高中英语时态总结精编版.docx

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1、精品名师归纳总结英语时态一般时态：可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结时态名称结构常连用的词基本用法可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结一般现在时1. be动词用am/is/are,后接 n./a./prep.2. 行为动词用v. 或 v.-s 、-es.often; usually; every; sometimes; always; never; seldom;once/twice/ a week/month/year;onSundays/Mondays/ .;1) 表示现在存在的习惯,常常发生的动作或存在的状态。.He takes a walk after sup

2、per every day.The children go to school at seven everymorning.2) 表示主语的特点、性格、才能等。.The children draw well.Does she like sports.3) 表示客观事实或普遍真理。.The sun rises in the east.Two plus two makes four.Knowledge is power.4 ）在时间、条件状语从句中表示将来的动作。.When they leave school, they will go to workin Tibet.If You see him

3、, will you tell him to ring me.Well visit the cotton mill if it is fine tomorrow.5 ）表示支配或方案好的将来的动作 一般只限于某些表示移动的动词, 如 go ,come ,arrive, leave,begin, start 等 ,这种支配很固定,不易转变。.The train starts at ten oclock in the morning.The film begins in a minute.When does the Japanese Youth delegation leave forXi an.

4、可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结一般过去时1 be 动词用过去式 was 或were表示。2.行为动词用V-ed 。yesterday;the day before yesterday; lastweek/month/year/ .; ago;a moment ago; just now;on/in+过去的时间 ;1) 表示过去的动作或状态.We had a good swim last Sunday.She suddenly fell ill yesterday.2) 表达过去连续发生的一件件事。.He got up early

5、 in the morning,fetched water,swept the yard and then went out to work.3) 表示过去一段时间内常常或反复发生的动作。.When my brother was a teenager, he played table tennis almost every day.It used to be difficult to get drinking waterhere.其他用法：(1) 在宾语从句中,由于时态呼应的关系,可用一般过去时表示现在 ：.Ididn tknowyouwerehere.我不知道你在这儿。 were实际上指现在

6、 .I didnt know you were so busy我没想到你这么忙。 were实际上指现在 (2) 表示客气委婉的现在 ：.I wondered if you were free this evening.不知您今晚是否有空。.I thought you might like some flowers.我想您或许想要些花。【注】能这样有的动词主要限于want,wonder,think, hope, intend等少数动词。(3) 用于某些特殊结构中 :.It s time we started.我们该动身了。.I wish I knew his name.要是我知道他的名字就好了。

7、.I d rather you lived closer to us.我期望你能住得离我们近点。【注】该用法主要用于it shightime,Iwish,I d rather, if only, as if, as though等少数结构后接从句 的情形。(4) 表主观想法的虚拟条件句也用一般过去时表示现在：.If I had the money now Id buy a car.假如我现在有钱,我就买辆小汽车。(5) 当主句中的谓语动词是现在完成时,since引导的从句用一般过去时。.I have lived in the house since I came to the city.Gre

8、at changes have taken place since I visitedthe city.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结1. will+v.2.is/am/are+going to+V,表示方案准备做什么事。tomorrow,the day after tomorrow; soon;next week/month/year/.; the week/month/year/. after next;on/in +将来的时间。in+ 一段时间。 .1) 表示将来的动作或状态。.My daughter will be tw

9、elve years oldtomorrow.The indoor swimming pool will be open to the public from October 16.2) 表示将来常常发生的动作。.We shall work in this factory every day.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结一般将来时其他形式1) be going to + v. 多用于口语中,常表示准备、即将、决心去做的事或可能要发生的事。如：.We are going to visit the Museum of Chinese History.我们要去参观中国历史博物馆。

10、 表准备 .Tom studies very hard. He is going to try for a scholarship.汤姆学习特别努力,他将争取获得奖学金。 表决心 .Look at those clouds. Its going to rain.瞧那些云,要下雨了。 表估量可能 .The wall is going to collapse.那墙要倒塌了 . 即将 2) go, come, leave, start等表示移动的动词, 可用现在进行时来表示即将发生的动作。.She is going to the dentist tomorrow because she is hav

11、ing a toothache.Im coming.3) be about to + v. 表示即将发生的动作。如：.The English evening is about to begin.英语晚会即将开头。.We are about to leave, so there is no time to visit him now.我们就要离开了,所以现在没有时间去看他。4) be to do 表示支配或方案好了的动作等。如：.The boys are to go to school next week.这些男孩子下周要上学了。.He and I are to meet at the Shan

12、ghai Railway Station.他和我商定在上海火车站见面。.Im to be home before midnight.我午夜前回家。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结过去将来时was/weregoing to +V原形would +V原形表示对于过去某一时间而言将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常用在宾语从句中。.They wanted to know when you would finish the article.We asked him where we should go to work next week.可编辑

