全国高考英语单项选择题解析精品汇总.doc

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1、【精品文档】如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流全国高考英语单项选择题解析精品汇总.精品文档.新课标全国高考英语单项选择题解析 精品汇总代词专题1.(全国卷II,11) I got this bicycle for ;My friend gave it to me when she bought a new one. A. everything B. something C. anything D. nothing答案：D解析：考查复合不定代词的用法。句意为”我没花钱就得了这辆自行车；我的朋友买了一辆新车，就把这辆给了我。”根据后面“gave it to me”可判断没花钱，nothing

2、表否定，for表示交换。2. (北京卷,34）The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase .A. them B. those C. it D. that答案：C解析：考查代词it的用法。句意为“由于当地政府的努力，大城市里的就业率持续升高。”it代指前面交代过的“the employment rate”，是单数，而them和those是复数。3. (天津卷,1）We feel our duty to make

3、our country a better place.A. it B. this C. that D. one答案：A解析：考查代词it的用法。句意为“我们觉得将我们的国家变得更好是我们的职责。”it在此句中充当形式宾语，代指“to make our country a better place”。4. (上海春招,26）They produced two reports, _ of which contained any useful suggestions.A. eitherB. allC. noneD. neither答案：D解析：考查不定代词的用法。句意为“他们提供了两份报告，没有一份

4、报告含有任何有用的建议。”neither两个都不；either两者之一，但后半句里的“any useful suggestions”与否定连用；all与none指三个或三个以上，与前面的“two reports”不相一致。5. (山东卷,24) The two girls are so alike that strangers find _ difficult to tell one from the other.A. it B. them C. her D. that答案：A解析：考查it的用法。句意为“这两个女孩长得很相似，不熟悉的人很难将她俩区分开来。”it在此句中充当形式宾语，代指“t

5、o tell one from the other”。6. (福建卷,21）We have various summer camps for your holidays. You can choose _ based on your own interests. A. either B. each C. one D. it 答案：C解析：考查不定代词one的用法。句意为“在你们的假期里，我们这儿有各种暑期夏令营，你们可以根据自己的兴趣任选一个。”one代替单数可数名词，表泛指，相当于“a/an + 单数名词”。这里泛指某个summer camp夏令营。7. (安徽卷,22）Surprising

6、ly, Susans beautiful hair reached below her knees and made_ almost an overcoat for her.A. them B. her C. itself D. herself 答案：C解析：考查反身代词的用法。句意为“令人惊叹的是，Susan美丽的长发垂到她的膝盖下面，就像一件外套似的。”反身代词itself指的是前面提到的beautiful hair。而them、her和herself指的都是人。8.(浙江卷,7) Since people are fond of humor, it is as welcome in co

7、nversation as _ else. A. anything B. something C. anywhere D. somewhere 答案：C解析：考查代词。句意为“人们喜爱幽默，所以，在谈话中或者别的什么地方的幽默都受人欢迎。”疑问副词anywhere与else连用，表示（除了in conversation的）其他任何地方，表示场合的。而anything和something是表示超越场合的事物。9. (四川卷,3）There is in his words. We should have a try.A. something B. anything C.nothing D.ever

8、ything答案：A解析：考查代词。句意为“他的话有些道理，我们应该试一试。”something 不简单的事,可观的成绩,有些地位的人。10. (重庆卷,27）Silly me! I forget what my luggage looks like.What do you think of over there?A. the one B. this C.it D.that答案：D解析：考查指示代词的用法。句意为“我真傻！想不起来自己的行李是什么样子的。你看看那边的是不是你的？”指示代词that指时间与空间上较远的事物，over there交代了空间上的远距离。this指时间与空间上较近的事物

9、，the one和it都特指前面曾经交代过的事物。11. (陕西卷,16）Would you get me a bar of chocolate from the kitchen, dear? one? A.Other B.Every C.Another D.More答案：C解析：考查不定代词与数词的连用。句意为“亲爱的，可不可以到厨房里给我拿一块巧克力来？还要吃一块？”A.Other B.Every another 与数词连用时，数词放在another的后面，如another three chairs; other和more与数词连用时，数词放在它们的前面，如one more apple,

