建筑施工课件(深基础工程及地基处理)（Construction courseware (deep foundation engineering and foundation treatment)）.doc

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1、【精品文档】如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流建筑施工课件(深基础工程及地基处理)（Construction courseware (deep foundation engineering and foundation treatment)）.精品文档.建筑施工课件(深基础工程及地基处理)（Construction courseware (deep foundation engineering and foundation treatment)）Construction courseware (deep foundation engineering and foundation trea

2、tment).TxtThis article by my engine, I make the decisionPpt documents may experience poor browsing on the WAP side. It is recommended that you first select TXT, or download the source file to the local view.Second chaptersDeep foundation engineering and foundation treatmentReal estate, E, real estat

3、e, E, SummaryIn civil engineering, transportation, water conservancy projects, when the natural foundation of strength and deformation can not meet the requirements of the project, the need for artificial treatment on the foundation, in order to meet the needs of engineering construction, to ensure

4、safe and reliable construction. Many methods of ground improvement, for each specific project often has its particularity. Foundation treatment method commonly used are: drainage consolidation method, compaction, compaction, replacement and mix method, grouting method, reinforcement method and under

5、pinning method as the foundation soil is weak, the buildings on the deformation and stability of high requirements, must adopt the deep foundation. Deep foundation are common: Foundation Pile Foundation caisson, caisson foundation, underground continuous wall, etc.Real estate, E, real estate, E, Cla

6、ssification of pile foundations:1 according to the classification of pile materials include concrete pile and steel pile, but also the use of wood, the pile pile composite materials according to the bearing capacity can be divided into the friction pile and end bearing pile, the former is divided in

7、to the friction pile, end bearing friction pile; the latter is divided into the pile, friction end bearing pile in the ultimate bearing capacity of friction piles. Under the pile top load by the lateral resistance of pile bearing; end bearing friction pile is mainly composed of lateral resistance of

8、 pile end bearing pile bear. In the state of ultimate bearing capacity under the pile top load by pile bearing; friction and end bearing pile is mainly composed of pile end bearing resistance.Real estate, E, real estate, E, 桩按成桩时挤土状况可分为非挤土桩,部分挤土桩 和挤土桩. 沉管法,爆扩法施工的灌注桩,打入(或 静压)的实心混凝土预制桩,闭口钢管桩或混凝上管 桩 属于

9、挤土桩. 冲击成孔法,钻孔压注法施工的灌 注桩,预钻孔打入式预制桩,混凝土 管桩, H 型钢 桩,敞口钢管桩等属 于部分挤土桩;干作业法,泥浆 护壁法,套管护壁法施工的灌注桩属非挤土桩. 按桩的施工方法,可分为预制桩和灌注桩两类.预 制桩是在工厂或施工现场制成的各种形式的桩,用沉 桩设备将桩打入,压入或振入土中,或有的用高压水 冲沉入土中.灌注桩.根据成孔方法的不同分为挖孔, 钻孔,冲孔灌注桩,沉管灌 Injection pile and explosion expanding pile etc.Real estate, E, real estate, E, 2.1 precast concr

10、ete pile construction2.1.1 pile prefabrication, lifting, transportation, stacking, 2.1.1 pile prefabrication, lifting, transporting, stackingPrecast pileSite to site compaction, flat horizon 37 lime or pouring concrete, site compaction, leveling, formwork, binding steel skeleton, concrete, formwork

11、installation, rings, lashing steel skeleton, installation, concrete pouring and curing rings to thirty percent strength, concrete curing, demoulding demoulding strength to thirty percent to support interval end template brush, release agent, pouring interval tied reinforced pile concrete - brushing

12、release agent, pouring interval tied reinforced pile concrete, with the method of interval second to 70% layers of pile - curing strength, strong production of second layer 100% lifting pile to maintenance to 70%, up to 100% strength strength lifting transportation.Pile liftingWhen lifting and carry

13、ing, the pile must be stable and must not be damaged. The hanging point shall be in accordance with the design requirements, and the setting of the general hanging point shall be shown in the following figureReal estate, E, real estate, E, Hanging point diagram of pileReal estate, E, real estate, E,

14、 Pile piling pile from transportation, production department transported to the site before the preparation of piling, and should be based on the driving sequence with playing with transport to avoid two handling. Pile mode of transport, in the distance is not available when the crane operation; whe

15、n the distance is large,The light rail vehicle transport. A small platform pile pile stacked pile ground must be neat, solid wood pad spacing should be the same with the hanging position, each layer of wood pad should be located in the same vertical line, stacked layers of not more than 4 lines, sta

