高中英语语法同位语从句.pptx

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1、会计学1高中高中(gozhng)英语语法同位语从句英语语法同位语从句第一页，共32页。noun clauses名词名词(mng c)性从句性从句subjective clause主语主语(zhy)从句从句objective clause宾语宾语(bny)从句从句predicative clause表语从句表语从句appositive clause同位语从句同位语从句第1页/共32页第二页，共32页。1.名词名词(mng c)性从句的引导词性从句的引导词that,whether,if,as ifthat,whether,if,as ifwhat,which,who,whom,what,which

2、,who,whom,whatever,whichever,whatever,whichever,whoever,whosewhoever,whosewhen,where,why,howwhen,where,why,how连词连词(linc)(linc)：连接连接(linji)(linji)代词：代词：连接副词：连接副词：2.如何判断从句？如何判断从句？宾语从句：宾语从句：位于及物动词或介词之后位于及物动词或介词之后表语从句：表语从句：位于连系动词之后位于连系动词之后主语从句：主语从句： 位于句首，即在谓语动词之前位于句首，即在谓语动词之前第2页/共32页第三页，共32页。主从主从(zhc(zh

3、cng)ng)宾从宾从(bn (bn cncn) )表从表从同位语从句同位语从句(cn j)(cn j)宾从宾从主从主从第3页/共32页第四页，共32页。我不知道我不知道(zh do)你在这儿你在这儿.I didnt know that you were here.I had no idea that you were here.宾语宾语(bny)(bny)从从句句同位语从句同位语从句(cn j)(cn j)第4页/共32页第五页，共32页。 The news that our team has won the game is true. 我们队赢了那场比赛我们队赢了那场比赛(bsi)的消息是

4、的消息是真的。真的。名词名词(mng (mng c)c)同位语从句同位语从句(cn j)(cn j)连接连接词词第5页/共32页第六页，共32页。 一一 .同位语从句同位语从句 1.概念概念:在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句就在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句就叫同位语从句。叫同位语从句。 2.功能功能:同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明(shumng)名词的具体内容名词的具体内容 3.用法用法: 常跟的抽象名词有常跟的抽象名词有: fact ,idea ,reason, problem, order , doubt , news, word, hope,

5、truth , wish, promise, belief ，advice4.连词连词(linc) that/whether/who/ whom/whose/which what/when/where/why/how第6页/共32页第七页，共32页。 同位语从句，即从句在句中作主语或宾语的同同位语从句，即从句在句中作主语或宾语的同位语，是对句子主语或宾语的解释位语，是对句子主语或宾语的解释(jish)(jish)、说明。、说明。I have no idea I have no idea that you were here.that you were here.The news The new

6、s that we won the gamethat we won the game is exciting. is exciting.The question The question whether hell attend the whether hell attend the meetingmeeting is important. is important.第7页/共32页第八页，共32页。.连接词连接词that引导引导(yndo)的同位语从句的同位语从句如果同位语从句如果同位语从句(cn j)意义完整，用意义完整，用that连接；连接；that在在从句从句(cn j)中不充当成分中不

7、充当成分,只起连接作用，但是不可以省只起连接作用，但是不可以省略。略。He told me the news that he would come home from aboard soon.1.他告诉我一个消息他告诉我一个消息(xio xi),他马上要从国外回国他马上要从国外回国.（解释说明（解释说明）第8页/共32页第九页，共32页。如果同位语从句如果同位语从句(cn j)不完整，需用不完整，需用“是否是否”的含义，的含义，只用只用whether引导引导,不用不用if.1.这个问题这个问题(wnt)是否正确还未被证实是否正确还未被证实.The problem _ is right hasn

8、t been proved.连接词连接词whether引导引导(yndo)的同位语从句的同位语从句whether第9页/共32页第十页，共32页。.连接词代词连接词代词what/which/who whom/whose引导引导(yndo)的同位语从句的同位语从句e.g 1.谁会出国这个问题还未决定谁会出国这个问题还未决定. 2.我不知道我不知道(zh do)该选哪个该选哪个. 1.The question _ should go abroad hasnt been decided yet.2. I have no idea _ one I should choose.whichwho(定语定语

9、(dngy)(主语主语) 如果同位语从句意义不完整，需加如果同位语从句意义不完整，需加“什么什么”“”“哪个哪个”“”“谁谁”等连接代词，需用等连接代词，需用what,which,who等在从句等在从句中中充当充当成分成分第10页/共32页第十一页，共32页。.连接词副词连接词副词when/where/why/how 引导引导(yndo)的同位语从句的同位语从句 e.g 1.我了解他们为什么离开得那么我了解他们为什么离开得那么(n me)早早. 2. 我们还没决定好去哪儿我们还没决定好去哪儿. 1.Ive got a good idea _ they left early.2.The ques

10、tion _ we should go has not been decided.whywhere如果同位语从句意义不完整，需增加如果同位语从句意义不完整，需增加“什么时候什么时候(sh hou)”,“什么地点什么地点”,“什么原因什么原因”,“什么什么方式方式”，需用，需用when, where, why ,how 引导同位引导同位语从句。语从句。第11页/共32页第十二页，共32页。1. 同位语从句有时被别的词或短语把它和名同位语从句有时被别的词或短语把它和名词词(mng c)隔开：（谓语较短，同位语从句较隔开：（谓语较短，同位语从句较长）长）注意注意: :1:The story goes

