浅谈路基加宽施工.doc

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1、【精品文档】如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流浅谈路基加宽施工.精品文档.浅谈路基加宽施工【摘要】随着我国社会的迅速发展，部分公路功能已不能满足日渐增长的交通需要，为此对原有的高速公路进行改造势在必行。而公路路基加宽无论是设计还是施工，都是改造工程的关键。本文以参与建设的公路扩建工程经验的进行阐述，希能为其他项目施工提供借鉴。【关键词】路基加宽施工公路在经多年的通车后，路基沉降基本完成，路基加宽段由于新旧路基的不均匀沉降，必然产生以纵向裂缝为代表的裂缝，从而对公路产生破坏。为次，必须加强公路路基加宽时设计优化及施工质量，使沉降量减为最少，以保证公路的质量。一、施工准备旧路路基加宽，首先要

2、对旧路的状况进行调查，并对原路基的病害进行处理。调查内容包括旧路路基的填筑材料、使用和损坏等病害情况，分析病害的种类、规模、状态、原因等，并在施工前或施工期间，对路基不同类型的病害要进行彻底地处理。二、基底处理旧路两侧一般为排水边沟和碎落台,边沟经长期的雨水侵蚀，其下部已基本变得相当软弱；平台由于绿化其底部实际也为腐质土。对于上述情况地基必须作彻底清除,对于地下水丰富区域，须铺设透水性材料。基底压实度一般比规范要求高出12%；施工时必须严格按设计要求进行，保证基底承载力，减少新老路基剪切变形。三、路基加宽（一）台阶由于原路基边坡坡率一般为11.5，必须将原边坡挖成台阶，台阶使新旧路基有效得交错

3、结合，是衔接的重要组成部分，施工时必须引起足够的重视。台阶宽度应满足摊铺和压实设备操作的需要，以便有利于机械施工，一般不少于2.0m，如受环境限制可适当放窄，但宽度不得小于1m，并作成2%4%的内倾斜坡。由于原路基边坡部分填土由于原来施工的忽视、现施工的挠动及其他原因，填土压实度实际上一般都未达到设计要求。（二）填筑材料填筑材料经自重、路面和车辆等荷载的作用,老路基已经基本被压实,而新路基的填料虽经严格压实,仍存在后期变形。为此，填筑材料的选择将很大程度影响路基的有效沉降。所有填料宜与旧路堤相同或选用透水性较好的材料，相关单位在综合考虑工程造价和施工实施的问题上，尽量使用碎石土或石渣等沉降量较

4、少的材料进行填筑,并控制好填筑材料的液塑限、承载比(CBR)和击实试验等各项指标。（三）路基碾压路基填筑前，须根据规范要求做好试验段，必须严格控制材料的最佳含水量、松铺厚度、压实设备的类型、最佳组合方式、碾压遍数及碾压速度等，使各项指标达到最优状态，保证压实度达到设计要求。对于加宽渐变部分，必须严格控制其碾压宽度，如旧路基挖台阶受限制时，可通过铺设护道等方式满足其要求，使路基压实度均满足要求。在施工时分层碾压,控制每层填筑厚度及压实度,提高压实标准。碾压应采用重型压路机（20t）进行,双驱双振。碾压虚方厚度不得大于30cm,压实度必须达到新标准的压实度要求,且重点应放在新老路基的结合部,每层压

5、完后应平整光滑。路基填筑时应控制路堤填筑速率。当填土速率较快时，地基强度来不及增长，易产生较大的剪切变形。在施工时按照慢速填土标准进行控制，控制标准为地面沉降率每昼夜不大于10mm，坡角水平位移速率每昼夜不大于5mm。四、补强措施及其他（一）铺设土工积物土工格栅具有抗拉强度高、伸长率低，不易变形等特点，其全面与土体接，大大增加了与土体的摩擦，有力约束土体的侧向位移，土工格栅网格与粗颗粒填料结合，其最优的镶嵌作用最大限度地提高了加宽路基的承载能力和稳定性。在加宽路段中的铺设，可以增加新旧路基的结合，增大结合部抗剪能力，防止新路基的沉降对老路基的破坏，从而达到稳定新旧路基不均匀沉降的效果。土工格栅

