高二英语必修四课文详解及习题练习.docx

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1、精品名师归纳总结1respect: n.v. 敬重，敬重e.g We should respect each other.我们应当相互敬重respectful:敬重的，对人有礼的respectable; 受/ 被人敬重可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结e.g He is a respectful student. He respects the teachers他.他敬重老师。是个对人有礼貌的同学，可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结He is respectable teacher. He is respected b

2、y all his studen他ts是.他全部同学都敬重他。个受人敬重的老师，可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结2inspire勉励，勉励。给予灵感inspire sb. to do 勉励某人做某事inspiredadj 有灵感的inspiring adj.勉励人心的inspiration: n.灵感e.g He tried to inspire them to make greater efforts.他试着勉励它们做出更大努力。eg. His speech inspired us greatly.他的演讲大大的勉励了我们。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结eg

3、. The memory of his childhood inspired his first novel他.一部小说。对童年的记忆促成了他第可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结3support : v. 承担。支撑。抚养，资助。赞成，支持。supporter: n.支持者e.gDo you think those shelves can support so many books你.认为那些架子能承担这么多书吗？可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结She needs a high income to support such a large family她.家子。需

4、要高收入来养活这一大可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Do you support their demands of independence. 你支持他们独立的要求吗？可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结e.g I.m a strong supporter of women.s rights我.是女权的剧烈支持者。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结4deliver: v. 传送。把 .踢向。发表，宣布。给接生delivery: n.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结e.g Letters are delivered every day信.

5、件每天都会传送。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结She delivered a hard kick to his knee她.狠狠的踢了他膝盖一下。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结The doctor delivered her baby.医生给她接生。5mean 的用法mean doing sth.意味着做mean to do sth准备做某事 eg. Doing such a thing means wasting time.做这样的事儿就是铺张时间eg. Do you mean to go without m

6、oney. 没有钱你也准备走吗？可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结6wander 的用法1）可以说明为闲逛，逛，常与about 搭配e.g We love wandering about the hills 我们喜爱在山上闲逛。2）仍可以说明为脱离，迷失e.gDon.t wander off the point不要离题。7“Only + 状语”开头的句子要用倒装eg. Only in this way can we learn English bette只r. 有用这种方法才能把英语学更好。Only then did I realize my mistake. 直到那时我才知道我

7、的错误8work out 算出。进行。进展。懂得，说出。制定，拟定eg. I can.t work out the meaning of the poem.我不懂得这首诗的意思。Things have worked out badly. 事情进展得很糟糕。work out his income. 算出他的收入work out a plan制定方案9have/ has been doing 现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去就已开头，始终连续到现在，可能仍会连续下去可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结eg. He has been reading since this morning今.

8、早起，他始终在看书可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结He is very tired; he has been working hard all day 他. He has been writing a letter.他始终在写信He has written a letter.他已写过信了很累，他一成天都在努力工作可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结IIReadingA STUDENT OF AFRICAN WILDL非IF洲E 野生动植物同学It is 5:45 am and the sun is just risin

9、g over Gombe National Park in East Africa.早上5:45 分，太阳冉冉升起在东非的贡贝国家公园上， 【注释： Gome National Park贡贝国家公园， 位于东非的坦桑尼亚。 冈贝最常见的其他哺乳动物是灵长类。 人们从 20 世纪 60 岁月开头， 就始终对它们进行讨论， 发觉橄榄树狒狒最为常见， 常常成群结队在海边留恋， 而红尾猴和疣猴就始终以森林作为自然篷幛， 疣猴常常遭受黑猩猩的追猎。 】 Following Janewsay of studying chimps, our group are all可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师

10、归纳总结going to visit them in the forest按.照詹尼讨论黑猩猩的方法，我们这群人都将看到可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结森林中的黑猩猩。【注释： following Janes way of studying ch是im现ps在分词作状语。】 Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结understand how much they behave like humans詹.尼讨论黑猩猩家族已有很