13、资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结其他形式进行时态：时态.I was told that the press conference was to be held the next day.I was about to leave when it began to rain.He told me he was leaving soon.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结结构常连用的词主要用法名称可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结现在进行 is/am/are+V-ingnow 。at present;1) 表示此时

14、此刻 说话人说话时 正在进行的动作。. What are you doing.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结时at the moment;Look.放在句首 ; Listen. 放在句首 ; Im doing some washing.Look. It is snowing.2) 表示现阶段正在进行着的动作,虽然此时此刻这个动作可能并不在进行。.He is working on a paper.They are compiling a dictionary.3) 有时可表示将来发生的动作,有 意图 或 准备 的含义 用于go ,

15、 come , stay , leave , start等表示移动的动词 。.They are taking the children to the zoo on Sunday. What are you doing next Sunday. Im going on a picnic with my wife and daughter.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结过去进行 was/were+V-ing时at that time; at this timeyesterday; at+ 时间点+yesterday/lastnigh

16、t; at that moment;1表示过去一段时间正在发生的动作。.I was practicing the violin at eight oclockyesterday evening.She was reading an English magazine when I came in.2 ）表示移动的动词go ,come ,start,stay ,leave等的过去进行时,可以表示过去将来发生的动作。.They wanted to know when we were leaving for Shanghai.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎

17、下载精品名师归纳总结将来at this time +将来时间进行 will/shall be v-ing点时1） ）表示在将来某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。.This time tomorrow I shall be flying to Guangzhou.What will you be doing at eight tomorrow morning.2） ）表示将来被客观情形所打算的动作或者根据支配将要发生的动作。.Well be having tea after dinner as usual.The leaves will be falling soon.可编辑资料 - - - 欢

18、迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结过去将来 should/would be进行 v-ing时完成时态：时态1) 表示在过去的将来的某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。.He asked me what I should be doing at ten the next day.They said that they would be expecting us the nextweek.2) 表示在过去某一时间之后即将或按方案进行的动作。.He said he could not come because he would be having a meeting

19、.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结结构常连用的词主要用法名称可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结现在完成时have/has+p.p （过去分词）already 。just 。 before; yet 否定句中 。 ever 。 never 。since + 时间点。since+ 一段时间 +ago;1 表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚完成,汉语常用 了 或 过 来表示。.We have already set up many new factories in this area.The new books have not arrived yet.Many weste

20、rners have never seen a giant panda.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结by+ 现在时间。 so far; up to now; till now; until now; recently/lately;2 ）仍可表示动作发生在过去,并且始终连续到现在, 甚至仍可能连续连续下去。. How long have you been in Beijing . I have been in Beijing for four years.Three years have passed since we lef

21、t school.Up to now, I have finished two-thirds of the work.3 ）在条件、时间状语从句中表示将来某个动作发生之前已完成的动作。.Perhaps Ill know more English after I have learnt it for two years.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结特殊留意：1. This is It is the first /second time that 句型中,常用现在完成时。但在“It was the second time that ”中,也能用过去完成时。.This is th

22、e second time that I have seen the film.That was the third time that I had visited the place.2. It is has been since句型中,主句常用现在完成时,从句用一般现在时。.It is（ has been） three years since I began to work on the state farm.buyhaveborrowkeepcatch/get a coldhave a coldcome / arrive/reach/get tobebecomebegobeput onw

23、earjoinbe ingo to schoolbe a studentdiebe deadbegin/startbe onleavebe awayfall asleepbe asleepopenbe openclose/shutbe closedendbe overmarrybe married.He has come back for three weeks. .He has been back for three weeks. .The writer has died for two years. .The writer has been dead for two years. He h

24、as left for 6 days. .He has been away for 6 days. 3. 在完成时中,一个瞬时性动词不能和表示一段时间的状语（for, since, how long等）连用,此时必需将该瞬时动词改为连续性动词或状态动词。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结过去完成 had + p.p（过去分词）时过去的过去：by+ 过去的时间。表“过去某动作或时间以1) 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前业已完成的动作。.By the end of last week we had learned ten les

25、sons.In the exhibition he saw many oil paintings that he had可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结前”的时间状语。never seen before.2) 表示由过去某一时间开头,始终连续到过去另一时间的动作。.It rained yesterday after it had been dry for many months.He said that great changes had taken place in hishometown since 1980.3) 常用语 no sooner than 和 hardly s

26、carcely when 句型的主句中,从句用一般过去时。（倒装）.No sooner had he reached home than it began to rain.他一到家,就开头下雨了。.He had hardly got on the train when the train started out.他刚上火车,火车就开了。4) 在 would rather, would prefer等后面的从句中,假如表示过去的动作或情形,用过去完成时。.I d rather you had been here yesterday.要是你昨晚在这就好了。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归

27、纳总结将来完成 will/shall时have + p.p过去将来 should/would 完成 have + p.p 时完成进行时时态by + 将来时间by the time +将来时间表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成的动作。.By the end of this week, I shall have finished the book.The children will have gone to sleep by the time we get home.When you come tonight at eight oclock, I shall havewritten my paper.

