新概念英语第二册64课.pptx

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1、Lesson 64 The Channel Tunnelwordstunnel n.宿舍宿舍port n.港口港口ventilate v.通风通风chimney n.烟囱烟囱sea level 海平面海平面double a.双的双的ventilation n.通风通风fear v.害怕害怕invasion n.入侵，侵略入侵，侵略officially ad.正式地正式地connect v.连接连接European a.欧洲的欧洲的continent n.大陆大陆tunnel 1. n. 地下通道，隧道，地道地下通道，隧道，地道a passage under a river or the sea

2、, or through the hills. The Channel Tunnel 海峡隧道海峡隧道eg. The train passes through several tunnels. light at the end of the tunnel 苦尽甘来苦尽甘来port n. 港，港口，港口城市港，港口，港口城市enter a port make a port 入港入港leave a port clear a port 出港出港【谚】【谚】the port in a storm 慌不择路，穷途之策慌不择路，穷途之策ventilate v.使空气流通，使空气进入使空气流通，使空气进入w

3、ell-ventilated 通风良好的通风良好的poorly-ventilated 不通风的不通风的eg. Our classroom is well-ventilated. n. u 空气流通，畅谈空气流通，畅谈put a problem to ventilation 提出问题以供公开讨论提出问题以供公开讨论 n. 通风设备，通风口通风设备，通风口ventilationventilator chimney 烟囱烟囱clean a chimneysweep a chimney 清扫烟囱清扫烟囱eg. The smoke poured out of the chimney.a blocked

4、chimney 堵塞的烟囱堵塞的烟囱eg. It is said that Santa Claus ( Father Christmas) comes down chimneys at Christmas to bring presents. 据说圣诞老人在圣诞节的时候会从烟囱里出来送礼物据说圣诞老人在圣诞节的时候会从烟囱里出来送礼物sea level n.海平面海平面 1. n. 水平，水面水平，水面1000 metres above sea-level 2. n. (文化、学问等文化、学问等) 水准，程度，标准水准，程度，标准high-level 高级的高级的low-level 低级的低级

5、的a higher level of civilizationlevel3. adj.（土地等）平的，水平的（土地等）平的，水平的a level surface 平坦的表面平坦的表面The road is level. 这条路很平坦这条路很平坦5. adj.（心情等）稳定的，平静的（心情等）稳定的，平静的in a level voice 用平稳的声音用平稳的声音do ones level best 尽最大努力尽最大努力4. adj. 相同高度的，相同程度的相同高度的，相同程度的 a level race 势均力敌的竞赛势均力敌的竞赛 in level tones 用平板的音调用平板的音调dou

6、ble 1. adj. 双的，双倍的（通常作定语）双的，双倍的（通常作定语）a double room 双人房双人房a double bed double chin double negative 双重否定双重否定double Dutch 莫名其妙的话，晦涩的话莫名其妙的话，晦涩的话 3. v. 使使.增加，使增加，使.增倍增倍 eg. He doubled his income this year. 今年他让自己的薪水翻倍了今年他让自己的薪水翻倍了2. adv. 双倍地，两倍地双倍地，两倍地 pay double fear 1. n. u 恐惧，害怕恐惧，害怕eg. The soldier

7、didnt show his fear.这个士兵一点都不害怕。这个士兵一点都不害怕。The child had no fear of water.这个孩子不怕水这个孩子不怕水2. n. c 畏惧，不安畏惧，不安a fear of heights 恐高症恐高症She has a great fear of fire.3. v. 恐惧，害怕恐惧，害怕 (be afraid of )fear death 怕死怕死fear illness Never fear ! (Dont worry !)fear to do sth 害怕去做某事（还没有去做）害怕去做某事（还没有去做）fear doing sth

8、 害怕做某事（做过了）害怕做某事（做过了）eg. The little boy fears staying alone in the dark .She fears to speak in his presence.有他在场她不敢讲话有他在场她不敢讲话fearful adj.可怕的，害怕的可怕的，害怕的a fearful storm 一场可怕的暴风一场可怕的暴风The baby is fearful of loud noise. fearless adj.不怕的，无畏的不怕的，无畏的invade v. 侵略，侵犯侵略，侵犯invade a small country invade sbs ri

