天体名称中英对照.doc

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1、【精品文档】如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流天体名称中英对照天体cosmos/universe太阳the sun水星Mercury金星Venus地球the earth火星Mars木星Jupiter土星Saturn天王星Uranus海王星Neptune冥王星Pluto星star行星planet彗星comet卫星satellite流星shooting star陨石meteorite银河Galaxy天河Milky way1.摩羯座Capricorn2.宝瓶座Aquarius3.双鱼座Pisces4.白羊座Aries5.金牛座Taurus6.双子座Gemini7.巨蟹座Cancer8.狮子座L

2、eo9.室女座Virgo10天秤座Libra11天蠍座Scorpio12人马座Sagittarius仙女座the Andromeda猎戸座the Orion仙后座the Cassiopea飞马座the Pegasus北极星Polaris/the polestar北斗星Plough/Great Dipper南十字座Crux/Southern Cross天狼星Sirius牛郎星Altair织女星Vega日斑macula日冕corona黒洞black hole日食solar eclipse月食lunar eclipse月亮the moon满月full moon新月new moon娥眉月crescen

3、t甲板部物料 水手长物料 丙纶缆 polypropylene尼龙缆 nylon hawser纤维尼龙缆 polyethylene hawser麻绳 manila rope塑料绳 吊货钢丝 cargo runner千斤索 topping lift稳索 preventer stay卸扣 shackle花兰螺丝 turnbuckle三角圈 wire rope thimble钢丝轧头 wire rope clip吊杆顶索滑车 topping lift block大滑车 head block根滑车 heel block开口滑车 snatch block牵索滑车 gay block单柄滑车 single

4、sheave block双柄滑车 double sheave block嵌环 thimble 棍梯 液压钢丝铡刀船壳灰漆 grey topside船壳白漆 white gloss exterior奶黄漆 buff cream paint甲板红漆 deck red绿水线漆 green boot toping货舱银漆 hold aluminium 抗热油漆 heat resistant aluminium标志红/兰/绿/黄/黑 red lead凡立水 varnish稀释剂 thinner牛油 grease煤油 kerosene钢丝绳油 wire dressing oil/ tar oil去漆水 撇

5、缆绳 heaving line测水绳 sounding rope榔头 hammer长柄铲刀 long hand flat scraper刮锈刀 gooseneck scraper电榔头 electric chipping machine轴 spare shaft片 spare blade头 spare head set气榔头 pneumatic chipping machine钢丝钳 wire cutter 尖嘴钳 long nose pliers梅花扳手 hexag. r. spanner套筒扳手 socket wrench管子扳手 pipe wrench活动扳手 shifting span

6、ner螺栓 bolt螺母 nut扁螺丝刀 screw driver十字螺丝刀 cross head driver铁皮剪刀 tins snips剪刀 scissors水手刀 jack knife手拉葫芦 chain block液压千斤顶 hydraulic jack钢卷尺 steel tape ruler皮卷尺 measuring tape扁漆刷 flat paint brush弯漆刷 gooseneck paint brush滚筒漆刷 roller paint brush喷漆枪 paint sprayer牛油枪 grease gun游标卡尺 vernier caliper闹钟 alarm cl

7、ock皮大衣 fur overcoat雨衣 rain coat安全帽 safety helmet / hard cap 舷梯安全网 gangway net安全带 safety belt太阳镜 sun glasses护眼镜 goggles帆布手套 canvas gloves线手套 cotton gloves皮手套 leather gloves肥皂粉 soap powder / detergent棉纱 cotton waste破布 cotton rag毛巾布 towel cloth竹扫巴 bamboo broom棕扫巴 palm broom， coir broom铁水桶 galvanic iron

8、 bucket塑料水桶 plastic bucket老鼠挡 rat guard电筒 torch, flash light钳子 pincers铜锁 padlock大副物料海水比重计 配载仪木匠物料麻花钻头 auger bits钢丝钳 combination pliers斜口钳 side cutting pliers扁嘴钳 flat nose pliers什锦锉 assorted files手电钻 electric drill machine双头开口扳手 spanner活动扳手 adjustable spanner手电锯 electric saw machine不锈钢尺 stainless ste

9、el ruler量水尺 wooden sounding ruler量水绳 sounding rope门锁 lock三合板 three-lay board五合板 five-lay board地板胶 万能胶水 general purpose glue手摇钻 hand drill量油尺 oil gauging tape封舱胶布 seal adhesive tape油布 tarpaulin二副物料尼龙旗绳 halyard nylon国旗 national flag海图橡皮 eraser , rubber秒表 stop watch透明胶纸 海图三角板 triangular海图两脚规 chart devi

10、der放大镜 chart magnifier望远镜 binoculars, telescope理发剪子 hair clippers信号旗 字母旗 数字旗 代旗 回答旗 六分仪 sextant三副物料救生圈 life buoy救生衣 life jacket救生浮灯 man-over-board signal light救生饼干 lifeboat biscuit烟幕信号 smoke signal降落伞信号 parachute distress signal红火号 red hand flare鱼钩 fishing tackle抛绳器 line throwing appliance 消防斧 fire

11、axe消防撬棍 fire fighting crowbar消防火钩 fire fighting hook消防衣 asbestos fire suit氧气呼吸器 breathing apparatus, respiration防毒面具 smoke helmet直流水枪 jet squirt两用水枪 multi jet squirt国际通用接头 international shore connector消防皮龙 fire hose水带接扣 fire hose couplerCO2灭火器 CO2 extinguisher泡沫灭火器 foam extinguisher干粉灭火器 dry powder