28、表示在过去的将来的某一时间以前已经完成的动作。.He said he would have paid back the money by the end of the week.We told him that we should have returned to the campby four oclock.I hoped she would have finished the work before I got back.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结结构主要用法名称可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结现在完成 have/has been +进行 v-ing时

29、表示动作从过去某一时间开头始终连续到现在。现在这个动作可能已经终止,也可能仍旧在进行着。.I have been waiting for you for two hours.He has been working on the paper all day.-How long have you been learning English.-I have been learning English for two years.留意：有些不能用现在进行时态的动词,如be , have , like ,love ,know,see ,hear等,同样也不能用现在完成进行时,而只能用现在完成时。.She

30、 has been ill for a long time.I have not seen you for ages.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结过去完成进行时专项练习had been +V-ing表示动作在过去某一时间之前开头并连续到过去这个时间,这一动作可能仍在进行,也可能已经停止。.The baby had been crying for fifteen minutes when her mother came in.The teacher had been teaching for forty years bythe

31、time he retired.It seemed to her that the boys had been shouting for a long time.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结1. a concert next Saturday.A. There will beB. Will there beC. There can beD. There are2. It s good to see you again, Agnes. This has been our first chance to visit sincefrom Iran.A. you returnB.

32、you returnedC. you have returnedD. returning3. If it tomorrow, we lloglloerr-skating.A. isn t rainB. won t rainC. doesn t rainD. doesn t fine4. The reporter said that the UFOeast to west when he saw it.A. was travelingB. traveledC. had been travelingD. was to travel5. Sorry, I cant open the door, fo

33、r Ithe keyto it.A. lostB. loseC. had lostD. have lost6. “ What s the matter, Ali. You look sad.”“ Oh, nothing much. As a matter of fact, Iof my friends back home.”A. just thoughtB. have just been thinkingC. was just thinkingD. have just thought7. Did you expect Frank to come to the party. No, but I

34、had hoped.A. him comingB. him to comeC. that he comesD. that he would come8. Bob must be very wealthy. Yes, hemore in one day than I do in a week.A. has been earnedB. had earnedC. earnsD. has earned9. I first met Lisa three years ago. Sheat a radio shop at the time.A. has workedB. was workingC. had

35、been working D. had worked10. Sheher keys in the office so she had to wait until her husbandhome.A has left; comesB had left; would comeC had left; cameD left; had come11. Zhao Lanalready in this school for two years.A. was ; studyingB. will ; studyC. has ; studiedD. are ; studying12. - Mr Gorden as

36、ked me to remind you of the meeting this afternoon . Don t forget it .-OK. I.A. wontB. dontC. willD. do13. When I reached home, my parentstheir supper.A. are havingB.have already hadC.have hadD. had already had14. Shein this schoolthe past ten years.A. was teaching, sinceB. had been teaching, sinceC

37、.would teach, forD. has been teaching, for15. I first met Tom 10 years ago. Hein a radio factory at that time.A. had workedB. has workedC. was workingD. has been working16. - Whatwhen I phoned you.- Imy work, and I wanted to go out.A. have you done; finishedB. were you doing; have finished可编辑资料 - -

38、- 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结C. did you do; had just finishedD. were you doing; had just finished17. I used to drink a lot of tea but these days Icoffee.A. preferB. preferredC. had preferredD. am preferring18. Jim talked for about half an hour yesterday. Neverhim talk so much.A. I heardB. did I hearC. I had heardD

39、. had I heard19. Hearticles for our wall-newspaper these three years, and heabout forty articles.A. has been writing; has writtenB. had been writing; wroteC. is writing; has been writingD. has written; has written20. When he was alive, the old scientist used to say that knowledgefrom practice and he

40、 gained his experience by doing a lot of practical work.A. was comingB. had comeC. comesD. would come21. - How are you planning to travel to Shanghai.- Iyet, but Itaking a train.A. didn t decide; am consideringB. haven t decided; considerC. haven t decided; am consideringD. hadn t decided; have cons

41、idered22. -Who s the man over there.- It s Jack.- Oh.in Italy.A. I think he sB. I ve thought he s beenC. I thought hewasD. I d thought he d been23. I thought Jim would say something about his school report, but heit.A. doesn t mentionB. hadn t mentionedC. didn t mention D. hasn t mentioned24. How lo

42、ngeach other before theymarried. For about a year.A. have they known; getB.did they know; get C.do they know; are going to getD.had they known; got25. We would like to go and thank him ourselves, but weout his address yet,A. haven t foundB.hadn t foundC.didn t findD.don t find26. Shirley a book about China last year but I don t kneor wshwehheaths finished