10、two other boys。12. (湖南卷,24）I knew that _ would ever discourage him; he would never give up wanting to be a director. A. something B. anything C. everything D.nothing 答案：D解析：考查不定代词的用法。句意为“我知道没有什么能够阻止他；他决不会放弃做一名导演的念头。”根据后面“never give up”可知前面相应地也要用否定性的不定代词nothing。13. (辽宁卷,27) Would you like tea or coff

11、ee? , thank you. Ive just had some water.A. Either B. Both C. Any D. Neither答案：D解析：考查不定代词。句意为“你是想喝茶还是咖啡？谢谢你，都不想喝。我刚才已经喝了水了。”通过后面“Ive just had some water”可以判定是拒绝tea 和coffee。neither“两者中哪个都不”，其所指范围是两个人或物；either表示“两者中的任何一个”；both“两个都”，修饰可数名词，统指两者；any用于肯定句，作“任何的”解。14.(江西卷25）Why dont you bring _ to his att

12、ention that youre too ill to work on?A. that B.it C.his D.him答案：B解析：考查代词it作形式宾语的用法。句意为“为什么你不让他注意到你病得太严重了以至于不能工作？”it作形式宾语，指代句子后面that引导的宾语从句。全国高考英语单项选择题解析 动词和短语动词专题1. (全国卷,34) William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to .A.disappear B.fall C.fail D.damage答案：C解析：考

13、查动词的辨析。disappear消失，不复存在；fall降落，跌倒，降低；fail (指健康)衰退, 衰弱；damage损害, 毁坏, 加害于。句意为“William 发现阅读越来越困难了，因为他的视力开始衰退了。”“increasingly difficult越来越困难”是个渐进的过程，故选C。2.(全国卷II,10) Mary, I_John of his promise to help you. A. told B. reminded C. warned D. advised答案：B解析：考查动词的辨析。句意为“玛丽，我已经提醒约翰注意他帮助你的承诺了。”remind of就提醒(某人)

14、，使(某人)想起；warn含有警告的意思。3.（天津卷,6）I a bank account after I made1,000 by doing a part-time job during the summer vacation.A.borrowed B.opened C.entered D.ordered答案：B解析：考查动词的辨析。句意为“暑假兼职打工挣了1000美元后，我在银行开了帐户。”open a bank account在银行开帐户。4.（江苏卷,28）Are you still mad at her?Not really, but I cant _ that her rema

15、rks hurt me.AdenyBrefuseCrejectDdecline答案：A解析：考查动词的辨析。句意为“你还生她的气吗？不见得，但是我不否认她的话伤害了我。”deny否认，否定；refuse，reject，decline都是拒绝的意思。not deny无法否认。故选A。5.（福建卷,28）Id prefer to my judgement until I find all the evidence.A.show B. express C.pass D.reserve答案：D解析：考查动词的辨析。句意为“我宁愿保留我的判断直到我发现所有的证据。”reserve预订或保留(座位、住处等

16、)，推迟，留到以后，与后面的until相一致。6.（安徽卷,21）As the story_, the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered.A. begins B. happens C. ends D. develops 答案：D解析：考查动词的辨析。句意为“随着故事的展开，这个神秘数字的真相渐渐地被解开了。”develop开发, 发展，把(主题或情节)逐步展现出来。根据句意选D。7.（湖北卷,26）Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful

17、, but they may also_ our thinking.A. direct B. limit C. change D. improve答案：B解析：考查动词的辨析。句意为“如果我们想要获得成功，知识和学习很重要。但是它们或许会限制我们的思维。”direct指示, 指引，导演（戏剧或电影）；指挥（管弦乐队）；limit限制；change改变；improve改进，改善。根据句中but的转折，选B。8.（湖北卷,27）The minister said. “We are ready for discussions with any legal parties, but well neve

