中华传统文化词汇.doc

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1、【精品文档】如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流中华传统文化词汇.精品文档.口译分类词汇中国文化 口译分类词汇中国文化概述 General Terms 爱国主义精神 patriotism 诚实守信 honesty 公民道德建设实施纲要 The Program for Improving Civic Morality 集体主义 collectivism 弘扬主旋律，提倡多样化 highlight the central theme of the times while encouraging diversity 全民健身运动 nationwide fitness campaign 社会公德，

2、职业道德和家庭美德教育 education in social and professional ethics and family virtues 为人民服务 serving the people 深入群众，深入生活 go deep among the masses and into the thick of life 奉献无愧于时代的作品 contribute to the people works worthy of the times 中华文明博大精深，源远流长 The Chinese civilization is extensive and profound , and has a

3、 long history 重要文化遗产 major cultural heritage 优秀民间艺术 outstanding folk arts 自立于世界民族之林 stand proudly in the family of nations 艺术及工艺 Arts and Crafts 版画 engraving 贝雕画 shell carving picture 彩塑 painted sculpture 瓷器 porcelain; china 刺绣 embroidery 雕刻 carving 宫灯 palace lantern 国画 Chinese painting 剪纸 paper-cut

4、 景德镇瓷 Jingdezhen porcelain 景泰蓝 cloisonn enamel 蜡染 batik 卖秸画 straw patchwork 木/石/竹刻 wood/stone/bamboo carving 木刻画 wood engraving 泥人儿 clay figure 皮影 shadow puppet 漆画 lacquer painting 漆器 lacquer ware 双面绣 two-sided embroidery 水墨画 Chinese brush drawing ink and wash painting 檀香扇 sandalwood fan 唐三彩 Tang tr

5、i-colored pottery 陶器 pottery earthenware 图章 seal 拓碑 making rubbings from inscriptions , pictures , etc . on stone tablets 拓片 rubbing 微雕 miniature engraving 象牙雕刻 ivory carving 宜兴陶 Yixing pottery 篆刻 seal cutting 戏剧表演 Theatrical Performances 京剧人物脸谱 types of facial makeup in Beijing opera 生 male charact

6、ers 末 middle-aged male characters 净 “painted face” characters 旦 female characters 丑 clown 京剧票友 amateur performer of Peking Opera 木偶戏 puppet show 独角戏 monodrama; one-man play 皮影戏 shadow play leather-silhouette show 折子戏 opera highlights 戏剧小品 skit 哑剧 dumb show mime mummery pantomime 单口相声 monologue comic

7、 talk 双口相声 witty dialogue 口技 vocal imitations ventriloquism 说书 monologue story-telling 杂技 acrobatic performance 叠罗汉 making a human pyramid 特技 stunt 踩高跷 stilt walk 马戏 circus performances神话人物 Mythological Figures 八仙 the Eight Immortals 嫦娥 Changs ( the Chinese moon goddess) 伏羲 Fu Xi (God of Fishery and

8、 Husbandry) 福禄寿三星 the three gods of fortune , prosperity and longevity 共工 God of Water 后羿 Houyi (a legendary hero who shot down nine suns ) 黄帝 Yellow Emperor 夸父 Kuafu (a fabled sun-chasing giant ) 女娲 Goddess of Sky-patching 盘古 Pan Gu (creator of the universe ) 神农 Patron of Agriculture 禹 Yu ( the rep

9、uted founder of the Xia Dynasty ) 祝融 God of Fire 古代建筑 Ancient Architecture 塔 pagoda 琉璃塔 glazed stupa 舍利塔 dagoba sarira stupa ( a pagoda for Buddhist relics ) 舍利子 sarira remains from cremation of Buddhas of saints body 喇叭塔 Lamaist pagoda 楼 storied buildings 钟楼 bell tower 鼓楼 drum tower 阁 pavilion 烽火台

10、beacon tower 华表 ornamental column 牌坊 memorial archway 色，香，味俱全 perfect combination of color , aroma , taste and appearance 四大菜系：山东菜，四川菜，粤菜，扬州菜 four major Chinese cuisines: Shandong cuisine , Sichuan cuisine , Canton cuisine and Yangzhou cuisine 南淡北咸，东甜西辣 the light southern cuisine , and the salty nor

