2020年高考英语模拟试题十一pdf.pdf

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1、2020 年高考英语模拟试题及答案（十一）第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AVenice, ItalyVenice is already known to be sinking, and the masses of tourists that visit the cityevery year certainly arent helping.Locals have complained that tourism, includingcruise ships

2、, is responsible for increased pollution in the city.Venice has implemented strict rules regarding tourism: littering, engaging inhorseplay, not wearing a shirt in public, leaving love locks, and writing on ordamaging trees or buildings are all fineable offenses in the city.Barcelona, SpainLocals in

3、 Barcelona arent shy about their dislike for tourists.Popular attractionshave even changed their rules as a result of tourist activity.La Boqueria, a large public market, banned tourist groups of more than 15 peoplein 2015. Before the ban, large groups of vacationers often blocked foot traffic while

4、taking photographs, according to The Telegraph.Santorini, GreeceSantorini is a beautiful island off the coast of Greece.Its often packed withtourists during the summer.In fact, due to the seasonal influx (涌入) of tourists, the island imposed a rulelimiting visitors from cruise ships to 8,000 per day.

5、790,000 people from 636 cruiseships visited Santorin in 2015, according to Conde Nast Traveler, while the entireisland only has a population of just over 15,000.Amsterdam, the NetherlandsAmsterdam has long been a popular vacation destination for party-lovingtravelers.In response to a rise in tourism

6、, the city has put restrictions on Airbnb so that arental listing cannot have more than four people at a time, and that tourists cannotkeep the rental apartments for more than 60 days a year.1According to this passage, for which behaviour will the tourists be fined?ABlocking foot traffic in Barcelon

7、aBWearing a shirt in public in SantoriniCBuying a love lock in AmsterdamDDamaging a tree in Venice2If you are going to rent an apartment in Amsterdam as a tourist, how long can youkeep it within a year at most?AA year.BOne month.CTwo months.DA season.3What do these tourist attractions have in common

8、?AThese places have been popular all year around.BRules have been set or changed regarding tourism.CLocal people use violence against tourists.DThe number of tourists has decreased a little.文章大意：本文是说明文，介绍了世界上著名的四大景点，为了限制过热的旅游业给城市带来的不利影响，这些旅游景点制订了关于旅游的一些限制规则。1.D 细节理解题。根据 Venice, Italy 部分中“Venice has

9、implemented strict rulesregarding tourism: littering, engaging in horseplay, not wearing a shirt in public,leaving love locks, and writing on or damaging trees or buildings are all fineableoffenses in the city（ 威尼斯实行了严格的旅游规则：乱扔垃圾、参与打闹、在公共场合不穿衬衫、留下爱情锁、在树木或建筑物上写字或损坏树木或建筑物都是城市中处罚的罪行） ”可知，游客在威尼斯毁坏树木是要被罚

10、款的。故选 D 项。2. C细节理解题。 根据Amsterdam, the Netherlands的介绍中，“and that tourists cannotkeep the rental apartments for more than 60 days a year”可知， 在阿姆斯特丹,规定游客一年不能将租赁公寓保留超过 60 天。故选 C 项。3.B 推理判断题。在 Venice, Italy 部分中，提到“Venice has implemented strict rulesregarding tourism 威尼斯在旅游方面实施了严格的规定” ；在 Barcelona, Spain

11、部分中，提到“Popular attractions have even changed their rules 受欢迎的景点甚至改变了规则” ；在 Santorini, Greece 部分中，提到“the island imposed a rule limiting visitors该岛实行了一项限制游客的规定” ；在 Amsterdam, the Netherlands 部分中，提到“the city has putrestrictions on Airbnb” 。综合上面的介绍，可以推断，这些景点的一个共同点是：为了限制过热的旅游业给城市带来的不利影响， 这些旅游景点都制订了关于旅游的一

12、些限制规则或者更改了原有的规则。故选 B 项。BIve spent two decades observing what makes people lucky and trying to helppeople increase their luck. I teach entrepreneurship (社会学). We know many newenterprises fail, and innovators (创业者)need luck.With my students, I spend much time encouraging them to get out of theircomfor

