全国硕士研究生入学考试——英语一测评卷.doc

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1、【精品文档】如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流全国硕士研究生入学考试英语一测评卷.精品文档.全国硕士研究生入学考试英语（一）测评卷（满分100分）一、完形填空（10分 每题1分 共10题）Manpower Inc., with 560,000 workers, is the worlds largest temporary employment agency. Every morning, its people into the offices and factories of America, seeking a days work for a days pay. One day at

2、 a time. industrial giants like General Motors and IBM struggle to survive reducing the number of employees, Manpower, based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, is booming. its economy continues to recover, the US is increasingly becoming a nation of part-timers and temporary workers. This “” work force is the

3、 most important in American business today, and it is changing the relationship between people and their jobs. The phenomenon provides a way for companies to remain globally competitive avoiding market cycles and the growing burdens by employment rules, healthcare costs and pension plans. For worker

4、s it can mean an end to the security, benefits and sense of that came from being a loyal employee.1 .AswarmBstrideCseparate（A）Dslip2 .AForBBecauseCAs（C）DSince3 .AfromBinCon（D）Dby4 .AEven thoughBNow thatCIf only（A）DProvided that5 .AdurableBdisposableCavailable（B）Dtransferable6 .AapproachBflowCfashion

5、（D）Dtrend7 .AinstantlyBreverselyCfundamentally（C）Dsufficiently8 .AbutBwhileCand（B）Dwhereas9 .AimposedBrestrictedCillustrated（A）Dconfined10.AexcitementBconvictionCenthusiasm（D）Dimportance二、阅读理解（40分 每题4分 共10题）Text1It is said that in England death is pressing, in Canada inevitable and in California opt

6、ional. Small wonder. Americans life expectancy has nearly doubled over the past century. Failing hips can be replaced, clinical depression controlled, cataracts removed in a 30-minute surgical procedure. Such advances offer the aging population a quality of life that was unimaginable when I entered

7、medicine 50 years ago. But not even a great health-care system can cure death - and our failure to confront that reality now threatens this greatness of ours.Death is normal; we are genetically programmed to disintegrate and perish, even under ideal conditions. We all understand that at some level,

8、yet as medical consumers we treat death as a problem to be solved. Shielded by third-party payers from the cost of our care, we demand everything that can possibly be done for us, even if its useless. The most obvious example is late-stage cancer care. Physicians - frustrated by their inability to c

9、ure the disease and fearing loss of hope in the patient - too often offer aggressive treatment far beyond what is scientifically justified.In 1950, the U.S. spent $12.7 billion on health care. In 2002, the cost will be $1,540 billion. Anyone can see this trend is unsustainable. Yet few seem willing

10、to try to reverse it. Some scholars conclude that a government with finite resources should simply stop paying for medical care that sustains life beyond a certain age - say 83 or so. Former Colorado governor Richard Lamm has been quoted as saying that the old and infirm “have a duty to die and get

11、out of the way,” so that younger, healthier people can realize their potential.I would not go that far. Energetic people now routinely work through their 60s and beyond, and remain dazzlingly productive. At 78, Viacom chairman Sumner Redstone jokingly claims to be 53. Supreme Court Justice Sandra Da

12、y OConnor is in her 70s, and former surgeon general C. Everett Koop chairs an Internet start-up in his 80s. These leaders are living proof that prevention works and that we can manage the health problems that come naturally with age. As a mere 68-year-old, I wish to age as productively as they have.

13、Yet there are limits to what a society can spend in this pursuit. As a physician, I know the most costly and dramatic measures may be ineffective and painful. I also know that people in Japan and Sweden, countries that spend far less on medical care, have achieved longer, healthier lives than we hav

14、e. As a nation, we may be overfunding the quest for unlikely cures while underfunding research on humbler therapies that could improve peoples lives.11.What is implied in the first sentence?A Americans are better prepared for death than other people.B Americans enjoy a higher life quality than ever

15、before.C Americans are over-confident of their medical technology.（C）D Americans take a vain pride in their long life expectancy.12.The author uses the example of cancer patients to show that _.A medical resources are often wastedB doctors are helpless against fatal diseasesC some treatments are too

16、 aggressive（A）D medical costs are becoming unaffordable13.The authors attitude toward Richard Lamms remark is one of _.A strong disapprovalB reserved consentC slight contempt（B）D enthusiastic support14.In contrast to the U.S., Japan and Sweden are funding their medical care _.A more flexiblyB more e

17、xtravagantlyC more cautiously（D）D more reasonably15.The text intends to express the idea that _.A medicine will further prolong peoples livesB life beyond a certain limit is not worth livingC death should be accepted as a fact of life（C）D excessive demands increase the cost of health careText 2Strat

18、ford-on-Avon, as we all know, has only one industry - William Shakespeare - but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches. There is the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC), which presents superb productions of the plays at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre on the Avon. And there

19、 are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come, not to see the plays, but to look at Anne Hathaways Cottage, Shakespeares birthplace and the other sights.The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theatre adds a penny to their revenue. They frankly dislike the RSCs actors, them

20、with their long hair and beards and sandals and noisiness. Its all deliciously ironic when you consider that Shakespeare, who earns their living, was himself an actor (with a beard) and did his share of noise-making.The tourist streams are not entirely separate. The sightseers who come by bus - and

