《初中英语句子结构和句子成分讲解学习教案.pptx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《初中英语句子结构和句子成分讲解学习教案.pptx(25页珍藏版)》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。
1、会计学1初中英语句子结构初中英语句子结构(jigu)和句子成分讲解和句子成分讲解第一页,共25页。句子句子(j zi)成份成份 句子句子(j zi)(j zi)一般由两个部分组成:一般由两个部分组成:主语主语(zhy)部分(部分( subject group)谓语部分(谓语部分( predicate group) 句子成份:句子成份:主主谓谓宾宾 表表补补定定状状第1页/共25页第二页,共25页。Members of sentence: S - subjectP - predicative O - objectAttri.-attributeAdv.- adverbOc - object co
2、mplement 主主宾宾表表宾补宾补定定状状第2页/共25页第三页,共25页。1) 主语主语(zhy)(subject)I like football.The boy needs a pen. 句子的主体,全句述说句子的主体,全句述说(sh shu)(sh shu)的对象。一般由的对象。一般由 担任担任, ,常置于句首。常置于句首。2) 谓语谓语(wiy)(predicate)说明主语的动作或状态。由说明主语的动作或状态。由 担任。担任。常置于主语后。常置于主语后。 The train leaves at 6 oclock.I want a ticket.,动词不定式动词不定式,动名词动名词
3、 或从句或从句名词名词,主格代词主格代词动词动词第3页/共25页第四页,共25页。3) 宾语(bny)(object)4) 表语(bioy)(predicative)He won the game. On the desk表示表示vt.的动作对象的动作对象(duxing)或或prep.所联系的对象所联系的对象(duxing)。由由n.或相当于或相当于n.的词担任。置于的词担任。置于vt.或或prep.后。后。Tome lost his life in the big fire.He is a student.用以表述主语的特征、状态、身份等。用以表述主语的特征、状态、身份等。由由n.n.或或a
4、dj.adj.担任。置于系动词之后。担任。置于系动词之后。第4页/共25页第五页,共25页。feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等。等。become, get, grow, turn, go,等等remain, keep, stay等等。第5页/共25页第六页,共25页。5) 宾补(宾补(objective complement) 补充说明宾语的情况补充说明宾语的情况(qngkung) (qngkung) 。由由n. /adj. /n. /adj. /介宾介宾 / /分词分词 / /不定式等担任。不定式等担任。They made him
5、king. I consider the book too expensive. 6) 定语(定语(attributive)对名词或代词起修饰、限定对名词或代词起修饰、限定(xindng)作用的词、短语或句作用的词、短语或句子,汉语中常用子,汉语中常用的的表示表示,通常位于被修饰的成分前。通常位于被修饰的成分前。The black bike is mine.( )第6页/共25页第七页,共25页。说明说明1:当定语修饰不定代词如:当定语修饰不定代词如:nothing , anything , everything , something 等时,定语要放在其后作后置定语等时,定语要放在其后作后置
6、定语 我告诉他一些有趣的事情我告诉他一些有趣的事情(sh qing)。 I tell him something interesting . 说明说明2:不定式、短语或从句作定语时,也放在被修饰的名词之后。:不定式、短语或从句作定语时,也放在被修饰的名词之后。 这间屋子里的男孩子们是这间屋子里的男孩子们是10班的。班的。 The students in the room are in Class Nine. 第7页/共25页第八页,共25页。7) 状语状语(zhungy)(adverbial)用以修饰用以修饰adj. /v. /adv.及全句及全句,位置灵活位置灵活(ln hu)。通常在句子基
7、。通常在句子基本结构之后,强调时放在句首;本结构之后,强调时放在句首;修饰形容词或副词时,通常位于被修饰的词之前;修饰形容词或副词时,通常位于被修饰的词之前;表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头,强调时放在句首,表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头,强调时放在句首,一些表示不确定时间(如:一些表示不确定时间(如:often)或程度(如:)或程度(如:almost)的副词状)的副词状语通常位于语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后,动词之前。动词、助动词、情态动词之后,动词之前。I am very sorry.We often help him. When I grow up ,
8、I am going to be a teacher . (从句(cn j)作时间状语) 第8页/共25页第九页,共25页。简单句并列句复合句第9页/共25页第十页,共25页。.简单句简单句1. Things changed.2. Trees are green.3. We dont beat children.4. He gave his sister the piano.5. I found the book easy. 主 + 谓主 + 谓 + 表主 + 谓 + 宾主 + 谓 + 间接宾语(bny) + 直接宾语(bny) 主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补第10页/共25页第十一页,共25页