13、t zone and take some risks. I do this myself all the time. About a dozen yearsago, during a flight, I decided to take a little risk. I started a conversation with the mansitting next to me. I introduced myself, and I learned that he was a publisher. I learnedall about the future of the publishing in

14、dustry and we exchanged contact (联系)information. So about three quarters through the night, I decided to take another risk.I showed him a book plan I was doing in my class. Although he was very polite, hesaid it wasnt right for us.A couple of months later, I told him I was doing a project on transfo

15、rming thebook, the future of publishing and invited him to come to my class. So he gladly cameto my class. We had a great experience. A few months later, I wrote to him again,sending a bunch of video clips (剪辑) from another project my students had made. Hewas so stricken by one of them that he thoug

16、ht there was a book in it. I was a little bithurt, but it was all right. So I invited him and his colleagues to have lunch together.Later, one of his editors asked me if I had considered writing a book. And I pulled outthe exact same plan I had showed his boss a year earlier. Within two years, my bo

17、okhad sold over a million copies.4. We can infer from the authors experience on the plane that.A. the publisher was stricken by his bookB. that was his first experience by planeC. the first risk during the night didnt work outD. the experience made him transform his book5. Why did the author send th

18、e students video clips?A. To have their book published.B. To help to increase his luck.C. To assess their writing skills.D. To help them see their strength.6. Which can be the best title for the passage?A. Take the LeadB. Everything is PossibleC. Win in DangerD. Luck and Risk7. What does the author

19、think resulted in his luck?A. Publishing books.B. A series of small risks.C. Being turned down frequently.D. Meeting with the stranger on the plane.文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述作者近二十年一直在研究使得人们幸运的是什么，并且帮助他人增加幸运的机会。作者一直鼓励学生走出舒适区并做出一些冒险，而作者本人也一直坚持这样做。4.D 细节理解题。 根据第三段的 A couple of months later, I told him I was d

20、oing a projecton transforming the book, the future of publishing and invited him to come to myclass.(几个月后，我告诉他我正在做这本书的改造工作，关于未来的出版，并邀请他来我的课堂)可知，飞机上的经历，让作者决定改造他的书。D. the experience made him transformhis book(这个经历让他改造自己的书)符合以上说法，故选 D 项。5.B 推理判断题。根据第二段的 So about three quarters through the night, I deci

21、ded totake another risk. I showed him a book plan I was doing in my class.(过了大约四分之三的夜晚，我决定再冒一次险。我给他看了我在课堂上做的读书计划)及 A few months later, Iwrote to him again, sending a bunch of video clips (剪辑) from another project mystudents had made. He was so stricken by one of them that he thought there was abook

22、in it.(几个月后，我又给他写了一封信，把学生们做的另一个项目的一些视频剪辑发给了他。他被其中一本书深深地打动了，以为里面有一本书)可推测，作者把学生的视频剪辑和书一起寄过去的目的是帮助增加自己的运气。B. To help to increase his luck(为了帮助增加他的运气)符合以上推测，故选 B 项。6.D 主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是一段的 Ive spent two decades observingwhat makes people lucky and trying to help people increase their luck.和二段的 Withmy

23、students, I spend much time encouraging them to get out of their comfort zoneand take some risks. I do this myself all the time.可知，本文主要讲述作者近二十年一直在研究使得人们幸运的是什么，并且帮助他人增加幸运的机会。作者一直鼓励学生走出舒适区并做出一些冒险，而作者本人也一直坚持这样做。D. Luck and Risk(运气和冒险)可以作为本文标题，故选 D 项。7.B 推理判断题。根据第二段的 About a dozen years ago, during a fl

24、ight, I decided totake a little risk.(大约 12 年前，在一次飞行中，我决定冒一点险)及第三段的 So about threequarters through the night, I decided to take another risk.(所以，过了大约四分之三的夜晚，我决定再冒一次险)和第三段的 A few months later, I wrote to him again, sending abunch of video clips (剪辑) from another project my students had made. He was s

25、ostricken by one of them that he thought there was a book in it.(几个月后，我再次写信给他，把一堆我学生做的另一个项目的视频剪辑寄给他。他被其中的一个深深感动了，认为可以写一本书)可知，出版商拒绝之后，作者一直没有放弃，冒着拒绝的风险提升幸运的机会，最终成功的出版了这本书。由此推测，作者认为是一些小的冒险让他成功了。B. A series ofsmall risks(一系列小的冒险)符合以上说法，故选 B 项。CInstagram（图片分享社交应用程序）is about to take its biggest step towar