11、thern cuisine the sweet eastern cuisine , and the spicy western cuisine 八宝菜 eight-treasure pickles ( assorted walnut meats , asparagus , lettuce , almonds , cucumber and peanuts , etc . pickled in soy sauce ) 八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding (glutinous rice steamed with preserved fruits , sweetened b

12、ean paste , lotus seeds , longan , etc.) 白斩鸡 tender boiled chicken (made by boiling a whole chicken in water and cutting into cubes , then dipping into seasonings ) 臭豆腐 odd-odour bean curb 粉蒸肉 pork streamed with rice flour 风味小吃 local delicacy 腐竹 rolls of dried bean milk cream 冷盘 hors doeuvres 萨琪玛 Ma

13、nchu candied fritter cut in squares 刀切，火候 Cutting and Slicing Techniques , Heat Control 切片 slicing 切条 cutting to strips 切丝 shredding 切柳 filleting 切丁 dicing 切碎 mincing 磨碎 grinding 大/旺/武火 strong heat 中火 medium heat 小/微/文火 gentle heat 烹饪方法 Cooking Techniques 煎 pan-frying 炒 stir-frying 爆 quick-frying 炸

14、deep-frying 烩 stewing 熏 smoking 煨 simmering 煮 boiling 烘 baking 烤 roasting 蒸 steaming 红烧 braising (with soy sauce ) 涮羊肉 dip-boiled mutton slices 羊肉串小摊 mutton barbecue stall 宗教 Religions 佛教 Buddhism 释迦牟尼 Sakyamuni 佛寺 Buddhist temple 大雄宝殿 the Great Buddhas Hall 藏经楼 depositary of Buddhist texts 金刚经 Vajr

15、acchedika-sutra 素菜馆 vegetarian restaurant 罗汉堂 arhat hall 观音 Guanyin; Goddess of Mercy; Avalokitesvara 地藏 God of Earth 四大金刚 Four Heavenly Guardians (at the entrance to a Buddhism temple);Four Devarajas 四大天王 Four Heavenly Kings 因果报应 karma 藏传佛教 Lamaism 大藏经 Tripitaka 转世灵童 reincarnated soul boy 喇嘛庙 lamas

16、ery 道教 Taoism 道观 Taoist temple 道士 Taoist priest 关帝庙 temple of Lord Guan 儒教 Confucianism 孔子庙 Confucian temple 孔子 Confucius 义，礼，智，信，忠，恕，孝，悌 rightness, propriety , wisdom , trustworthiness , loyalty , reciprocity ,filial piety , brotherly love 学儿优则仕 A good scholar can become an official ./ He who excel

17、s in study can follow an official career . 禅宗 Zen Buddhism 不立别传，不立文字，直指人心，见性成佛。 There belief is passed on outside the religion There is no reliance on written scripts It goes straight into peoples minds . One becomes a Buddha the moment He sees his own Buddha nature . 伊斯兰教 Islam 清真寺 mosques 古兰经 the

18、Koran 耶稣教 Christianity 耶稣基督 Jesus Christ 洗礼 baptism 天主教 Catholicism 天主教堂 Catholic church 古代典籍 Famous Ancient Books 春秋 The Spring and Autumn Annals 史记 Historical Records 诗经 The Book of Songs 书经 The Book of History 易经 The Book of Changes 礼记 The Book of Rites 四书： The Four Books: 大学 The Great Learning 中

19、庸 The Doctrine of the Mean 论语 The Analects of Confucius 孟子 The Mencius 山海经 The Classic of Mountains and Rivers 本草纲目 Compendium of Materia Medica 资治通鉴 History Retold as a Mirror for Rulers 西厢记 The Romance of West Chamber 三国演义 The Romance of the Three Kingdoms 水浒传 Heroes of the Marshes Water Margins 西

20、游记 Pilgrimage to the West 红楼梦 Dream of the Red Mansions The story of the Stone 聊斋志异 Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio 六艺：礼，乐，射，御，书，数 six classical arts: rites , music , archery , riding , writing , arithmetic 朦胧诗 misty poetry 三字经 three-character scripture 武侠小说 tales of roving knights; martial arts novel a kung fu novel 言情小说 romantic fiction sentimental novel 八股文 eight-part essay stereotyped writing 五言绝句 five-character quatrain 七言律诗 seven-character octave