16、cking layers of not more than 4 layers. Different specifications of the piles shall be stacked separately.Real estate, E, real estate, E, 2.1.2 piling equipment, 2.1.2 piling equipmentMulti energy pile holderReal estate, E, real estate, E, Crawler type pile holderReal estate, E, real estate, E, Cons

17、truction method of 2.1.3 hammer sunk pile, 2.1.3 hammer, sinking pile, construction method, pile hammerPile hammer is applied to impact on the pile, the pile up buried in the main equipment. The main steam hammer hammer hammer, diesel hammer and hydraulic hammer, is currently the most widely used di

18、esel hammer. With hammer pile sinking, and damage to prevent pile under impact stress is too large, and strive to use hammer tap. Such as the use of a light hammer, hammer function has been a large part of the pile pile is not easy to absorb, and the pile head, easy to break. The heavy hammer accord

19、ing to the specifications of the soil pile, refer to the table to choose, such as hammer stress calculation is more scientific.Real estate, E, real estate, E, hammerType 20 impact part heavy t total weight T 2 4.52000 1.82.3 253 540252.5 6.5 2000 2500353.5 7.2 2500 4000Diesel hammers 454.5, 9.6, 400

20、0, 5000606, 15, 5000 7000727.2, 18, 7000, 10000Dynamic performance of hammerImpact force kN commonly used stroke m the length or diameter of concrete precast pile cm the diameter of steel pipe pile cm35404045455050555560Section of pileSixtyNinety90100Hammer selection tableReal estate, E, real estate

21、, E, Hammer sinking pile construction method打桩机就位后,将桩锤和桩帽吊起,然后吊桩并送 至导杆内,垂直对准桩位缓缓送下插入土中,垂直度 偏差不得超过0.5%,然后固定桩帽和桩锤,使桩,桩 偏差不得超过0.5%,然后固定桩帽和桩锤,使桩,桩 帽,桩锤在同一铅垂线上,确保桩能垂直下沉.在桩 锤和桩帽之间应加弹性衬垫,桩帽和桩顶周围四周应 有510mm的间隙,以防损伤桩顶. 510mm的间隙,以防损伤桩顶. 打桩开始时,锤的落距应较小,待桩入土至一定 深度且稳定后,再按要求的落距锤击.用落锤或单动 汽锤打桩时,最大落距不宜大于1m,用柴油锤时, 汽锤打桩

22、时,最大落距不宜大于1m,用柴油锤时, 应使锤跳动正常.在打桩过 In the process, there will be a sudden change in penetration, the pile suddenly tilted, shifted or has serious rebound, and the pile top or pile body appears serious cracks or cracks and other abnormal circumstances, should be suspended piling, timely research and tr

23、eatmentReal estate, E, real estate, E, As the pile top elevation is lower than the natural soil surface, it will need to send the pile pipe pile soil pile and send, send pile pipe longitudinal axis should be in the same line, pull out the pile feeding pipe, pile hole should be backfilled or stamped.

24、 The multi section pile pile, by welding or flange anchor. Currently most widely used welding pile. The pile embedded iron parts surface should be clean, and if the gap between the application of iron filled welded section pile, welding seam should be continuous and full, and take measures to reduce

25、 the welding deformation. The pile, and the center line deviation under section pile shall not be greater than 10mm, a rise of not more than 1 nodes the bending length. More than 1%. The length of pile in the process of piling, pile should be recorded, so that the project approval.Real estate, E, re

26、al estate, E, Construction of 2.1.4 static pressure pileStatic pressed pile is used to press the pile into the earth under the static pressure. Although there is still the squeezing effect in the construction, there is no vibration and noise,Suitable for soft soil and adjacent vibration fear built (

27、structure) structures. The static pile pressing machine has mechanical and hydraulic parts, currently used for hydraulic static pile pressing machine, pressure up to 5000kN, as for hydraulic static pile pressing machine, pressure up to 5000kN, as follows here.Real estate, E, real estate, E, 1 - 2 -

28、control room; electrical control console; 3 hydraulic system; 4 guide frame; 5 - 6 - counterweight; clamping device; 7 - 8 - bar hanging pile; leg platform; 9 horizontal walking and rotary device; 10 longitudinal walking device; 11 - pile hydraulic static pile machineReal estate, E, real estate, E,

29、Hydraulic static pile driverReal estate, E, real estate, E, 2.2 concrete, reinforced concrete pouring pile constructionPiles directly in the pile on the spot into the hole, and then placed in the hole of steel reinforcement cage and pouring concrete pile. Can adapt to various stratum, without pile c

30、onstruction, no vibration, no compaction, low noise, suitable for use in building dense area. But its strict requirements, after construction long curing period can bear the load, the hole when there are a large number of soil residue or mud discharge. According to the different pore forming process