9、。Nobody went.She became a doctor.The car caught fire.I will write you a long letter.I will let him go. PracticePractice 主 + 谓主 + 谓 + 表主 + 谓 + 宾主 + 谓 + 间接(jin ji)宾语 + 直接宾语主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补第11页/共25页第十二页,共25页。.并列句并列句This is me and these are my friends. They must stay in water, or they will die. Its not ch
10、eap, but it is very good. It was late, so I went to bed. andorbut soHe knocked at the door; there was no answer.Youre alive! And shes dead.第12页/共25页第十三页,共25页。名词名词(mng c)性从句性从句状语状语(zhungy)从句从句定语定语(dngy)从句从句主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句宾语从句宾语从句同位语从句同位语从句.复合句复合句A plane is a machine that can fly.He said that he didn
11、t like her.第13页/共25页第十四页,共25页。状语状语(zhungy)从句从句分为九类:时间、地点、原因、结果分为九类:时间、地点、原因、结果(ji gu)、 目的、条件、让步、方式、程度目的、条件、让步、方式、程度1) 时间(shjin)状语从句Wait until you are called.When spring came, leaves turn green.常用的关联词有:常用的关联词有:as, after, before, since, till/ until, when, while, as soon as, whenever等等第14页/共25页第十五页,共25
12、页。2) 地点状语(zhungy)从句Put it where you found it.Sit down wherever you like.常用常用(chn yn)的关联词有:的关联词有:where, wherever, anywhere3) 原因状语(zhungy)从句As I didnt know the way, I asked a policeman常用的关联词有:常用的关联词有:because, as, since第15页/共25页第十六页,共25页。4) 结果(ji gu)状语从句I was in the bath so that I didnt hear the teleph
13、one.常用常用(chn yn)的关联词有:的关联词有:so, so that, such that 5) 目的(md)状语从句Ill show you so you will see how its done.常用的关联词有:常用的关联词有:so, so that, in order that第16页/共25页第十七页,共25页。6) 条件(tiojin)状语从句If it snows tomorrow, we will build a snowman.常用常用(chn yn)的关联词有:的关联词有:if, unless, in case that, on condition that常用常
14、用(chn yn)的关联词有:的关联词有:though, although, even if, even though,7) 让步状语从句让步状语从句Though Im fond of music,I cant play any instrument.第17页/共25页第十八页,共25页。常用常用(chn yn)的关联词有:的关联词有:as, as if, as though, how常用常用(chn yn)的关联词有:的关联词有:so, so that, as far as, so long as8) 方式状语(zhungy)从句He did just as you told him.9)
15、程度状语从句程度状语从句So long as you need me, Ill stay. 第18页/共25页第十九页,共25页。名词名词(mng c)性性从句从句1) 主语主语(zhy)从句从句* What he said is not known.* That we shall be late is certain.* It is certain that we shall be late.* How strange it is that the children are so quiet! 第19页/共25页第二十页,共25页。2)表语)表语(bioy)从句从句* That is wha
16、t he wants to buy. * The problem is that who we can get to replace her?* The reason is that he has lied to me several times. 第20页/共25页第二十一页,共25页。3) 宾语宾语(bny)从句从句* I understand that he is well qualified.* He said that he didnt like her. * I dont know if you can help me.第21页/共25页第二十二页,共25页。4) 同位语从句(cn
17、 j)* Where did you get the idea that I couldnt come?* The question who should do the work requires consideration.* Mother made a promise that she would buy me a new coat.the ideaThe questiona promise第22页/共25页第二十三页,共25页。注意注意(zh y)!* that与与what都可以引导名词都可以引导名词(mng c)性从句。性从句。* what在从句中充当句子成份(主在从句中充当句子成份(主,宾宾,表)。表)。* That在句中只起连接作用,不充当成份。在句中只起连接作用,不充当成份。* that在引导名词在引导名词(mng c)性从句时不可省略(宾语性从句时不可省略(宾语从句除外)从句除外).That is what he wants to buy.That we shall be late is certain.He said (that) he didnt like her.引导引导(yndo)词词that & what 第23页/共25页第二十四页,共25页。第24页/共25页第二十五页,共25页。
限制150内