9、ghts 侵犯某人的权利侵犯某人的权利eg:tourists invade the city 游客涌入这座城市游客涌入这座城市invader n. 入侵者，侵略者入侵者，侵略者invasion n. 侵略侵略eg. The invasion of Poland by Germany in 1939. 1939年德国队波兰的侵略年德国队波兰的侵略officially adv. office n. 办公室，办公楼办公室，办公楼officer n. 军官，政府官员军官，政府官员official 1. adj. 官方的，正式的，公务的，职权的官方的，正式的，公务的，职权的an official dec

10、ision 官方决定官方决定an official announcement 官方公告官方公告2. n. 官员官员government officials officially adv. 正式地，公务或公职上正式地，公务或公职上Ive been officially invited to the wedding. 我被正式邀请去参加婚礼我被正式邀请去参加婚礼announce officially 官方地宣布官方地宣布connect 1. v. 连接，结合连接，结合connect A with B 和和有关有关,和和有联系有联系(两者之间相互的两者之间相互的)connect A to B 把把连

11、接到连接到(一方比较主动的一方比较主动的)A highway connects the two cities.有一条公路连接这两座城市有一条公路连接这两座城市2. v. 将（电话）接通（给某人）将（电话）接通（给某人）Please connect me with New York.请把电话接到纽约请把电话接到纽约connection n. 连接，联合，联系连接，联合，联系eg. Poor health is in connection with unhealthy daily habits. 差的身体素质与不健康的日常习惯有密切关系差的身体素质与不健康的日常习惯有密切关系continent n

12、. 洲，大陆洲，大陆 the Continent 指欧洲大陆指欧洲大陆the New Continent 新大陆新大陆(南北美洲大陆南北美洲大陆)Asia 亚洲亚洲 North America 北美洲北美洲Africa 非洲非洲 South America 南美洲南美洲Europe 欧洲欧洲 Oceania 大洋洲大洋洲Antarctic 南极洲南极洲Listen and then answer the questions: 1. When did Aime Thome de Gamond arrive in England? (In 1858.) 2. Was he an engineer

13、or an astronaut? (He was an engineer.) 3. What nationality was he? (French.) 4. What did he have a plan for? (For a 21-mile tunnel under the English Channel.) 5. What did he say it would be possible to build in the center of the Channel? (A platform.) 6. What would this platform serve as? (A port an

14、d a railway station.) 7. How would the tunnel be ventilated? (Tall chimneys would be built above sea level.) 8. Who put forward a better plan? (William Lowe did.) 9. He wasnt French, was he? (No, he wasnt.) 10. What did he suggest should be built? (A double railway-tunnel.) 11. When was a tunnel act

15、ually begun? (In 1902.)课文理解课文理解1858年，一位名叫埃梅年，一位名叫埃梅托梅托梅德德干蒙的法国工程师带着建干蒙的法国工程师带着建造一条长造一条长21英里、穿越英吉利海峡的隧道计划到了英国。英里、穿越英吉利海峡的隧道计划到了英国。 plan for sth 的计划的计划eg. Do you have any plans for this evening ?twenty-one-mile 加连字符，用单数，作定语加连字符，用单数，作定语 a two-year-old boy 1. In 1858, a French engineer, Aim Thom de Gamo

16、nd, arrived in England with a plan for a twentyonemile tunnel under the English Channel. 他说，可以在隧道中央建造一座平台。他说，可以在隧道中央建造一座平台。 it is possible to do sth 做某事是有可能的做某事是有可能的it 做形式主语，做形式主语，to do 不定式做真正的主语不定式做真正的主语platform 1. 平台，讲台平台，讲台stand on the platform. 2. 月台月台an arrival platform 到站月台到站月台a departure plat