6、设置可根据路填土高度进行设置，当路基填筑小于1.5m时，可在底部进行设置3层；填土高度在1.5m8m（10m）时，在路基底部和顶部各设置3层；填土高度大于8m（10m）时，在路基底部和顶部各设置3层，中部平台设置3层，其中底部铺设在基底平整碾压后铺设1层，每2层填土铺设1层，上部铺设位置为上路床顶部和底部、下路床底部各1层。土工格栅铺设宽度根据加宽宽度进行，但新旧路基铺设宽度不应少于1.5m。条件许可情况下可采用长60cm12钢筋进行锚固，并进行注浆，钢筋穿越新旧路基土层，对抗剪起积极作用。土工格栅可优先考虑使用钢塑双向土工格栅，但其伸长率应小于4%抗拉强度应大于45kN/m，锚固间距及搭接宽

7、度与普通施工同。（二）冲击夯实路基的本体沉降主要与路基本身的压实度有很大关系，进行充分冲击，使其紧密结合，形成一个整体，使路基本体和地基的沉降都达到最小，以减小路基的沉降，减少或避免新老路基结合部纵向裂缝的产生。由此，可选择冲击碾压（夯实）的方法，对路基进去补强。冲击碾压施工可提高加宽路基的压实度，使新旧路基很好地结合在一起结合成一个整体，增加其极限抗，使路基本体沉降减到最小以便使其沉降系数减小；冲击碾压另可避免结合部因碾压不足出现软弱的滑动层。路基施工的机械碾压很难达到规范要求的96%的压实度已相当的困难，根据在梅河高速公路及粤赣高速公路的施工经验，使用冲击夯实可使压使度达到98%。目前在我

8、省高速公路中使用较多，施工技术较为成熟的蓝派压路机（强夯机）。机械作业时牵引机带动压实机压实轮滚动，压实轮轮廓非圆曲线对地表施以揉压碾压冲击的综合作用，使土体从上部至下部深层随着压力波的传递得到压实。在施工前选择有代表性的路段进行试验，对机械的行走速度、影响深度、沉降量、行走篇数等进行总结。以往经验为：采用25t对深度为1.0m（4层）填方段路基冲碾补压，57遍是合适的，补压效果也是明显的；通过采用冲击式压路机对路基进行冲碾补压施工，使路基压实度得到提高，加速路基沉降,最大限度地缩短了路基自然沉降的时间,有效地减少了路基的沉降变形,对新老路基的结合起到了良好的作用。（三）跨年度施工为降低加宽路

9、基的沉降量,尽可能做到路基跨年度施工,使路基经历雨季；在路基完成后尽量开放交通,在路上采取一些措施,使车辆尽可能的在加宽处行驶,加大行车荷载作用,把沉降量降到最小程度。参考文献：1人民交通出版社，北京：公路路基设计规范(JTGD30-2004).（英文版 ） Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strat

10、egic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see,

11、 enough to get a high standard; around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line . Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the

12、 first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and nee

13、ds to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. and revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guideli

14、nes and column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance a

15、nd innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the partys leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the and , reflects the partys 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session,

16、 reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the partys eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of in based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of Januar

17、y 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to hard

18、to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law an

19、d other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to clean the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. is in 1997 based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction o

20、f the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulatio

21、ns Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does

22、not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to and the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party con

23、stitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Cen

24、tral Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for D

25、iscipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party com

26、mittee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of t

27、he Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General P

28、olitical Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committe

29、e Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom

30、of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, and revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the partys eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important inst

31、ructions on the revised and , highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent and . Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. Th

32、e constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law

33、, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general ru

34、les. the revision of the and is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, th

35、e party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue de, mainly refers to the partys ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the

36、 closely linked to the self-discipline, insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the vital few, emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Met

37、hod, as a negative list, emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of

38、 Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the party

39、s eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with

40、reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the and modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party memb

41、ers and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to t

42、he self-discipline, removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, eight prohibition 52 are not allowed to about the content of the negative list moved into synchronization amendment . Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the

43、leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. F

44、ive is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised is the ruling Party since the first insists on a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National Peoples so

45、lemn commitment. criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the , a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and se

46、lf-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as four must eight code. Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as four must the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 a

47、nd supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the partys advanced nature and purity, to reflect the revised standards requirements. Members of self-discipline norms around the party members how to correctly treat and deal with the public and private, cheap and rot thrifty and extravagance bitter music, put forward the four norms. Party leader cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms for the leadership of the party members and cadres of the vital few, around the clean