11、 that William Tell killed the king with an arrow.2:Word came that their team had won.（word：n消息消息(xio xi)）分隔分隔(fng)(fng)式同位语从句式同位语从句第12页/共32页第十三页，共32页。Word came that 消息(xio xi)传来说 News came that 消息(xio xi)传来说A story goes that 传说 A saying goes that . 有一句谚语说第13页/共32页第十四页，共32页。1、Well discuss the problem

12、 if the sports meeting will be held on time. 2、They expressed the hope they would come to visit China again. 3、I have no idea where is she. 从句里要用陈述语序从句里要用陈述语序(yx)：连接词：连接词+主语主语+谓语谓语+ 4.My suggestion was that we canceled the examination.demand ，suggestion, proposal等同位语从句的谓语(wiy)动词要用虚拟语气，即: ( should )

13、+ 动词原形she is.she is.(should) cancel(should) cancelwhetherwhetherthatthat第14页/共32页第十五页，共32页。1. Word came _ our army had won the battle A. when B. where C. what D. that2. There is much chance _ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race. A. that B. which C. until D. if D D考考你考考你A A第15页/共32

14、页第十六页，共32页。3. I have no idea _ he will start. 3. I have no idea _ he will start. A. when B. that C. what D. / A. when B. that C. what D. / 4. His suggestion _ the meeting be4. His suggestion _ the meeting be delayed was turned down. delayed was turned down. A. which B. that C. / D. it A. which B. th

15、at C. / D. it 5. We haven5. We havent settled the question _ it t settled the question _ it is necessary for him to study abroad. is necessary for him to study abroad. A. if B. where C. whether D. that A. if B. where C. whether D. thatB BC CA A第16页/共32页第十七页，共32页。大家注意啦！第17页/共32页第十八页，共32页。1) The news

16、that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年(mngnin)(mngnin)将出国。）将出国。）定语定语(dngy)(dngy)从句从句宾语宾语(bny)(bny)同位语从句同位语从句(汤姆将出国的消息汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的）是他讲的）第18页/共32页第十九页，共32页。第19页/共32页第二十页，共32页。Lets have a try at once同位语从句：同位语从句

17、：they would come to visit China 对对hope 进行进行(jnxng)具体的说明。具体的说明。定语从句：定语从句： hope 充当充当(chngdng)express的宾语。的宾语。第20页/共32页第二十一页，共32页。whether, how, whatwhether, how, what第21页/共32页第二十二页，共32页。The news The news that our team has won the gamethat our team has won the game was true.was true.The news The news tha

18、t he told me yesterdaythat he told me yesterday was true. was true. news = our team has won the gamenews = our team has won the gameThe news 是从句是从句(cn j)里里he told me 的直接宾语的直接宾语(是同位语从句是同位语从句(cn j)）（是定语（是定语(dngy)(dngy)从句）从句）第22页/共32页第二十三页，共32页。1.The news that there are no lives on the moon is known to

19、 us all. ( )2.The news that you heard is not true. ( )3.Have you any idea who he went with? ( )4.Is there any hope that they will be home in time? ( )5.The problem that you referred to doesnt exist at all. ( )同位语从句同位语从句(cn j)(cn j)定语定语(dngy)(dngy)从句从句同位语从句同位语从句(cn j)(cn j)同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句第23页/共32页

20、第二十四页，共32页。1.填入适当的连接词，并判断是定语从句填入适当的连接词，并判断是定语从句(cn j)还是同位语从句还是同位语从句(cn j)： 1) The fact_ he used to be a thief is known to all. 2) We were surprised by the fact _ she told us. 3) The next thing _ must be done is to make a plan.thatthat同同that/whichthat/which定定thatthat定定测试测试(csh)(csh)性性评价评价第24页/共32页第二十

21、五页，共32页。thatthat同同thatthat同同thatthat同同第25页/共32页第二十六页，共32页。1. We dont think you two have met before. 我们我们(w men)想你们两位以前没有见想你们两位以前没有见过面。过面。 (宾语从句宾语从句)翻译句子翻译句子, ,并说明这个名词性从句并说明这个名词性从句(cn j)(cn j)的的作用。作用。第26页/共32页第二十七页，共32页。2. It is certain that John will do well in his exam. 约翰肯定会考好。约翰肯定会考好。 (主语主语(zhy)从

22、句从句)3. Whether they are coming or not dont matter too much. 他们来不来无关紧要。他们来不来无关紧要。 (主语主语(zhy)从句从句)第27页/共32页第二十八页，共32页。4. Now is when we need him most. 现在是我们最需要他的时候。现在是我们最需要他的时候。 (表语表语(bioy)从句从句)5. I have no idea how she got through the forest. 我不知道她是如何穿过那个森林的。我不知道她是如何穿过那个森林的。 (同位语从句同位语从句)第28页/共32页第二十九

23、页，共32页。6. The fact that they won the prize made us happy. 他们获奖的事实令我们他们获奖的事实令我们(w men)高兴高兴。 (同位语从句同位语从句)第29页/共32页第三十页，共32页。用适当的连接代词或连接副词用适当的连接代词或连接副词(fc)填空。填空。7. I cant decide _ book I should buy.8. China is no longer _ it used to be.9. I am very interested in _ he improved his English in such a shor

24、t time.10. _ we need is more money.which which what what how how WhatWhat第30页/共32页第三十一页，共32页。11. The truth _ the earth turns around 11. The truth _ the earth turns around the sun is known to us.the sun is known to us.12. _ and _ we will meet has not 12. _ and _ we will meet has not been decided yet.been decided yet.thatthatWhenWhenwherewhere第31页/共32页第三十二页，共32页。