17、form 出站月台出站月台2. He said that it would be possible to build a platform in the centre of the Channel. serve as 充当充当eg. When you sleep in the open, old newspapers can serve as a blanket.serve sb with 拿出拿出.款待（某人）款待（某人）eg. The waiter served us with wine. 3. This platform would serve as a port and a railw

18、ay station. 如果再建些伸出海面的高大的烟囱状通风管，隧道就具备如果再建些伸出海面的高大的烟囱状通风管，隧道就具备了良好的通风条件。了良好的通风条件。 1860年，一位名叫威廉年，一位名叫威廉洛的英国人提出了一项更好的计洛的英国人提出了一项更好的计划。划。 put forward (plan/suggestion) 提出提出(计划、建议等计划、建议等)4. The tunnel would be wellventilated if tall chimneys were built above sea level. 5. In 1860, a better plan was put f

19、orward by an Englishman, William Low. put forward 提出供考虑或讨论提出供考虑或讨论 ，将某事提前，将某事提前eg. We have put forward the date of our wedding by one week. forward 向前向前backward 向后向后backward and forward. 来回地，前后地来回地，前后地go / move forward 向前走向前走from this time forward 从此以后从此以后他提议建一条双轨隧道他提议建一条双轨隧道 suggest vt. 暗示，用法与其他的词相

20、同暗示，用法与其他的词相同 vt. 建议，用虚拟语气，后接动词是要用建议，用虚拟语气，后接动词是要用-ing形式，形式，后接后接that从句采用一种固定的用法从句采用一种固定的用法“should+动词原动词原形形”(should 可省略可省略)insist作作“坚持坚持”讲时用法同讲时用法同suggest6. He suggested that a double railway tunnel should be built. 这样就解决了通风问题这样就解决了通风问题, 因为如果有一列火车开进因为如果有一列火车开进隧道，它就把新鲜空气随之抽进了隧道。隧道，它就把新鲜空气随之抽进了隧道。 draw

21、 in ( = take in ) 吸入、吸进吸入、吸进 ;(火车、汽车火车、汽车)进站进站, 到达到达, 吸引吸引draw back 撒回撒回, 收回收回(承诺等承诺等), 拉起拉起, 退却退却draw up 起草，拟订；起草，拟订；(使使)停住停住7. This would solve the problem of ventilation, for if a train entered this tunnel, it would draw in fresh air behind it. draw up 1. (车辆车辆) 停下来停下来A taxi drew up outside the b

22、ank. 2. 草拟，签署草拟，签署A new trading agreement was drawn up between Holland and Denmark荷兰和丹麦签署了一项新的贸易协定荷兰和丹麦签署了一项新的贸易协定draw off 离开，走了离开，走了Two men got out and the taxi drew off. 两个男人下车后，车开走了两个男人下车后，车开走了42年以后，隧道实际已经开始建了。年以后，隧道实际已经开始建了。 如果不是因为那时英国人害怕入侵，隧道早就建成了。如果不是因为那时英国人害怕入侵，隧道早就建成了。虚拟语气虚拟语气(非真实条件句非真实条件句)中

23、，与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去中，与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时；与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时，此时主句格式为时；与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时，此时主句格式为would have done，would/could/should 都可以都可以情态动词加情态动词加have done 表示对过去的推测，如表示对过去的推测，如must have done，cant have done等等8. Fortytwo years later a tunnel was actually begun. 9. If, at the time, the British had not feared inv

24、asion, it would have been completed. 世界不得不再等将近世界不得不再等将近100年才看到海峡隧道竣工。年才看到海峡隧道竣工。 它于它于1994年年3月月7日正式开通，将英国与欧洲大陆连到日正式开通，将英国与欧洲大陆连到了一起。了一起。 10. The world had to wait almost another 100 years for the Channel Tunnel. 11. It was officially opened on March 7,1994,finally connecting Britain to the European c

