地理专业名词.doc

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1、【精品文档】如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流地理专业名词.精品文档.a horizon腐殖堆积层aa lava块熔岩abandoned field撩荒地abandoned lands撩荒地abandoned mine废弃矿山abandoned shoreline旧岸线aberration像差abiogenesis自然发生abiotic factor非生物因素ablation水蚀ablation moraine消融冰碛abnormality反常aboriginal土着的abrasion海蚀abrasion platform浪蚀台地abrasion shore浪蚀海岸abrasion su

2、rface浪蚀面abrasion terrace海蚀阶地abrasive研磨剂abrupt slope陡坡abrupt textural change质地突变abscissa横坐标absolute age绝对年龄absolute age determination绝对年代测定absolute age of groundwater地下水绝对年龄absolute altitude绝对高度absolute amplitude绝对振幅absolute chronology绝对年代absolute convergence绝对收敛absolute dating绝对年代测定absolute error绝对误

3、差absolute extremes绝对极值absolute geochronology绝对地质年代学absolute geopotential绝对重力势absolute gravity绝对重力absolute humidity绝对湿度absolute instability绝对不稳定性absolute maximum绝对极大absolute measure绝对尺度absolute minimum绝对极小absolute orientation绝对定向absolute parallax绝对视差absolute precision绝对精度absolute representation绝对值表示法

4、absolute temperature绝对温度absolute value绝对值absolute zero绝对零度absorbed radiant flux吸收辐射absorbed radiation吸收辐射absorbent吸收剂absorbing capacity吸收能力absorbing complex吸收性复合体absorptance吸收系数absorption吸收absorption band吸收带absorption coefficient吸收系数absorption curve吸收曲线absorption factor吸收因素absorption filter吸收滤光片abso

5、rption of energy能量吸收absorption of light光吸收absorption spectrum吸收光谱absorption surface吸收面absorptive capacity吸收本领absorptivity吸收能力absorptivity emissivity ratio吸收发射比abstract symbol抽象符号abundance of isotopes同位素的丰度abundance of the elements元素丰度abundance ratio of isotopes同位素的相对丰度abundant rainfall过量降雨abyss深渊aby

6、ssal深海的abyssal basins深海盆地abyssal benthos深海底栖生物abyssal deposits深海沉积物abyssal facies深海相abyssal hill深海丘陵abyssal plain深海平原abyssal region深海区abyssal sediment深海沉积物abyssal zone深海带acariasis螨病acarinosis螨病acaustobiolite非可燃性生物岩accelerated erosion加速侵蚀accelerated weathering加速风化acceleration加速度acceptance接收acceptor收体

7、acceptor atom受体原子acceptor bond接体合accessory element伴随元素accessory mineral副次要accessory species次要种accidental ejecta外源喷出物accidental error偶然误差accidental species偶见种acclimatization气候驯化acclivity上行坡accompaniment element伴生元素accordance of summit levels峰顶面等高性accordant junction协和汇流平齐汇流交合汇流accordant junction of st

8、reams协合流accretion gley淤积潜育层accumulated temperature积温accumulation堆积accumulation curve累积曲线accumulation horizon聚积层accumulation mountains堆积山地accumulation of assimilation products同化物累积accumulation of humus腐殖质蓄积accumulation of organic matter有机质堆积accumulative coast堆积海岸accumulative relief堆积地形accuracy准确度accu

9、racy of measurement测定准确度acetic acid醋酸acetic acid bacteria醋酸菌acetic fermentation醋酸发酵achromatic objective消色差物镜achromatopsia色盲acid alkaline barriers酸碱障acid base balance酸碱平衡acid base equilibrium酸碱平衡acid brown forest soils酸性棕色森林土acid earth酸性白土acid fast bacteria抗酸菌acid fastness抗酸性acid fermentation酸性发酵acid

10、 geochemical barrier酸性地球化学障acid group酸根acid humus酸性腐殖质acid igneous rock酸性火成岩acid medium酸性介质acid peat soil酸性泥炭土acid rain酸雨acid residue酸性残余物acid rock酸性岩acid rocks酸性岩acid soil酸性土acid solution酸性溶液acid spring酸性泉acid tolerant species耐酸品种acid value酸值acidic lava酸性熔岩acidification酸化acidite酸性岩acidity酸度acidity

11、of soil土壤酸度acidoid酸性胶体acidophile organisms嗜酸有机体acidophilous plant喜酸植物acidophyte喜酸植物acidosis酸中毒acidotrophic lake酸性营养湖acidulation酸化acotyledon无子叶植物acquired character获得特性acric ferralsols强淋溶铁铝土acrisols强淋溶土acrorthox强酸性正常氧化土acrospore顶生孢子acrox高风化氧化土acstivation夏眠actinium锕actinolite schist阳起片岩actinometer日光辐射计

