2017考研英语一真题及答案.doc

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1、2017考研英语一真题及答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding yes!1helping you feel close and2to people you care a

2、bout, it turns out that hugs can bring a3of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you4getting sick this winter.In a recent study5over 400 health adults, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived so

3、cial support and the receipt of hugs6the participants susceptibility to developing the common cold after being7to the virus .People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come8with a cold ,and the researchers9that the stress-reducing effects of hugging10about 32 percent of that ben

4、eficial effect.11among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe12.Hugging protects people who are under stress from the13risk for colds thats usually14with stress, notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie. Huggin

5、g is a marker of intimacy and helps15the feeling that others are there to help16difficulty.Some experts17the stress-reducing , health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin, often called the bonding hormone18it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mother and t

6、heir newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain , and some of it is released into the bloodstream. But some of it19in the brain, where it20mood, behavior and physiology.1A Unlike B Besides C Despite D Throughout【答案】B Besides2A connected B restricted C equal D i

7、nferior【答案】A connected3A choice B view C lesson D host【答案】D host4A recall B forget C avoid D keep【答案】C avoid5A collecting B involving C guiding D affecting【答案】B involving6A of B in C at D on【答案】D on7A devoted B exposed C lost D attracted【答案】B exposed8A across B along C down D out【答案】C down9A calcula

8、ted B denied C doubted D imagined【答案】A calculated10A served B required C restored D explained【答案】D explained11A Even B Still C Rather D Thus【答案】A Even12A defeats B symptoms C tests D errors【答案】B symptoms13A minimized B highlighted C controlled D increased【答案】D increased14A equipped B associated C pr

9、esented D compared【答案】B associated15A assess B moderate C generate D record【答案】C generate16A in the face of B in the form of C in the way of D in the name of【答案】A in the face of17A transfer B commit C attribute D return【答案】C attribute18A because B unless C though D until【答案】A because19A emerges B va

10、nishes C remains D decreases【答案】C remains20A experiences B combines C justifies Dinfluences【答案】DinfluencesSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)T

11、ext 1First two hours , now three hours-this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight , at least at some major U.S. airports with increasingly massive security lines.Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures in return for

12、increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804,which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea ,provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Waste

13、d time is a drag on Americans economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.Last year, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons-both fake and real-past airport security nearly every time they tried .Enh

14、anced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving Chicagos OHare International .It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become-but the lines are obvious.Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increa

15、se in airline travel , so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines stron

16、gly dispute this.There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screen

17、ing lanes. This allows the TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck.It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reason is sticker shock. Passengers must pay $85 every five years to process their background checks. Since the beginning, this price tag has been PreChecks fatal flaw.

18、Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level. But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most of the traveling public suf

19、fers in unnecessary lines. It is long past time to make the program work.21. the crash of Egypt Air Flight 804 is mentioned toA stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide.B highlight the necessity of upgrading major US airports.C explain Americans tolerance of current security checks.D emph

20、asis the importance of privacy protection.【答案】C explain Americans tolerance of current security checks.22. which of the following contributions to long waits at major airport?A New restrictions on carry-on bags.B The declining efficiency of the TSA.C An increase in the number of travelers.D Frequent

21、 unexpected secret checks.【答案】C An increase in the number of travelers.23.The word expedited (Line 4, Para.5) is closest in meaning toA faster.B quieter.C wider.D cheaper.【答案】A faster.24. One problem with the PreCheck program isA A dramatic reduction of its scale.B Its wrongly-directed implementatio

22、n.C The governments reluctance to back it.D An unreasonable price for enrollment.【答案】D An unreasonable price for enrollment.25. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A Less Screening for More SafetyB PreCheck-a Belated SolutionC Getting Stuck in Security LinesD Underused PreChe

23、ck Lanes【答案】B PreCheck-a Belated SolutionText 2The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers, wrote Queen Liliuokalani, Hawaiis last reigning monarch, in 1897. Star watchers were among the most esteemed members of Hawaiian society. Sadly, all is not well with astronomy in Hawaii today. Protests have erupte

24、d over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope(TMT), a giant observatory that promises to revolutionize humanitys view of the cosmos.At issue is the TMTs planned location on Mauna Kea, a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko , that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens. B

25、ut Mauna Kea is also home to some of the worlds most powerful telescopes. Rested in the Pacific Ocean, Mauna Keas peak rises above the bulk of our planets dense atmosphere, where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing new.

