didntC. hasntD. hadnt22. The manager the workers how to improve the program since 9 am.A. has toldB. is tellingC. has been tellingD. will have tol

35、d23. - Did you ask Sophia for help.-I need to I managed perfectly well on my own. AwouldntBdontCdidntD wont24. The three of us around Europe for about half a month last summer.A. travelledB. have travelledC. had travelledD. travel25. I had been working on math for the whole afternoon and the numbers

36、 before my eyes.A. swimB .swumC. swamD. had swum26. Life is like walking in the snow, Granny used to say, because every step.”A. has shownB. is showingC. showsD. Showed.27. - Alivin, are you coming with us.- Id love to, but something unexpected .A. has come upB. was coming upC. had come upD. would c

37、ome up28. The manager is said to have arrived back from Paris where he some European business partners.A. would meetB. is meetingC. meetsD. had met29. In order to find the missing child, villagers _ all they can over the past five hours.A. didB. doC. had doneD. have been doing30. Planning so far ahe

38、ad _ no senseso many things will have changed by next year.A. madeB. is makingC. makesD. has made31.I wasnt sure if he was really interested or if he polite .A. was just beingB. will just beC. had just beenD. would just be32. -That must have been a long trip.-Yeah. It us a whole week to get there.A.

39、 takesB. has takenC. tookD. was taking33. -Bob has gone to California.-Oh, can you tell me when he .A. has leftB. leftC. is leavingD. would leave 34 On her next birthday, Ann married for twenty years.A. isB. has beenC. will beD. will have been35. Im sure you will do better in the test because you so

40、 hard this year.A. studiedB. had studiedC. will studyD. have been studying36. She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the children everything. A had been eatingB had eatenC have eatenD have been eating37. By the time Jack returned home from England, his son from college.A. graduatedB. has gradua

41、tedC. had been graduatingD. had graduated38. -we have spent too much money recently.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结-well, it isntsurprisin

42、g ,Our friend and relatives around all the time.A are comingB had comeC were comingD have been coming39. You have failed to do what you to and Im afraid the teacher will blame you.A. will expectB. will be expectedC. expectedD. were expected40. -When shall we restart our business.-Not until we our plan.A. will finishB. are finishingC. are to finishD. have finished五、模拟试题1、It five or ten years before the new medicine is tested on human beings.A. will takeB. tookC. takesD. has taken 2、Jonny, I c