21、often take in Warwick Castle and Blenheim Palace on the side - dont usually see the plays, and some of them are even surprised to find a theatre in Stratford. However, the playgoers do manage a little sight-seeing along with their playgoing. It is the playgoers, the RSC contends, who bring in much o

22、f the towns revenue because they spend the night (some of them four or five nights) pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants. The sightseers can take in everything and get out of town by nightfall.The townsfolk dont see it this way and local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of

23、 the Royal Shakespeare Company. Stratford cries poor traditionally. Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge. Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Ro

24、om, and so forth, and will be very expensive.Anyway, the townsfolk cant understand why the Royal Shakespeare Company needs a subsidy. (The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a row. Last year its 1,431 seats were 94 percent occupied all year long and this year theyll do better.)

25、 The reason, of course, is that costs have rocketed and ticket prices have stayed low.It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would drive away the young people who are Stratfords most attractive clientele. They come entirely for the plays, not the sights. They all seem to look alike

26、(though they come from all over) - lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing-room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10

27、:30 a.m.16.From the first two paragraphs, we learn that _.A the townsfolk deny the RSCs contribution to the towns revenueB the actors of the RSC imitate Shakespeare on and off stageC the two branches of the RSC are not on good terms（A）D the townsfolk earn little from tourism17.It can be inferred fro

28、m Paragraph 3 that _.A the sightseers cannot visit the Castle and the Palace separatelyB the playgoers spend more money than the sightseersC the sightseers do more shopping than the playgoers（B）D the playgoers go to no other places in town than the theater18.By saying “Stratford cries poor tradition

29、ally” (Line 2-3, Paragraph 4), the author implies that _.A Stratford cannot afford the expansion projectsB Stratford has long been in financial difficultiesC the town is not really short of money（C）D the townsfolk used to be poorly paid19.According to the townsfolk, the RSC deserves no subsidy becau

30、se _.A ticket prices can be raised to cover the spendingB the company is financially ill-managedC the behavior of the actors is not socially acceptable（D）D the theatre attendance is on the rise20.From the text we can conclude that the author _.A is supportive of both sidesB favors the townsfolks vie

31、wC takes a detached attitude（D）D is sympathetic to the RSC三、新题型（15分 每题3分 共5题）Directions:You are going to read a list of headings and a text about what parents are supposed to do to guide their children into adulthood. Choose a heading from the list AG that best fits the meaning of each numbered part

32、 of the text (21-25). The first and last paragraphs of the text are not numbered. There are two extra headings that you do not need to use. A. Set a Good Example for Your KidsB. Build Your Kids Work SkillsC. Place Time Limits on Leisure ActivitiesD. Talk about the Future on a Regular BasisE. Help Ki

33、ds Develop Coping StrategiesF. Help Your Kids Figure Out Who They AreG. Build Your Kids Sense of ResponsibilityHow Can a Parent Help?Mothers and fathers can do a lot to ensure a safe landing in early adulthood for their kids. Even if a jobs starting salary seems too small to satisfy an emerging adul

34、ts need for rapid content, the transition from school to work can be less of a setback if the start-up adult is ready for the move. Here are a few measures, drawn from my book Ready or Not, Here Life Comes, that parents can take to prevent what I call “work-life unreadiness.”21_You can start this pr

35、ocess when they are 11 or 12. Periodically review their emerging strengths and weaknesses with them and work together on any shortcomings, like difficulty in communicating well or collaborating. Also, identify the kinds of interests they keep coming back to, as these offer clues to the careers that

36、will fit them best.22_Kids need a range of authentic role models as opposed to members of their clique, pop stars and vaunted athletes. Have regular dinner-table discussions about people the family knows and how they got where they are. Discuss the joys and downsides of your own career and encourage

37、 your kids to form some ideas about their own future. When asked what they want to do, they should be discouraged from saying “I have no idea.” They can change their minds 200 times, but having only a foggy view of the future is of little good.23_Teachers are responsible for teaching kids how to lea

38、rn; parents should be responsible for teaching them how to work. Assign responsibilities around the house and make sure homework deadlines are met. Encourage teenagers to take a part-time job. Kids need plenty of practice delaying gratification and deploying effective organizational skills, such as

39、managing time and setting priorities.24_Playing video games encourages immediate content. And hours of watching TV shows with canned laughter only teaches kids to process information in a passive way. At the same time, listening through earphones to the same monotonous beats for long stretches encou

40、rages kids to stay inside their bubble instead of pursuing other endeavors. All these activities can prevent the growth of important communication and thinking skills and make it difficult for kids to develop the kind of sustained concentration they will need for most jobs.25_They should know how to

41、 deal with setbacks, stresses and feelings of inadequacy. They should also learn how to solve problems and resolve conflicts, ways to brainstorm and think critically. Discussions at home can help kids practice doing these things and help them apply these skills to everyday life situations.四、英译汉（15分

42、每题5分 共3题）26) The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be.27) We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spok

43、e them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages.28) The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data.五、作文（20分）Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the flowing. In your essay, you should1) describe the drawing briefly,2) explain its intended meaning, and then3) give your comments.