12、actinometry日射测定法actinomorphic辐射对称的actinomycetes放线菌actinomycosis放线菌病action center of the atmosphere大气活动中心action potential动诅位activated adsorption活化吸附activated complex活化络合物activated sludge活性污泥activated water活化水activation analysis活化分析activation energy活化能activator活化剂active acidity活性酸度active cave发展中洞穴acti

13、ve cirque活动冰斗active fault活断层active front活跃锋active glacier活冰川active group活性基active humus活性腐殖质active hydrogen活性氢active layer活动层active mud活性淤泥active plate移动板块active sensor织式遥感器active soil formers活性成土因素active substance活性物质active volcano活火山activity活度activity coefficient活度系数actual acidity实际酸度actual size实际

14、尺寸acuity敏锐acyclic compound无环化合物adaptability适应性adaptation适应adaptive control自适应控制adaptive histogram adjustment适应性直方图蝶adaptive radiation适应辐射addition subtraction diagram加减图表additional survey补充测量additive color mixture加色混合additive color viewer彩色合成仪additive constant附加常数additive primaries加色法原色additive proce

15、ss加色处理address地址adenosine triphosphoric acid腺苷三磷酸adhesion粘附adhesive capacity粘附量adhesive force粘附力adhesive water粘附水adhesiveness粘合性adiabat绝热曲线adiabatic compression绝热压缩adiabatic cooling绝热冷却adiabatic curve绝热曲线adiabatic equilibrium绝热平衡adiabatic expansion绝热膨胀adiabatic heating绝热增温adiabatic process绝热过程adiabat

16、ic state绝热状态adiabatic temperature gradient绝热温度梯度adion吸附离子adjacent rock围岩adjacent sea边缘海adjoining rock围岩adjoining sheet相邻图幅adjustable crop calendar可碉历adjustment蝶adjustment computations蝶计算adjustment in groups分组蝶adjustment in one cast整体蝶adjustment of the printing plate上版administrative diagram行政区划略图admi

17、xture混合adobe灰质粘土adobe soil龟裂粘性土壤adret slope向阳面山坡adsorbing capacity吸附量adsorption吸附adsorption barriers吸附壁垒adsorption indicator吸附指示剂adsorptive capacity吸附能力advance of glacier冰川前进advanced issue临时版advanced microwave moisture sensor高级微波水汽遥感器advanced surveying高等测量学advection平流advection fog平另adventive crater侧

18、裂火山口advertising map宣传图aeolian deposit风成沉积层aeolian landform风成地形aeolian processes风成过程aeolian soil风成土aerating root呼吸根aeration通风aeration porosity通气孔隙度aeration tissue通气组织aerenchyma通气组织aerial arch空鞍aerial archaeological discovery空中考古发现aerial archaeology航空考古学aerial film航摄软片aerial forest survey森林航空甸aerial m

19、apping航空测图aerial mapping methods航空摄影法aerial overlap航空摄重叠aerial photo detail transfer航空象片细部转绘法aerial photo interpretation航空象片判读aerial photogrammetry航空摄影量aerial photograph航空像片aerial photograph scale航摄照片缩尺aerial photographic camera航摄仪aerial photographic navigation航摄领航aerial photographic reconnaissance航

20、空摄影勘察aerial photographic survey航空摄影aerial photography航空测量aerial photography craft航摄飞机aerial root气生根aerial ropeway架空死aerial survey航空摄影测量aerial triangulation航空三角测量aerobic bacteria好气细菌aerobic decomposition好气分解aerobic fermentation需气发酵aerobic metabolism需氧代谢酌aerobiology空气生物学aerobiosis好氧生活aerocartograph航空测

21、图仪aerocartography航空地图绘制学aeroclimate高空气候aeroclimatology高空气候学aerodrome机场aerogeochemical prospecting航空地球化学勘探aerogeography航空地理学aerolite石陨石aerolith石陨石aerological diagram高空图解aerology高空气象学aerometeorograph航空气象仪aerometeorology航空气象学aeronautical meteorology航空气象学aeronomy高层大气物理学aerophotogeological map航空摄影地质图aero

22、photograhic plan航测平面图aerophotogrammetric survey航空摄影甸aerophotogrammetry航空摄影测量学aerophotograph航空像片aerophotographic map航摄地图aerophotographic sketch航空像片略图aerophotography航空摄影aerophototopography航空摄影地形测量学aerophytes气生植物aeroplane mapping航空制图aeroplane photography航空摄影aerosol spectrum气溶胶光谱aerospace survey宇航探索aero

