高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧优点英语.pptx

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1、会计学1高考英语高考英语(yn y)阅读理解主旨大意题解题阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧优点英语技巧优点英语(yn y)第一页，共23页。What is the story mainly about?It is important to learn a foreign language.第1页/共23页第二页，共23页。考查学生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程考查学生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程度及在速读中准确度及在速读中准确(zhnqu)把握文章主旨大把握文章主旨大意的能力。意的能力。第2页/共23页第三页，共23页。to The author intends to.3) 标题类主旨大意标题

2、类主旨大意(dy)题题The best title for the passage might be 第3页/共23页第四页，共23页。第4页/共23页第五页，共23页。（1）主题句在段首）主题句在段首一个一个(y )主题句常常是一个主题句常常是一个(y )段落的开头，其后的句子则是论证段落的开头，其后的句子则是论证性细节。在说明文，科技文献和新性细节。在说明文，科技文献和新闻报道中多采用这种格式。闻报道中多采用这种格式。第5页/共23页第六页，共23页。落落(dunlu)的主题。本段的中心的主题。本段的中心思想在结尾句得到体现，它是此思想在结尾句得到体现，它是此段内容的结论。段内容的结论。第

3、6页/共23页第七页，共23页。引申在文中导出引申在文中导出, 而后又作进一步而后又作进一步的解释的解释, 支撑或发展支撑或发展.第7页/共23页第八页，共23页。常也都是一段话的主题句。常也都是一段话的主题句。n3)如果主题句含有如果主题句含有show, indicate和和suggest等词，重点看等词，重点看其后的宾语从句。其后的宾语从句。主题句在短文主题句在短文(dun wn)(dun wn)中间中间第8页/共23页第九页，共23页。, (xizu)方式也较为多见方式也较为多见. 通常通常, 前后前后表述主题的句子不是简单的重复表述主题的句子不是简单的重复, 后后面的表述往往有进一步的

4、引申或发面的表述往往有进一步的引申或发展的意味展的意味.第9页/共23页第十页，共23页。 (5) 从段落从段落(dunlu)中寻找高频率词中寻找高频率词任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开(zhn ki)的，因此，的，因此，许多文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出许多文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词 Sample 5 The passage is mainly about _. A. the construction of a road B. the design of a road C. t

5、he construction of two railways D. the design of two tunnels 文中重复出现的文中重复出现的词为关键词，一词为关键词，一般与主旨般与主旨(zhzh)相关相关第10页/共23页第十一页，共23页。 Sample 5 A new eight-kilometer road is under construction that links the port area with motorway system As part of the project, two four-kilometer road tunnels are being bui

6、lt below the central area of the city, The two tunnels are about 20 meters below the surface and are 12 meters wide, providing for two lanes of traffic in each direction. In the upper part of the tunnel two air-conditioning pipes remove the waste gas of trucks and cars and keep the quality of air in

7、side the tunnel. The lighting is at the top of the tunnel, The wall is made up of four main elements, which include a waterproofing covering and, on the inside of the tunnel, a concrete lining. Each tunnel is roughly round and the lower part of the tunnel is somewhat flat. along the length of the tu

8、nnel. The fire main is at the side of the tunnel and at the level of the road surface. Other systems in the tunnel will include emergency phones. 第11页/共23页第十二页，共23页。 (5) 从段落从段落(dunlu)中寻找高频率词中寻找高频率词任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此(ync)，许多文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出许多文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词

9、现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词 Sample 5 The passage is mainly about _. A. the construction of a road B. the design of a road C. the construction of two railways D. the design of two tunnels 文中重复出现文中重复出现的词为关键词，的词为关键词，一般与主旨一般与主旨(zhzh)相关相关第12页/共23页第十三页，共23页。第13页/共23页第十四页，共23页。 1.Lung cancer is the worst cancer kill

10、er in America . About 160,440 Americans die each year from it. More than 87 percent of lung cancers are smoking related, according to the Lung Cancer Organization.A. Lung cancer is the No.1 cancer killer B.Smoking is a bad habitC.LCO advises people to stop smokingD.Why did people die of Lung cancer?

11、The main idea of the passage is _.第14页/共23页第十五页，共23页。第15页/共23页第十六页，共23页。非文章非文章(wnzhng)事实的主观臆断事实的主观臆断第16页/共23页第十七页，共23页。.某个具体某个具体(jt)事实或细事实或细节节片面片面(pin min)推出的推出的错误结论错误结论某个某个(mu )具体事实具体事实或细节或细节第17页/共23页第十八页，共23页。5.Often no one looks more guilty than the innocent. On the other hand, nobody may look mo

12、re innocent than a professional criminal. And the man who knows “everything” may really only be trying to hide his own weakness. So, it is foolish to try to judge a person only by his appearance. What is the main idea of the passage? A. A professional criminal looks more innocent than others. B. Don

13、t judge others by appearance. C. So, it is foolish to judge a person only by his appearance D. Try to judge a person only by his appearance第18页/共23页第十九页，共23页。6. 即主题句隐含在全文中即主题句隐含在全文中, 没有明确的主题句没有明确的主题句. 必须根必须根据文篇中所提供的事实细节，进行全面考虑，综合分析据文篇中所提供的事实细节，进行全面考虑，综合分析，然后找出共同的东西，归纳成一般概念。必须注意的，然后找出共同的东西，归纳成一般概念。必须

14、注意的是，既不能以偏概全，也不能在概括是，既不能以偏概全，也不能在概括(giku)时过于宽时过于宽泛，要恰如其分。泛，要恰如其分。 Joshua Bingham studied 4 years at the University of Paris and decided to leave his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an ex

15、cellent legal background. He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida.Q: What is the main idea of the passage? A. How Joshua Bingham became a lawyer. B. Bingham is a diligent student. C. Joshua Bingham received an excellent education. D. A good lawyer needs good education. 第19页/共23页第二十页，共

16、23页。 How to Deal with the Problems on Reading Comprehension一、主旨一、主旨(zhzh)大意题大意题 （做题要领（做题要领）1. 干扰项干扰项 可能属文中某个可能属文中某个(mu )具体事实或细具体事实或细节。节。2. 干扰项干扰项 可能属从文中某些可能属从文中某些(mu xi) (不完全的不完全的) 事实或细节片面推出的错误结论。事实或细节片面推出的错误结论。3. 干扰项干扰项 可能属非文章事实的主观臆断。可能属非文章事实的主观臆断。(正确答案正确答案) 是根据文章意思全面理是根据文章意思全面理解而归纳概括出来的；但不能太笼统、言解而归纳概括出来的；但不能太笼统、言过其实或以偏概全。过其实或以偏概全。第20页/共23页第二十一页，共23页。第21页/共23页第二十二页，共23页。第22页/共23页第二十三页，共23页。