2018甘肃考研英语二真题及答案.doc
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1、2018甘肃考研英语二真题及答案Section Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and markA,B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously bepainful? Because humans have an inhere
2、nt need to 1 uncertainty, according to a recent study inPsychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is strong that people will 2 tosatisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3 .In a series of experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago
3、 and the Wisconsinschool of Business tested students willingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort tosatisfy curiosity. For one 5 , each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimedwere from a previous experiment. The twist? Half of the pens would 6 an electric s
4、hock whenclicked.Twenty-seven students were told with pens were electrified; another twenty-seven were toldonly that some were electrified. 7 left alone in the room. The students who did not know which oneswould shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew thatwou
5、ld 8 . Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli, 9 the sound offingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.The drive to 10 is deeply rooted in humans, much the same as the basic drives for 11 or shelter,says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago.
6、 Curiosity is often considered a good instinctitcan 12 new scientific advances, for instancebut sometimes such 13 can backfire. The insight thatcuriosity can drive you to do 14 things is a profound one.Unhealthy curiosity is possible to 15 , however. In a final experiment, participants who wereencou
7、raged to 16 how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 tosee such an image. These results suggest that imagining the 18 of following through on onescuriosity ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor. Thinking about long-term 20 is key to reduci
8、ng the possible negative effects of curiosity,”Hsee says. In other words, dont readonline comments.1. A.ignore B.protect C.discuss D.resolve答案:D. resolve考点:词义辨析解析:文章首段第一句话就交代了全文主旨:Why do people read negative Internetcomments and do other things that will obviously be painful? 人们浏览网络负面评论信息以及做一些明显令人痛苦
9、的事情的原因。第二句指出原因:因为人们内心里有一种_不确定因素需求,空格处所需的动词和后面的宾语 uncertainty 构成动宾结构。A 选项 ignore,忽略,B 选项 protect,保护,C 选项 discuss,讨论,带入空格后,语义不通顺,所以不正确。D 选项 resolve,解决、消除,“消除不确定性”符合语义要求;故正确答案为 D 选项 resolve。2. A.refuse B.seek C.wait D.regret答案:B. seek考点:词义辨析解析:空格所在句指出:这项新研究表明,这种求知需求如此强烈以至于人们会_(答案)来满足他们的好奇心即使他们清楚答案会_。空格
10、处所填入的词需要和后面隐含的宾语答案来构成顺畅的语义搭配,只有 B 选项 seek, 试图、设法、寻找,符合要求;A选项 refuse,拒绝,C 选 wait,等待,C 选项 regret,遗憾,带入后,语义不通顺。故正确答案为 B.seek。3. A.rise B.last C.hurt D.mislead答案:C.hurt考点:词义辨析解析:空格所在句指出:这项新研究表明,这种求知需求如此强烈以至于人们寻找答案来满足他们的好奇心即使答案明显 本句中的 even when(即使)构成了前后的对立关系,因此空格处所填入的词需和前面的感情色彩词“strong”及语义构成对立,只有 C 选项 hu
11、rt(令人痛苦)符合要求;另外此处的 it is clear that the answer will hurt 也和第一句中的 thatwill obviously be painful 构成了近义复现。故 C 选项为正确答案。4. A.alert B.expose C.tie D.treat答案:B.expose考点:固定短语解析:空格所在处,构成了_oneself to sth 结构,只有 D 选项 expose 符合要求,使某人暴露在中,故 B 选项 expose 为正确答案。5. A.trial B.message C.review D.concept答案:A.trial考点:词义辨
12、析解析:本段段首提到“a series of four experiments”,空格所在句给出其中一个实验的信息,只有 A 选项 trail 与 experiment 语义相近,故正确答案为 A 选项 trail。6. A.remove B.deliver C.weaken D.interrupt答案:B.deliver考点:语义逻辑解析:上文指出:For one trial,each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcherclaimed were from a previous experiment。 在一个试验中,