18、r_ with criminals.”A. negotiate B. quarrel C. argue D. consult答案：A解析：考查动词的辨析。negotiate谈判；quarrel吵架，争吵；argue辩论，争辩；consult商议,咨询。句意为“部长说：我们愿意与任何合法党派进行讨论，但我们决不与犯罪分子谈判。”根据句意选A。9.（湖北卷,28）Clinical evidence began to_, suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predict

19、ed from experiments in animals.A. operate B. strenghten C. approve D. accumulate答案：D解析：考查动词的辨析。句意为“不断增加的临床证据表明：比起原先从动物实验中所得到的预计，这些新药具有更加广泛有用性。”operate手术，操作；strenghten加强；approve赞成；accumulate积累，（数量）逐渐增加。故选D。10.(辽宁卷,22) What are you doing out of bed, Tom? Youre to be asleep. ,A. supposed B. known C. th

20、ought D. considered答案：A解析：考查动词的辨析。句意为“Tom，你不睡觉做什么？你现在应该睡觉。”out of bed未上床，起床的意思，be supposed to do应当，应该。11.(辽宁卷,24) You are old enough to your own living.A.win B. gain C. take D. earn答案：D解析：考查动词的辨析。句意为“你长大了，可以自谋生路了。”earn ones living 谋生，固定搭配。12. (全国卷,26) I can the house being untidy, but I hate it if i

21、ts not clean.A. come up with B.put up with C. turn to D.stick to答案：B解析：考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“房子里东西凌乱我能忍，但是脏我讨厌。”come up with想出, 提出；put up with 忍受, 容忍；turn to转向，翻书到，求助于，(使)变成；stick to坚持，紧跟，粘住，忠于。不整洁的;凌乱的13.（天津卷,8）She an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.A.turned down

22、 B.dealt with C.took after D.came across答案：D解析：考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“昨天在百货商店购物时，她遇上了她的老朋友。”turn down拒绝；deal with对付，处理；take after 长得像，性格类似于，效仿；come across穿过, 越过，偶然遇见。14.(山东卷,25) They are broadening the bridge to _ the flow of traffic.A. put off B. speed up C. turn on D. work out答案：B解析：考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“他们正在拓宽桥梁以

23、加快交通流量。”put off推迟；speed up加快；turn on打开（水、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等），(使)感兴趣; (使)兴奋；work out算出，实现。拓宽桥梁的目的是加快交通流量，故选B。15.（江苏卷,30）You look upset. Whats the matter？ I had my proposal _ again.Aturned over Bturned on Cturned off Dturned down答案：D解析：考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“你看上去不高兴，怎么啦？我的建议又遭到拒绝了。”turn over翻身，翻转，把移交；turn on打开（水、电视、

24、收音机、灯、煤气等），(使)感兴趣; (使)兴奋；turn off关掉（电器、水龙头等），使厌烦；turn down关小（音量等），拒绝。根据句意选D。16.（福建卷,31）Born into a family with three brothers, David was to value the sense of sharing.A.brought up B.turned down C.looked after D.held back答案：A解析：考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“出身在一个三兄弟家庭，David受到了要看重与人分享的教育。”bring up教育，养育(孩子)，呕吐(食物)；tur

25、n down关小（音量等），拒绝；look after照顾；hold back阻碍，抑制，隐瞒。17.（安徽卷, 34）If you _faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.A. come acrossB. care aboutC. look forD. focus upon答案：A解析：考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“如果你发现这辆自行车有毛病但还是想要，你就要求这家商店的营业员减价。”come across偶然遇到；care about关心，在乎；look for寻找；

26、focus upon专注于。18.(浙江卷,6) The school isnt the one I really wanted to go to ,but I suppose Ill just have to _it,A. make the best of B. get away from C. keep an eye on D. catch up with 答案：A解析：考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“这所学校并不是我原来真正想去的，但我现在想尽量好好利用它了。”make the best of充分利用，尽量好好去做；get away from逃离；keep an eye on照看,，留心;