23、survey航空测量aerotaxis区性aerotopography航空地形测量aerotriangulation空中三角测量aerotropism向氧性aeschynite易解石aesthetic appreciation of map美学aetiology病原学affinity亲和力afforestation造林african armyworm莎草粘虫after effect后酌after ripening后熟afterglow余光军afterimage残像aftermath再生草aftershock余震agate mortar玛瑙研钵age class龄级age determinati

24、on年代测定age of lake湖龄age of landscape景观年齿令age of lowered sealevel低海面时期age of relief地形年龄age of the earth地球年龄age of tide潮龄agent因子ageostropic wind非地转风agglomerate集块岩agglomerate lava集块熔岩agglomeration集块agglutination胶着aggradated plain加积平原aggradation填积aggradation island加积岛aggradation plain加积平原aggradational so

25、ils加积土壤aggradational terrace加积阶地aggraded valley冲积河谷aggrading river淤积河aggregate集合体aggregate analysis团聚体分析aggregate structure团聚结构aggregation聚集aggregation moisture团聚化含水量aggressive water侵蚀性水agitation搅拌agitator搅拌机agnotozoic era元古代agpaite钠质火成岩类agric horizon耕足agricultral climatic regionalization农业气候区划agric

26、ultual resource information system农业资源信息系统agricultural climatology农业气候学agricultural environment农业环境agricultural evaluation on ground water地下水农业评价agricultural geochemistry农业地球化学agricultural geology农业地质学agricultural geomorphology农业地貌学agricultural hydrology农业水文学agricultural map农业地图agricultural meliorat

27、ion农业土壤改良agricultural meteorology农业气象学agricultural natural resource农业自然资源agricultural pollutant农业污染物agricultural products农产品agricultural region农业区agricultural regionalization农业区划agricultural relief农业地貌agricultural remote sensing农业遥感agricultural resource农业资源agricultural resource evaluation农业资源评价agric

28、ultural resource monitor农业资源监测agricultural vegetation index农业植被指数agriculture农学agro ecosystem农业生态系统agro environmental information system农业环境信息系统agroclimate农业气候agroclimatic maps农业气候图agroclimatology农业气候学agroforestrial geology农林地质学agrogeography农业地理学agrogeology农业地质学agrology农业土壤学agromelioration农业土壤改良agrom

29、eteorological forecast农业气象预报agrometeorological index农业气象指标agrometeorological observation农业气象观测agrometeorology农业气象学agronomical yield estimation农学估产agrostology草本学agrudalf耕层湿淋溶土air avalanche空气雪崩air content含气量air current气流air dry风干的air dry sample风干样品air dry weight风干重air drying风干air force base空军基地air hum

30、idity大气湿度air mapping aeroplane航测飞机air mass气团air mass analysis气团分析air mass classification气团分类air mass climatology气团气候学air mass influx气团岭air mass modification气团变性air mass trajectory气团轨迹air permeability透气性air photographical survey航空摄影甸air photography空中摄影air pollution空气污染air pollution monitoring大气污染观测ai

31、r port航空港air pressure气压air route航线air saddle空鞍air sea interaction海气相互酌air shrinkage空气收缩air temperature气温air triangulation空中三角测量air turbulence大气湍流大气紊流airborne geochemical prospecting航空地球化学勘探airborne microorganisms大气微生物airborne radar空中雷达airborne remote sensing航空遥感airborne sonar空中声呐airfield机场airline ro

32、ute map航空线图alaskite白岗岩albaqualf漂白潮淋溶土albedo反射率albedo of the earth地球反射率albedometer反射仪albic arenosols漂白红砂土albic horizon漂白层albic luvisols漂白淋溶土albinism白化albite钠长石albitization钠长石化alboll漂白软土albumin白蛋白alcohol thermometer酒精温度计alcoholic fermentation乙醇发酵aldehyde醛alder赤杨alder grove赤杨林alder swamp forest赤杨沼泽林ale

33、urite粉沙aleuritic clay粉砂粘土aleurolite粉砂岩alfisol淋溶土algae藻类algal limestone藻灰岩algorithmic language算法语言alicyclic compound脂环化合物alicyclic series脂环系alidade照准部alien species外源种alimentation饲养aliphatic compound脂族化合物alkali alumina metasomatism碱铝交替alkali basalt碱性玄武岩alkali granite碱性花岗岩alkali lime index碱石灰质指数alkali