13、研究人员给每位受试者一堆笔并声称其源于先前的实验。这是实验的背景。下文具体实验展开,Half of the pens wouldan electric shock when clicked。 有一半的比在按下的时候会使人触电。所以比对选项,要选择 deliver ,发出,递送。因此 B 为正确答案。7. A.Unless B.If C.When D.Though答案:C.When考点:逻辑关系解析:上文讲的是 Twenty-seven students were told which pens were rigged;another 27 were told only研究人员告知了 27 名受
14、试学生哪些笔是内有玄机,而另外 27 名学生只知道有些笔是带电的。下文就是具体的发生的实验状态了。当他们独自在房里时, 而不是条件 if, unless 或者 转折关系。因此选择 C。8. A.change B.continue C.disappear D.happen答案:D.happen考点:语义逻辑解析:根据上文的实验背景,试验中 27 个人知道哪些笔是内有玄机,而另外 27 名学生只知道有些笔是带电的。下面的告知了实验的结论 :当他们独自在房里时,那些不知哪些笔带电的学生按下了更多的笔头,比这些受试者多,后面是定语,显然这些受试者是只上文被告知的人,所以这些人知道 the studen
15、ts who knew what would happen,强调结果性。所以选择 D。9. A.such as B.rather than C.regardless of D.owing to答案:A.such as考点:逻辑关系解析:上文在之后其他刺激因素的实验中, 后文讲到具体的实验:指甲刮黑板的声音和令人生厌的昆虫图片 显然这里需要例证关系,故选择 A。10.A.disagree B.forgive C.discover D.forget答案:C.discover考点:语义逻辑解析:文章开篇提出:The human drive to resolve uncertainty is so s
16、trong 人们对于寻找答案以消除不确定因素总是乐此不疲。再根据上文的实验,都表示这是一种 discover 的需求,越是不确定的,越好奇。故选择 C。11.A.pay B.food C.marriage D.schooling答案:B.food考点:语义逻辑解析:这个空出现在卡内基梅隆大学(Carnegie Mellon University)的观点中,前后观点没有任何转折连词,所以前后句应该一脉相承。前文中 the drive is deeply rooted in human,指的是人类根深蒂固的本性,而且后文也说到 curiosity is a good instinct(本能),探索
17、的动力在人类中根深蒂固,与食物或避难所的基本动力相当。因此此处应该选 food。A选项 pay 支付;C 选项 marriage 婚姻;D 选项 schooling 学习教育,皆不符合文意。12. A.begin with B.rest on C.lead to D.learn from答案:C.lead to考点:固定搭配解析:本句意思是:好奇心通常被认为是一种很好的本能它会_新的科学进步,此处选择 A 选项 begin with 以开始,C 选项 lead to 符合文意。B 选项 rest on 取决于;D 选项 learn from 向学习, 皆不符合文意。13. A.inquiry
18、B.withdrawal C.persistence D.diligence答案:A.inquiry考点:语义逻辑解析:but sometimes such _can backfire。but 一词的出现就说明前后两句话是转折句义,前文说好奇心会带来新的科学进步;后文的一个指示代词 such 一出现,就证明和前句的主语是一致的,在此只能选择 curiosity 的近义词,为 A inquiry。B 选项 withdrawal 撤回;C 选项 persistence 坚持; D 选项 diligence 勤奋,皆不符合文意。14. A.self-deceptive B.self-reliant
19、C.self-evident D.self-destructive答案:D.self-destructive考点:语义逻辑解析:The insight that curiosity can drive you to do_ things is a profound one。因为前文有所提示,but sometimes such _can backfire,有时候好奇心会适得其反,这句话也是对于上文的承接,因此这里需要填入的是好奇心带来的副作用的表达,因此选D self-destructive自我毁灭的。A 选项 self-deceptive 自欺欺人的,B 选项 self-reliant 自力
20、更生的;C 选项self-evident 显而易见的, 皆不符合文意。15. A.trace B.define C.replace D.resist答案:D.resist考点:语义逻辑解析:Unhealthy curiosity is possible to _, however。 这句话之后出现了论据,用以撑前文的论点:In a final experiment, participants who were encouraged to predict how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likel
21、y to choose to see such an image,在最后的实验中,那些积极预测自己目睹不太悦目图片感受的受试者,他们选择此类图片的可能性较小。此处 picture were less likely to choose to see such an image=resist,是对于本段论点句的同义复现,因为选择 D 选项 resist。A 选项 trace 追踪,B 选项 define 定义;C 选项 replace 替代,皆不符合文意。16. A.conceal B.overlook C.design D.predict答案:D.predict考点:语义逻辑解析:本段首句是本段
22、的中心:然而,抵制病态的好奇心理是并非不可能。所以可以预测出这一段会围绕抵制病态的好奇心会有什么好的影响。In a final experiment,participants who were encouraged to 16 how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an image.16 题所在句子是 participants 的后置定语,用来修饰受测者,他们积极地去如何,与后面定语从句中目睹不太愉悦的照片后他们将(would)会有什么样的感觉,可以得
23、出是提前想象出来的,故选择 D predict,预测。17. A.choose B.remember C.promise D.pretend答案:A.choose考点:语义逻辑解析:此题所在句子结构化简后是 participants were less likely to 17 to see such an image。这里面的 such image 指的是上面提到的 an unpleasant picture,所以既然已经知道图片会带来不愉悦的感觉,就不可能去选择了,故选择 A choose 选择。18. A.relief B.outcome C.plan D.duty答案:B.outcom
24、e考点:语义逻辑解析:These results suggest that imagining the 18 of following through on ones curiosity ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor。 18 题所在位置是 the 18 offollowing through on ones curiosity ahead of time 此短语是 imagining 同位语,用来解释imagining:为利用好奇心可提前想象的结果。所以此题选择是 B。19. A.how B.why C
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