11、多年了，可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结她帮忙人们懂得黑猩猩怎样像人类一样的行为表现。【注释： behavevi.行为或举止表现 eg.He has behaved well at school他.在学校表现良好。2工作eg.How is the new engine behaving.新的引擎运行得如何. 】 Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.观看黑猩猩一家起床是我们当天的第一项活动。【注释： watching a family of chimps wake up是动名词短

12、语作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数式形式。另外动词不定式、 名词从句作主语谓语动词均为第三人称单数式形式。 】 This means going back to the place where we left the family可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结sleeping in a tree the night before这.就意味着：在前天夜里就要走回到我们让黑猩可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结猩在树上睡觉的的方。 【注释： mean doing sth.意味着eg.These new orders for our manufactures will m

13、ean working overtime. 这些订购我们产品的新订单意味着要加班。Mean to do sth. 准备做某事eg.I mean to stay here, if I can.如是能留下 , 我想留在这儿。mean to对来说很重要eg.1 Having my familyaround me means happiness to me家.人同我在一起就意味着幸福。2 The smellmeans dinner to the dog. 对狗来说 , 这气味意味着进食 .3 These symbols mean nothing to me.我完全不明白这些符号是什么意思。4 He m

14、eans no harm toanyone.他无意损害任何人。meanadj.吝啬的，小气的Hes too mean to make a donation.他很小气 , 不愿捐款。】Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off. 当黑猩猩一家开头醒来要离可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -开的时候，大家在树下坐着等着。 【注释： whileconj. 1在期间

15、 , 当的时候; 与同时 While in prison, he wrote his first novel.他在狱中写出了第一部小说。(2) 而，然而（表示对比）eg.One person wants out, while the other wants the relationship to continue. 一人想就此了断，而另一人想连续保持这种关系。3虽 然，尽管eg.While I wouldnt recommend a night-time visit, by day the area is full of interest.虽然我不建议夜间游玩，但是在白天，这个的区很有玩头。m

16、ove off可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结离开。死。畅销eg.1 Check your mirrors before you move off开.车前留意看看可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结反光镜。2 Farmers are rapidly moving off the land农. 民正快速离开土的。】 Then可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结we follow as they wander into the forest然.后，当他们漫游到森林里， 我们便跟着。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Most of the tim

17、e, chimps either feed or clean each other as a way of showing love in their family.大多数情形下，黑猩猩们要么进食，要么相互清洁，在家族里这是作为一种表达爱的方式。【注释：eitheror 要 么要么eg.Either I accompanyyou to your room or I wait here.要么我陪你去你的房间，要么我在这儿等。】 Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and

18、 she isright.詹尼预先告知我们到下午我们将会很累很脏，她说的对。【注释：warn sb. that预报：预先通知或告知：eg.They called and warned me that they might bedelayed.他们打来电话，预先告知我他们可能耽搁一会儿。 warn sb. of sth.警告某人当心某事。 warn sb. not to do sth.警告某人不要做某事。 】 However, the evening makes it all worthwhile. 然而，晚上使得这一切都值得。【注释：worthwhileadj.值得做的 , 值得出力的(1)

19、be well worth doing sth. 很值得做某事eg.The book is well worth reading of sth. 值得，配得上eg,The book is worthy of $50.(2) be worthyof being doneeg.The book is worthy of being read可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结to be done值得做eg.The book is worthy to be read可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结(3) It is worthwhiledoing sth.eg.It is

20、 worthwhile reading the book. to do sth. 做某事是值得的It is worthwhile to read the book.试题： 1. She has done some things during the summer vacation, and she is of being praised.A. worthwhile;worthyB. worthwhile;worthC. worthy; worthD. worth; worthy2. Try to spend your time just on the things you find .A. w

21、orth doing themB. worth being doneC. worthy of doing themD. worthy of being done】We watch the mother chimp and her babies play in the tree.我们观看黑猩猩妈妈和她的幼子在树上玩耍。Then we see them go to sleep可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料wo

22、rd 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -together in their nest for the night.然后，我们看他们一起在巢穴睡觉过夜。We realize that the bond between members of a chimp family is as strong as in a humanfamily.我们意思到黑猩猩家族成员之间的关系和我们人类一样紧密。Nobody before Jane fully understood chimp behaviour. 在詹尼之前没有人懂得黑猩猩的行为举止。She spent years obser