31、, divided into dry operation of filling pile holes, mud dado pile hole, casing hole pile and the blasting hole filling pile pile application. Technology develops very fast in recent years, also appeared rammed cast-in-place pile, bored grouting pile and some new technologyReal estate, E, real estate

32、, E, 2.2.1 slurry retaining wall bored pile; 2.2.1 slurry retaining wall; bored pileMud dado is mud hole wall protecting and soil discharge slag hole. Clay, bored piles for underground water level of silt, sand, soil, broken stone (gravel) soil and weathered rock; and complex geological conditions,

33、the interlayer, uneven weathering rock, large soft change, bored pile in addition to the above geological conditions, but also through the old foundation of large boulders and other obstacles, but in the karst area should be used cautiously.Real estate, E, real estate, E, Construction site of bored

34、pile with slurry retaining wallReal estate, E, real estate, E, Construction technology of bored concrete pile with slurry retaining wallThe buried steel tube tube is to ensure that the auxiliary tool along the pile vertical direction smooth drilling rig, the protection and improvement of orifice pil

35、e hole mud head, prevent foot hole. The mud slurry is prepared from a mixture of high plastic clay or bentonite and water mixing, but also in the the incorporation of other admixtures, such as increasing agent, dispersing agent, thickening agent and plugging agent. The pore forming method of slurry

36、wall bored pile hole forming method of impact hole drilling method a, cone grab B and diving drill hole forming method of hole forming method of C three (three (below).Real estate, E, real estate, E, ABCAReal estate, E, real estate, E, The reinforcement cage placed on pouring underwater concretePour

37、ing underwater concrete of concrete can not be directly dumped into the water. Because when the concrete is in direct contact with water through the water, aggregate and cement will soon produce separation, aggregate quickly sink to the bottom, and called for the cement suspension in a long time, wh

38、en the sink, has condensation hardening. Therefore the underwater concrete pouring that must be carried out in the condition with the surrounding environment under water isolation. Many methods of concrete pouring under water. The most commonly used method. The main machine is catheter catheter used

39、 has a catheter funnel and a storage hopper, drain plug.Real estate, E, real estate, E, 2.2.2 dry work, bored pile, 2.2.2 dry work, bored pileIn soft soil, moisture content, available thinning line blade drill, so that faster drilling. In plastic or hard plastic clay, sand or water in a small applic

40、ation microgroove blade drill, slowly and evenly drilling operation requirements of vertical drill pipe,Drill rod shaking or difficult drilling as found in the drilling process, may be encountered stones and other foreign bodies, should immediately stop check. The drilling speed should be based on t

41、he current value of changes in a timely adjustment. In the drilling process, should be kept clean hole soil, encountered hole collapse, shrinkage and other abnormal situations, and the research should be applicable to solve. The underground water level is low, the soil without groundwater depth in t

42、he hole, without wall can be directly dug into the hole. At present commonly used spiral drill hole, also useful Luoyang shovel hole.Real estate, E, real estate, E, 2.2.3 casing, pore filling pile, 2.2.3 casing, pore filling pile, technological processCasing bored pile is the use of hammer piling me

43、thod or vibration pile method with reinforced concrete pile boots (also called pile tip) or a valve type pile shoe (left) of the steel casing into the soil, then pulling edge filling concrete. If equipped with reinforced concrete, it is before dipping steel skeleton in the pouring pile driving equip

44、ment. Using the immersed tube, extubation, known as the hammer pile sinking; using vibration exciter, extubation, called. The vibrating cast-in-place pile construction process of cast-in-place pile diagram.Real estate, E, real estate, E, Valve pile tip 1 - pile pipe; 2 - 3 - valve lock shaft;Constru

45、ction process of immersed tube cast-in-place pile(a) position; b) casing; c) initial concrete; d) placing steel cage; pouring concrete; E) pulling pipe into pileReal estate, E, real estate, E, Methods: the hammer sinking pile, steel tube pile frame with lifting,Close the valve in advance or alignmen

46、t of the precast concrete pile pile at pile boots. Boots, set into the casing and connected to pile shoe pad with hemp rope, in order to prevent groundwater from seeping into the tube. Then slowly down the casing, pressed into the soil. The upper casing buckle on pile cap and pile hammer in casing i

47、nspection a vertical line, casing deflection is not greater than 0.5%, you can set the vertical line of heavy hammer, casing deflection is not greater than 0.5%, and can have a hammer sinking casing. With low hammer tap, observed as migration to normal construction, to meet the design requirements o

48、f the degree of penetration or sink into the elevation, and check the tube there is no mud or water can enter, the pouring of concrete. Concrete casing should be filled, and then began to extubation. Extubation should be uniform, should not be too high. Pull extubation should maintain continuous dense low stop tube hammer hammer.Real