25、ontinent. 语法讲解语法讲解语气：语气：英语动词有三种语气：陈述语气，祈使英语动词有三种语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。语气和虚拟语气。1：陈述语气：用来表示所说的话是事：陈述语气：用来表示所说的话是事实或者提出疑问，广泛用于陈述句，疑实或者提出疑问，广泛用于陈述句，疑问句和感叹句。问句和感叹句。2：祈使语气：表示所说的话是请求，：祈使语气：表示所说的话是请求，命令，指示或者劝告。命令，指示或者劝告。虚拟语气虚拟语气 虚拟语气：虚拟语气： 1. 表示所说的话表示所说的话不是事实，不是事实，而是一种假设，猜测，怀疑而是一种假设，猜测，怀疑等。（在条件从句或者让步状语从句中）等。（在条

26、件从句或者让步状语从句中） 2. 一种表示说话人的愿望，要求，命令，建议等（在宾一种表示说话人的愿望，要求，命令，建议等（在宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。真实条件句真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生和实现的，是与实所表的假设是可能发生和实现的，是与实施相符的。施相符的。E.g. if it is fine tomorrow, I will go to visit my grandpa.非真实条件句非真实条件句所表达的假设则不可能或不

27、大可能发生所表达的假设则不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，与事实相反的情况。或实现的，与事实相反的情况。If I were a bird, I would fly to America.真实条件句：真实条件句：对将来可能发生的事情的假设，对将来可能发生的事情的假设，主句用将来主句用将来时，从句用现在时时，从句用现在时If he is out, Ill call tomorrow. Youll miss the train if you dont hurry.非真实条件句：非真实条件句：A：对现在事实假设或对不可能事情假设：对现在事实假设或对不可能事情假设 主句：主句：would do 从句：一般过

28、去时（从句：一般过去时（were）If you went to the party, you would enjoy it. If I were in your position, I would act differently . B：对过去事实做相反假设：对过去事实做相反假设 主句：主句：would have done 从句：从句：had done You would have missesd the train if you had not hurried. If you had gone to the party, you would have enjoyed it. 虚拟语气在非真实

29、条件句中虚拟语气在非真实条件句中 表格记忆：表格记忆： 1 与现在事实相反与现在事实相反 If I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car. 2 与过去事实相反与过去事实相反 If he had driven more carefully, he would not have had the car accident yesterday.与过去事实可能相反或发生实现几率较小。与过去事实可能相反或发生实现几率较小。If you got/were to/should get a full mark next time, I would hold

30、a party for you.与现在事实相反。与现在事实相反。If I were you, I would give your sister a hug.与过去事实相反。与过去事实相反。If I had taken your advice, I wouldnt have made a mistake.与明天事实可能相反。与明天事实可能相反。If it rained tomorrow, they wouldnt go outside.Suggest, demand, order, propose, insist command ,request, desire后的宾语从句中：后的宾语从句中：（

31、should)+动词原形。动词原形。I suggest that we (should) set off at once.I demanded that he (should) answer me immediately.l错综时间下的用法：过去条件错综时间下的用法：过去条件+现实情况现实情况 If he had taken the doctors advice, he should not be ill now.要是当初听了医生的话，要是当初听了医生的话，他现在就不会生病了。他现在就不会生病了。 If the doctor hadnt come in time, the patient wo

32、uld be dead by now. 大夫及时到了，病人大夫及时到了，病人得救了得救了。 l“ifif”的省略的省略条件句中的条件句中的if在下列情况中可省略：在下列情况中可省略：If +主+had / were / shouldHad / were / should +主If I were in your place , I wouldnt date him. Were I in your place , I wouldnt date him.If I had known the plan ,I would have given it more careful thought. Had I

33、 known the plan ,I would have given it more careful thought.lWish句I wish that I were as tall as Yao Ming.I wish I had told you the truth the other day.l as if / as though “好像”句He acted as if he had never lived in England before.Exercises:1. If you had told me about it earlier, I _( be able) to help you.2. If you _(can/come) with us, we would have been pleased. 3. You _(not make) such a mistake if you had been more careful. 4. If father _ (be) alive, he would be horrified. 5. If it _(be) fine tomorrow, we will go for a swim. would have been able could have come would not have made wereis