23、ving and recording their daily activities.她花费了几年时间来观看和记录他们的日常活动。【辨析 ： spend, pay, cost, take 这几个词均表示“花费” ，区分在于句型结构不同：可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结sb. spendsome time in doing sth.eg. I have spent four years studying English. some money on sth.eg. She always spends a lot of money on clothes.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下

24、载精品名师归纳总结sb. pay some money for sth.eg. I paid $10,000 for the car.Sth. cost sb. sth.eg.Participating in the strike cost me my job. 参与罢工而使我失去工作. It takes sb. some time to do sth.eg.It took me two hours to finish my homework.】Since her childhood she had wanted to work with animals in their own enviro

25、nment.自从童年时代， 她就想和动物一起在野外自然环境下合作（生活）。 However, thiswas not easy然.而，这并不简洁。When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960, it wasunusual for a woman to live in the forest. 当她在 1960 年首次到达贡贝，对一位妇女来说生活在森林里是不同平常的。Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project

26、.只有在头几个月她妈妈来 帮她之后，才答应她开头她的项目。 【注释：由 only 及 only 所修饰的状语位于句首时，主句要采纳半倒装结构， 但当 only 修饰主语时， 不倒装。如：1 Only when he entered, did she pick up the receiver. 他刚一进来她就接到了电话。2 Only if it receives a copy of the latest report, can the committee make its decision by Friday of next week. 委员会只有在收到最终的报告后，才可以在下周五作出打算。3

27、Only a doctor can do that. 只有医生才能这样做。】 Her work changed the waypeople think about chimps. 她的工作转变了人们对黑猩猩的摸索方式。For example one important thing she discovered was that chimps hunt and eat meat. 例如，她所发觉的一个重要情形就是：黑猩猩围猎并吃肉。【注释： that chimps hunt and eat meat.是由 that 引导的名词从句作表语， 即表语从句。】Until then everyone h

28、ad thought chimps ate only fruit and nuts. 直到那时，人们始终都以为黑猩猩只吃水果和坚果。 She actually observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey and then eating it.她的确观看到黑猩猩以群体方式围猎猴子，然后将其吃掉。【注释： as agroup 以群体方式，作状语。】 She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other, and her study of theirbody language helped h

29、er work out their socialsystem.她仍发觉黑猩猩怎样彼此沟通， 对黑猩猩肢体语言的讨论帮忙她解决了黑猩猩的社会体系。【注释： 1 communicate with 与通话 / 沟通eg. The Ministerfor Foreign Affairs has already communicated on this event with the American President.外交部长已经跟美国总统就此大事交换过看法了。 2 work out 找到解答。解决 ;有特定结果 eg. worked out the equations; worked out the

30、ir personal differences.解出方程式。找到他们个人的区分 It worked out that everyone left on the same train.结果每个人都乘同一列火车离开】For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结understand and respect the life of these animals四.十年来，詹尼古道尔直言不讳可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结的

31、说起让世界其他人懂得并敬重这些动物的生活。 【注释：1 be outspoken about 对直言不讳的 / 坦率的eg.Tom was outspoken about his ideal that he wanted可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结to go to college.汤姆直言不讳谈他的抱负上高校。2 respectvt. & n.敬重，敬重。敬意show respect for sb./sth

32、. 敬重/ 敬重; have respect for 敬重/ 尊重; in this respec在t这一方面。 in all/many respects 在各个/ 很多方面。 in respectof sth 关于;就而言。 without respect 恕我直言。 respect sb./sth. for sth.因某事而敬重某人eg.1 We have had many lessons in this respect.2 He alwaystreated his peers with respect.3 There are three opinions with respect to

33、thisquestion. 】 She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements.她认为野生动物应当处于野生状态，不应当 用于消遣或广告。【注释：1 leave sb./sth. +补语（形容词、现在分词、过去分词、介词短语）,eg.1 Sorry, I left my book on the des对k. 不起，我把书放在桌子上了。2 Leave him alone and he will produce别.打搅他，他会写出来