34、metal碱金属alkali olivine basalt magma碱性橄榄玄武岩岩浆alkali rock series碱性岩系alkalic rock碱性岩alkalic ultrabasic rock碱性超基性岩alkalimeter碱量计alkalimetry碱量滴定法alkaline earth metal碱土金属alkaline geochemical barrier碱性地球化学障alkaline marsh碱沼alkaline medium碱性介质alkaline plant适碱植物alkaline rock碱性岩alkaline soil碱性土alkaline solutio

35、n碱性溶液alkaline spring碱性矿泉alkaline water碱性水alkalinity碱度alkalitrophic lake碱性营养湖alkalization碱化alkalized soil碱化土alkaloid生物碱alkalosis碱中毒alkyl group烷基allelopathy相互影响allergen变应原allergy变应性allitic soil富铝土allobar变压区allochromatic color假色allochthon外来体allochthonic ground water外源地下水allochthonous deposit移积allochtho

36、nous fold异地生成褶皱allochthonous peat外来泥炭allochthonous river外源河allochthonous soil运生土allogenic element他生元素allogenic succession异发演替allopatric在给发生的allopatry异域性allophane水铝英石allotriomorphic他形的allotrope同素异形体allotrophic lake他养湖allotropic modification同素异形体allotropism同素异形allotropy同素异形allowable error容许误差alluvial冲

37、积的alluvial brown soil棕色冲积土alluvial cone冲积扇alluvial deposit冲积层alluvial fan冲积扇alluvial fan deposit冲积扇层alluvial gold砂金alluvial meadow soil冲积性草甸土alluvial ore deposit冲积矿床alluvial plains冲积平原alluvial soil冲积土alluvial terrace冲积阶地alluvial valley冲积河谷alluviation冲积alluvium冲积层almandine铁铝榴石almandite铁铝榴石alpha ray s

38、pectrometer射线能谱仪alphitite岩粉土alpine animal高山动物alpine belt高山带alpine carbonate raw soil高山碳酸盐粗腐殖土alpine desert高山荒漠alpine folding阿尔卑斯褶皱alpine glacier阿尔卑斯型高山冰川alpine glow高山辉alpine humus soil高山腐殖质土alpine meadow高山草甸alpine plant高山植物alpine silicated raw soil高山硅酸盐粗骨土alpine soil高山土壤alpine tundra高山冻原alpine type

39、of relief高山地形alpine vegetation高山植被alpine zone高山带altazimuth经纬仪alterated rocks蚀变岩alteration蚀变酌alteration halo蚀变晕alteration mineral蚀变矿物alteration of angles角度畸变alteration zone蚀变带alternation of beds互层alternation of generations世代交替alternation of strata互层altimeter测高计altimetric survey高程测量altiplanation terra

40、ces高山剥夷阶地altitude高度altitude angle高度角altitude datum高程基准面altitude difference高差altitude of the sun太阳高度altitude traverse高程线altitudinal belt高度带altitudinal zonality垂直分布带altitudinal zonality of vegetation高程植被带altocumulus高积云altostratus高层云alumina矾土aluminite矾石aluminium铝aluminium deposit铝矿床aluminium silicate铝硅

41、酸盐aluminosilicate铝硅酸盐aluminum铝alunite茂石alunitization茂石化alvar矮灌木草地amazonite天河石amazonstone天河石amber琥珀ambient noise环境噪声amelioration改进amelioration of low productive paddy soils低产水稻土的改良amensalism偏害酌americium镅amesite镁绿泥石amictic lake永久封冻湖amide酰胺amine胺amino acid氨酸amino acid geochemistry method氨基酸地球化学法amino a

42、cid geochronology氨基酸年代学amino acid metabolism氨基酸代谢ammine氨合物ammoniate氨合物ammonification氨化ammonifier氨化细菌ammonisation氨化ammonium molybdate钼酸铵ammonium phosphate磷酸铵ammophos安福粉amount of evaporation蒸发量amount of infiltrating water入渗水量amount of information信息量amount of precipitation降水量amount of throw纵距amphibian两

43、栖类amphibious organisms两栖生物amphibious plant两栖植物amphibole角闪石amphibolite闪岩amphidromic point无潮点amphigenite白榴熔岩amphiphyte两栖植物ampholyte两性电解质ampholytoid两性胶体amphoteric behavior两性行为amphoteric colloid两性胶体amphoteric element两性元素amphoteric ion两性离子amphoteric oxide两性氧化物amplifier for photocurrents光电僚大器amplitude information幅度信息amylase淀粉酶anabatic wind山谷风anabiosis复苏anabolism同化酌anaerobe嫌气微生物anaerobic bact