27、注意；catch up with追上，赶上。对照现在和过去对学校态度的变化，选A。19.(浙江卷,12) He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of _at a hotel for the night.A. putting down B. putting off C. putting on D. putting up 答案：D解析：考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“他决定一路驾车回家，不在旅馆留宿。”put down放下，平定, 镇压，记下；put off推迟；put on穿上，戴上，上演，假装，增加；put up举起，建立，

28、张贴，投宿。根据句意选D。20.（四川卷,7）To get a better grade, you should _the notes again before the test.A. go over B. get over C. turn over D. take over答案：A解析：考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“为了获得好成绩，你应该在考试前好好复习这些笔记。”go over审查，复习，重温从头到尾检查一遍；get over越过，完成，克服(困难)，从(疾病、失望、震惊等)中恢复过来；turn over翻身，翻转，把移交；take over接管; 接替。21.（四川卷,14）I often

29、 the words I dont know in the dictionary or on the lnternet.A.look up B.look at C. look for D.look into答案：A解析：考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“我经常在字典里或网上查我所不懂的单词。”look up查（单词、电话号码等）；look at看，注视(某人或某物)；look for寻找；look into深入地检查，研究，调查。22.（陕西卷,25）Some insects_the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves. A. tak

30、e in B. take off C. take on D. take out答案：C解析：考查短语动词的辨析。take in吸收，欺骗；take off拿走, 取下，脱去（衣服等），起飞；take on承担，呈现，雇用；take out把带出去，清除, 除掉。句意为“一些昆虫为了保护自己，让自己的体色与其周围环境的颜色相似。”23.（湖北卷,29） The government has taken measures to _ the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.A. take down B. bring down

31、C. hand down D. tear down答案：B解析：考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“政府已经采取措施来降低日常生活用品的价格以保持市场的稳定。”take down拆卸，记录，记下；bring down使(某物或某人)掉下倒下，击败，降(价)；hand down把传递下来，遗留; 流传；tear down拆毁; 拆卸。根据后面的“保持市场的稳定”选B。24.(辽宁卷,26) The exam results will be on Friday afternoon.A. put down B. put off C. put up D. put away答案：C解析：考查短语动词的辨析。句意

32、为“考试结果将在星期五下午公布。”put down放下，平定, 镇压，记下；put off推迟；put up举起，建立，张贴，投宿；put away放好，储存，抛弃。根据句意选C。25.（江西卷35）You cant predict everything. Often things dont _ as you expect.A.run out B.break out C.work out D. put out.答案：C解析：考查短语动词的辨析。run out 耗尽；break out 打破；work out 算出，实现；put out 扑灭。句意为“你无法预言一切。事情常常不会像你期待的那样实

33、现。”选C。全国高考英语单项选择题解析 词义辨析专题1.（江苏卷,27）Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional _.AconsequenceBindependenceCcompetenceDintelligence答案：C解析：考查名词的辨义。句意为“教师要不断地更新他们的知识以便保持专业上的称职。”consequence后果，结果；independence独立；competence能力，胜任，称职；intelligence智力, 智慧; 理解力。根据句

34、意选C。2.（福建卷,26） The lack of eco-friendly habits among the public is thought to be a major of global climate change.A.result B.cause C.warning D.reflection答案：B解析：考查名词的辨义。句意为“公众缺乏对生态环境友好的习惯被认为是全球气候变化的主要原因。”result结果；cause原因；warning警告；reflection反映。cause与global climate change存在着因果关系，故选B。3.(浙江卷,18) Anyway,

35、 I cant cheat himits against all my _.A. emotions B. principles C. regulations D. opinions答案：B解析：考查名词的辨义。句意为“不管怎样，我不能欺骗他这违反我的原则。”emotion情绪；principle原则，准则；regulation规定，规则；opinions意见。根据句意选B。4.（四川卷,13）Always remember to put such dangerous things as knives out of childrens .A.touch B.sight C.reach D.dis

36、tance答案：C解析：考查名词的辨义。句意为“时刻记住：这些危险物品，比如刀子，要放在孩子们够不着的地方。”out of touch不联系，不接触；out of sight看不见, 在视野之外；out of reach手够不着, 达不到；out of distance远离=far away。根据前面的交代的危险品，选C。5.（湖北卷,21） “Tommy, run! Be quick! The house is on fire!” the mother shouted, with_ clearly in her voice.A . anger B. rudeness C. regret D.