26、 A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environments have long viewed their presence as disrespect for sacred land and a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation.Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers. In their eagerness to build bigger telescop

27、es, they forgot that science is the only way of understanding the world. They did not always prioritize the protection of Mauna Keas fragile ecosystems or its holiness to the islands inhabitants. Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past; it is a living culture undergoing a renaissance today.Yet s

28、cience has a cultural history, too, with roots going back to the dawn of civilization. The same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon that first brought early Polynesians to Hawaiis shores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens. Calls to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea or

29、 to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are, where we come from and where we are going. Perhaps that is why we explore the starry skies, as if answering a primal calling to know ourselves and our true ance

30、stral homes.The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea. The TMT site was chosen to minimize the telescopes visibility around the island and to avoid archaeological and environmental impact. To limit the number of telescopes on Mauna Kea, old ones will be removed at

31、the end of their lifetimes and their sites returned to a natural state. There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage and to study the stars.26. Queen Liliuokalanis remark in Paragraph 1 indicatesA its conservative view on the historical role of a

32、stronomy.B the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian society.C the regrettable decline of astronomy in ancient times.D her appreciation of star watchers feats in her time.【答案】B the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian society.27. Mauna Kea is deemed as an ideal astronomical site due toA

33、 its geographical featuresB its protective surroundings.C its religious implications.D its existing infrastructure.【答案】A its geographical features28. The construction of the TMT is opposed by some locals partly becauseA it may risk ruining their intellectual life.B it reminds them of a humiliating h

34、istory.C their culture will lose a chance of revival.D they fear losing control of Mauna Kea.【答案】B it reminds them of a humiliating history.29. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that progress in todays astronomyA is fulfilling the dreams of ancient Hawaiians.B helps spread Hawaiian culture across

35、the world.C may uncover the origin of Hawaiian culture.D will eventually soften Hawaiians hostility.【答案】C may uncover the origin of Hawaiian culture.30. The authors attitude toward choosing Mauna Kea as the TMT site is one ofA severe criticism.B passive acceptance.C slight hesitancy.D full approval.

36、【答案】D full approval.Text 3Robert F. Kennedy once said that a countrys GDP measures everything except that which makes life worthwhile. With Britain voting to leave the European Union, and GDP already predicted to slow as a result, it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.The ques

37、tion of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century. Many argue that it is a flawed concept. It measures things that do not matter and misses things that do. By most recent measures, the UKs GDP has been the envy of the Western world, with record low unemployment and high

38、 growth figures. If everything was going so well, then why did over 17 million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about what it could do to their countrys economic prospects?A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that ques

39、tion. Across the 163 countries measured, the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens. Rather than just focusing on GDP, over 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have

40、 been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.While all of these countries face their own challenges , there are a number of consistent themes . Yes , there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash , but in key indicators in areas such as hea

41、lth and education , major economies have continued to decline . Yet this isnt the case with all countries . Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society , income equality and the environment.This is a lesson that rich countries can learn

42、 : When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a countrys success, the world looks very different .So, what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations , as a measure , it is no longer enough . It does not inclu

43、de important factors such as environmental quality or education outcomes - all things that contribute to a persons sense of well-being.The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth . Bu

44、t policymakers who refocus efforts on improving well-being rather than simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress .31.Robert F. Kennedy is cited because heApraised the UK for its GDP.Bidentified GDP with happiness .Cmisinterpreted the role of GDP .Dha

45、d a low opinion of GDP .【答案】D had a low opinion of GDP32.It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 thatAthe UK is reluctant to remold its economic pattern .BGDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UK .Cthe UK will contribute less to the world economy .Dpolicymakers in the UK are paying less

46、attention to GDP .【答案】BGDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UK .33.Which of the following is true about the recent annual study ?AIt is sponsored by 163 countries .BIt excludes GDP as an indicator.CIts criteria are questionable .DIts results are enlightening .【答案】DIts results are en

47、lightening .34.In the last two paragraphs , the author suggests thatAthe UK is preparing for an economic boom .Bhigh GDP foreshadows an economic decline .Cit is essential to consider factors beyond GDP .Dit requires caution to handle economic issues .【答案】Cit is essential to consider factors beyond GDP .35.Which of the following is the best title for the text ?AHigh GDP But Inadequate Well-being , a UK LessonBGDP Figures, a