26、dremoving likes from its platform. After months of testing an option to hide likes inselect international markets, Instagram, which is owned by Facebook （FB） , has alreadybeen testing hiding likes in seven other countries, including Canada, Ireland andAustralia. For years, likes have been central to

27、 how celebrities, brands, politicians andeveryday users experience Instagram and Facebook. Its a way of measuringpopularity and success. But in recent months, Instagram has been rethinking howlikes contribute to making its platform more toxic. Now its considering a change.The total number of likes o

28、n posts which appear as hearts on the app willdisappear from Instagrams main feed, profile pages and permalink（永久链接）pages.The owner of the account can still see their own likes, but their followers wont knowthe count.CNN Business previously spoke with users in countries with the test. The majorityfe

29、lt this move would improve well-being on the app. Instagram is the mostdetrimental（不利的，有害的）social networking app for young peoples mental health,such as negatively impacting body image, accordingto one study.But other users and psychologists said hiding likes wont fix everything. The testdoesnt addr

30、ess some of the key ways that activity on Instagram can impact thewell-being of users, including bullying, feeling left out and thinking other peopleslives are better than their own.Renee Engeln, a psychology professor at Northwestern University, voiced hisopinion that the biggest impact of Instagra

31、m is the content and the exposure to thisconstant stream of perfected images is what seems to hurt psychologically. Plus, userscan still see their own likes and feel badly if their posts dont perform well.8. How do users experience Instagram in this passage?A. By giving likes.B. By hiding likes.C. B

32、y selecting platforms.D. By showing off talents.9. The underlined word “toxic” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “”.A. profitableB. poisonousC. popularD. positive10. What can we infer from the passage?A. Instagram has affected youngsters mental health.B. The account owners wont know the count o lik

33、es.C. Instagram tested hiding likes in seven countries first.D. The majority think Instagram has been a well-being app.11. What could be the best title of the passage?A. Instagram Misuses LikesB. More People Are Against LikesC. Likes Cause Mental ProblemsD. Likes will Be Hidden on Instagram文章大意：本文为说

34、明文。Instagram 即将迈出最大的一步，从它的平台上移除“点赞” 。因为“点赞”让平台变得更“有毒”的，几个月来 Instagram 一直尝试在一些国际市场隐藏“点赞”功能。8.A细节理解题。根据第一段中“For years, likes have been central to how celebrities,brands, politicians and everyday users experience Instagram and Facebook.” 多年来，“点赞”一直是名人、品牌、政客和普通用户体验 Instagram 和 Facebook 的核心。由此可知，体验 Insta

35、gram 是通过点赞的形式，故选 A，9.B猜测词义题。 根据划线词的上文 “For years, likes have been central to how celebrities,brands, politicians and everyday users experience Instagram and Facebook. Its a wayof measuring popularity and success.”多年来，点赞一直是名人、品牌、政客和日常用户体验 Instagram 和 Facebook 的核心重点。点赞是衡量受欢迎程度和成功的一种方法。接着用转折连词 but 引出下文

36、 “But in recent months, Instagram has been rethinking howlikes contribute to making its platform more toxic. ”可知，最近几个月，Instagram 一直在反思“点赞”是如何让自己的平台变得更“toxic” 。But 表示与前文相反的意思。可知，前文叙述“点赞”是一种有用方法，那“toxic”是与之相反的，不好的。再结合“Instagramis about to take its biggest step toward removing likes from its platform.”