37、 panic答案：D解析：考查名词的辨义。句意为“Tommy，快跑！快点！房子着火了！”母亲大声叫喊，嗓音里夹杂这明显的惊慌。”anger生气；rudeness粗鲁；regret后悔；panic惊慌，慌乱。根据句意选D。6.（湖北卷,22）Giving up my job to go back to full-time education was a big_, but now I know it was the best decision I ever made.A. project B. commitment C. competition D. ambition答案：B解析：考查名词的辨义

38、。句意为“当初放弃我的工作重新接受全日制的教育是个了不起的决定，现在我知道那是我作出的最好的决定。”project项目, 计划, 方案, 课题；commitment承诺，许诺，保证；competition比赛，竞争；ambition抱负，雄心，野心。commitment与后面的decision相呼应，故选B。7.（湖北卷,30）When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside _ younger men.A. in terms of B

39、. in need of C. in favor of D. in praise of答案：C解析：考查名词的辨义。句意为“当被问到对于校长的看法时，许多老师都愿意看到他靠边站为更年轻的人让路。”in terms of就而论；in need of需要；in favor of赞成；in praise of表扬，赞扬。8.（江西卷31）Whats the_, in your opinion, of helping him if he doesnt make an effort to help himself?A.sympathy B.theme C.object D.point答案：D解析：考查名

40、词的辨义。sympathy同情，theme 主题，object 物体，point意义。句意为你认为如果他没有作出努力去帮助自己而去帮助他的意义是什么？选D。9.(山东卷,34) Theres a _ in our office that when its somebodys birthday, they bring in a cake for us all to share.A. tradition B. balance C. concern D. relationship答案：A解析：考查名词的辨义。句意为“我们办公室有个传统:轮到某个人的生日时，他就带蛋糕来与大家分享。”tradition

41、传统；balance平衡；concern关心；relationship关系，联系。句中somebody 与they相照应，说明不止一次，因此用tradition作答案。10.（江苏卷,32）Wed better discuss everything _ before we work out the plan.Ain detail Bin general Con purpose Don time10.答案：A解析：考查名词的辨义。句意为“我们最好先详细地讨论好一切，然后再制定计划。”in detail详细地；in general一般而言, 总的来说；on purpose故意地；on time准时

42、。根据句意，先讨论后定计划，选A。全国高考英语单项选择题解析 动词的时态和语态专题1.(全国卷,23) Planing so far ahead no senseso many things will have changed by next year.A.made B.is making C.makes D.has made答案 C解析：考查动词的时态。句意为“计划这么超前毫无意义到明年许多事情会发生变化的。”前句表示现在的情况make no sense，后句表示到将来会产生的后果will have changed。一般现在时表示主语的特征或状态。is making和has made表示具体

43、的动作过程，故不选。因此选C。2.(全国卷,24) I wasnt sure if he was really interested or if he polite.A.was just being B.will just be C.had just been D.would just be 答案 A解析：考查动词的时态。句意为“我不能确信他是真正感兴趣呢还是仅仅为了表示礼貌。”句前wasnt sure表明说话的起点是过去时，was really interested和was just being polite都是相一致的过去时。故选A。3.(全国卷,29) When Alice came to, she did not know how long she there.A.had been lying B.has been lying C.was lying D.has lain答案 A解析：考查动词的时态。句意为“当Alice苏醒过来时，她不知道她在那儿躺了多久了。”过去完成进行时主要表示持续到过去某时之前的动作。came to苏醒过来是过去时，苏醒前的情况是过去的过去，强调过去的过去里发生的事，故选A。4.(全国卷II,9) If you dont like the drink you_