34、的。2 arguevi.争辩。辩论。 vt.争辩。说服argue with sb. on/about/over sth.与某人争辩某事。argue against/for 为反对 / 赞成 而辩论。 argue sb. into/ out of doing sth. 说服某人做/ 不做某事 eg. 1 Don t argue with one who is in hot bloo不d. 要和正在气头上的人争辩。 2 They strongly argued against going there next Sunda他y.们坚决反对下星期去那里。3 We argued her out of g

35、oing on such a dangerous journey我.们说服他不要去做这样危急的旅行。 】 She has helped to set up special places where they can live safely.她帮忙建了一些黑猩猩能够安全生活的特别的的方。She is leading a busy life but she says: 她过着劳碌的生活，但她说：“ Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.“一旦我停下来，一切都蜂拥而至，我记得那些

36、在试验室里的黑猩猩，【注释： come crowding in一拥而入。蜂拥而至eg.When he went home and sat in the sofa, what happened可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结in the day all came crowding in当.她回到家坐在沙发上，白天所发生的一切一下子可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结涌上心头。】It s terrib太le.可怕啦。It affects me when I watch the wild chimps. 当我观看到野生黑猩猩时，深深的影响了我。I say to mysel

37、f,Arent the我y lucky. 自问，莫非他们不是幸运的吗？And then I think about small chimps in cagesthough they have done nothing wrong.随后，我想到困在笼子里的小黑猩猩，虽然可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结他们没有做错什么。Once you have seen that you can never forget一旦你看”到可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结那些情形，你就永久不会遗忘【”注释：onceAs soon as; if ever; when一:就。可编辑资料 -

38、- - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结一旦。当时eg.1 Once he goes, we can clean u他p.一走，我们就能清理2 Once printed, this dictionary will be very popular.一旦出版，这本词典将会特别畅可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结销！3 Once he arrives we can start他.一到我们就可以动身。】可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结She has achieved everything she wanted to d她o:已经实现她想要做的一切： 【注释：achieve the

39、 target/ goals/ aim达到目的。 achieve success获得胜利。 achieve one spurpose 达到目的。 make an achievement取得成就】working with animals in theirown environment, gaining a doctor s degree and showing that women can live in the可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结forest as men can在.自然环境下与动物一起合作（生活） ，获得博士学位，说明女可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳

40、总结子能像男子一样能够生活在森林里。She inspires those who want to cheer theachievements of women.她勉励起那些想为妇女的胜利而欢呼的人们。【注释： 1 inspirevt.勉励。勉励1 inspire sb. with hope激起某人的期望2 I was inspiredto work harder than ever before我.受勉励比以往任何时候都更加努力的工作。2cheer 用欢呼声勉励：用欢呼声勉励或好象用欢呼声勉励。勉励eg.The fans cheered the runners on.热闹的观众们用欢呼声为赛跑

41、选手打气】可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结考题：1. Lucy has all of the goals she set for herself in high school and is ready for new challenges at university.A. acquiredB. finishedC. concludedD. achieved2. All the things must be done well.A. worth to doB. worthy of being doneC. worthy doingD. worth of doing3. The l

42、ady is so old that she has to herself with a cane.A. helpB. supportC. raiseD. lift4. Although the bike is old, it s .A. out of conditionB. in good conditionC. in bad conditionD. on good condition5. The Internet gives people the chance to have the information they need tothem quickly and cheaply.A. t

43、o deliverB. deliverC. deliveringD. delivered6. We had wanted to finished our task by noon, but it didn t quite as planned.A. find outB. give outC. hand outD. work out7. Only after they had performed hundreds of experiments .A. they succeed in solving the problemB. they would succeed in solving the p

44、roblemC. did they succeed in solving the problemD. will they succeed in solving the problem8. She has done some things during the summer vacation, and she is ofbeing praised.A. worthwhile;worthyB. worthwhile;worthC. worthy; worthD. worth; worthy9. Try to spend your time just on the things you find .A. worth doing themB. worth being doneC. worthy of doing themD. worthy of being done重点句型：1Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she all