37、 Instagram即将迈出最大的一步，从它的平台上去除点赞。可推断出，去除点赞可能是因为它的不好的一面。分析选项 A. profitable 有利可图的；B. poisonous 有毒的；C. popular 受欢迎的；D.positive 积极的。可知 A、C 和 D 都是好的一面，只有 B 项是不好的。由此推断出“toxic”是有毒的。10.A推理判断题。根据第三段“The majority felt this move would improve well-beingon the app. Instagram is the most detrimental（不利的，有害的）social

38、 networking appfor young peoples mental health, such as negatively impacting body image,accordingto one study.” 大多数认为此举将提高 app 的健康。 一项研究显示， Instagram是对年轻人心理健康最有害的社交网络应用，比如对身体形象产生负面影响。由此可推断出Instagram 影响了青少年的心理健康。故选 A。11.D主旨大意题。本文第一段叙述了 Instagram 即将迈出最大的一步，从它的平台上移除“点赞” 。几个月来 Instagram 一直在尝试在一些国际市场隐藏“点

39、赞”功能。因为“点赞”平台变得更“有毒”的。接着下文具体分析了“点赞”造成的不好的影响，从而正要隐藏“点赞” 。文章分析“点赞”带来的不好的影响，所以要在 Instagram 隐藏“点赞”功能。因此 D项是最佳题目。故选 D。DBefore dipping your hand into that bowl of M&Ms (一种巧克力豆) at the holidayparty, think about what youre about to do. A lot. A new study finds that people whoimagine themselves consuming man

40、y pieces of candy eat less of the real thing whengiven the chance.Picturing a delicious foodlike a juicy steak or an ice cream sundaegenerallywhets (刺激) the appetite. But what about visualizing yourself eating the entire sundae,spoonful by spoonful?There s reason to think that might have the opposit

41、e effect, says CareyMorewedge, a psychologist at Carnegie Mellon University. Researchers have foundthat repeated exposure to a particular food as in taking bite after bite of it decreases the desire to consume more. But no one had looked to see whether merelyimagining eating has the same effect.To f

42、ind out, Morewedge and his colleagues fed M&Ms and cheese cubes to 50university students. In one experiment, the participants first imagined performing 33repetitive motions (动作): Half of them imagined eating 30 M&Ms and inserting threequarters into the slot of a laundry machine. The other half imagi

43、ned eating threeM&Ms and inserting 30 quarters. Then everyone was allowed to eat their fill from abowl of M&Ms. It was reported that those whod imagined eating more candy ateabout three on average, while the others ate about five M&Ms.The researchers then extended their findings to another food grou

44、pcheese. Asin the M&M experiment, people who imagined eating 30 cheese cubes consumedless of the real thing. But volunteers who imagined eating 30 M&Ms ate the sameamount of cheese as those who imagined eating three M&Ms. Thus, the effect isspecific to the type of food imagined.The findings should h

45、ave practical applications, says Morewedge. One possiblestrategy for weight watchers might be to spend a few minutes before each mealimagining eating exactly the foods theyre about to consume, he says.Although he is planning follow-up studies to investigate the potential of imaginedconsumption for h

46、elping people control their appetite, Morewedge says hes notplanning to experiment on himself over the holidays. “I really enjoy my motherscooking,” he says.12. What did Morewedge and his colleagues want to find out with the firstexperiment?A. Whether imagining eating would lead to weight loss.B. Wh

47、ether imagining eating would reduce appetite.C. Whether picturing a delicious food would whet appetite.D. Whether repeated exposure to food would reduce appetite.13. What does the underlined part “the others” in Paragraph 4 refer to?A. Those who imagined eating 30 M&Ms.B. Those who imagined eating t

48、hree M&Ms.C. Those who didnt participate in the experiment.D. Those who didnt imagine eating M&Ms.14. According to the findings from the experiment, which of the following may makeyou eat less?A. Imagining eating any kind of food.B. Imagining eating at least two kinds of food.C. Imagining eating as

49、many kinds of food as possible.D. Imagining eating the same kind of food you will eat.15. What can be the best title for the text?A. How to Control Your AppetiteB. Imagining Eating M&Ms: A Way to Lose WeightC. To Eat Less, Imagine Eating MoreD. The Less You Imagine, the More You Eat文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章主要

50、讲述了一项新的研究发现，想象自己吃了很多糖果的人在有机会吃下真正的糖果时会吃得更少。故文章建议要想少吃点，想象一下多吃点。12.B细节理解题。 根据文章第三段中 Researchers have found that repeated exposure toa particular foodas in taking bite after bite of itdecreases the desire to consumemore. But no one had looked to see whether merely imagining eating has the sameeffect.（研究