12、fire extinguisher救生服 exposure suit保温袋 反光带 reflective tape救生衣灯 防火救生绳 呼吸器氧气瓶 compressed oxygen bottle电台物料硫酸 sulphuric aid蒸馏水 distilled water单胶线 single cord wire老虎钳 hand plier奶子榔头 ball peen hammer钢丝钳 wire cutter plier剥线钳 wire cover c. plier电工刀 electrician knife电烙铁 electric smolder iron手风器 moulders bell

13、ow液体比重计 hydrometer 万用表 A.V.O. meter , multimeter测电笔 test pencil 救生用语 救生艇属具brakewinchdavit motorfender drainage plug fall helm boat motor embarkation ladder puoy lifejacket lifebuoy 保温袋 防寒服 blanket pyrotechnic signal parachute hand flare smoke two-way radiotelephone EPIRB line-throwing appliance 放艇步骤

14、Lifeboat Launching Procedure1. CHECK drainage plug is in;2. CHECK harbour pins are out;3. LOWER / LAY OUT embarkation ladder;4. RELEASE all gripes;5. LOWER to embarkation deck;6. RIG toggle painter;7. MAKE FAST bowsing-in tackles;8. LET GO tricing-in pendants;9. BOARD when ordered to;10. SIT DOWN an

15、d keep hands inside boat;11.EASE OFF and LET GO bowing-in tackles;12.LOWER boat until falls are released;13.UNHOOK falls14.RIG tiller15.EMBARK lauching crew16.LET GO toggle painter;17.FEND OFF with boathook.USEFUL PHRASES:harbour pin 在港固定销gripe 固定栓夹（制动器）squeeze lever 压杆knock off slip ringembarkation

16、 deckboat decktoggle painter 艇索bowsing-in tackle tricing-in pendantunhook falltiller 舵柄boathookcold kill 防寒衣 life jacketmuster list muster station救生筏属具sea anchor balanced water pocket rain gutter tent water accumulating bag painter life line sea water cell bag sea water cell righting strap exhaust v

17、alve hand bellows (and a horse) rescue quoit and 30m line floating knife bailer sponge oar sea anchor repair outfit tin opener first aid kit graduated drinking vessel waterproof signalling torch spare bulb & battery whistle daylight signalling mirror sea cell parachute distress signals hand flares f

18、ishing tackle illustrated table of life-saving signals illustrated on how to survive in the liferaft sea sickness tablets concentrated emergency foods ration water in polyethylene bottle (liter) accessory valise 放筏步骤INFLATABLE LIFERAFTS OPERATION INSTRUCTIONS1. To operate the liferaft, release the s

19、lipping hook on the hydrostatic releaser. Care should be taken that the painter of the liferaft must be secured at the original position.2. Let go the liferaft to slide down into the water or raise up liferaft by hands and throw it into the water. At this moment, the attached heaving line of the inf

20、lating line will be pulled out and kept open the cylinder valve, thus completed the raft inflating.3. If the height of the liferaft stowed deck was less than 11 meters above the water surface, care must be taken to pay out more inflating line so as to make the inflating cylinder valve kept open and

21、then the raft will be inflating automatically.4. If the liferaft was inverted upside down in the water, it should be restored upright by person wearing lifejacket standing at the cylinder side and pull the restoring strap, which was fitted under the bottom of the liferaft, with two hands and squatti

22、ng down with face upward against wind. Thus the liferaft will be restored upright.5. After the liferaft was fully inflated, then the person wearing life jackets can be embarked into the liferaft by stepping down from gangway or suspension ladder and also by leaping from the ship board or jumping int

23、o water, and climbing up the soft ladder which was fixed under the entryway of the leferaft, then turn over the body and get into the liferaft.6. If there are some persons overboard ,the embarked person should throw out a rescue ring, then pull back the heaving line and help them to embark. Cut off

24、the painter by the safety knife which was stowed on the upper buoyancy tyre or in the tools bag and row the liferaft quickly, to leave the sinking ship, otherwise will be capsized. After the liferaft has got leave the sinking ship, then let go the sea anchor into water so as to keep nearby at the si

25、te of the accident.7. When the liferaft was drifting, we can send signals to make the passing vessels to pay attention to our liferaft. The electric torch, whistle, red hand flares or red parachute signals can be used at night, and the daylight signalling mirror, whistle, red parachute signals, self

26、-activating smoke signal can be used at the daytime.急救药箱LIST OF FIRST-AID OUTFITbandage dressing and bleeding stanching gauze dressing or external application 纱布 triangular bandage dressing any wounded part of body adhesive plaster for fixing 医用膏带 cotton wool for disinfection 药棉 tourniquet (rubber t

27、ube) for venous or arterial bleeding 止血带 pincette 镊子 scissors safety pins for fixing 别针 ammonia solution used as a restorative in shock, or for insect bites alcohol for disinfection woundplast for small bleeding wound 创可帖 antiseptic burn or wound cream for burns and scalds 烫伤膏 coulentum tetracyclini

28、 for keratitis and allergic conjunctivitis 四环素眼膏 allaying fever relieving pain(APC) for headache, toothache, and fever 解热止痛片 sulfamethoxazolum composita （SMZ Co.) for inflammation of upper respiratory track, urinary infection, intestines infection and septicaemia 消防用语 消防演习FIRE DRILLfire-fighting squ

29、adfirst-aid squadtechnical squadfiremancut off concerned circuits, turn off ventilating blowersclose fire doors, windows, hatches, accesses, ventilatorscontrol hydrant, fire hose, nozzlecarry portable extinguisherseparate inflammable from fire spotadminister international shore connectioncarry first

30、-aid box, perform first-aidcarry stretcheradminister the fixed CO2/foam fire-extinguishing systemautomatic sprinkle systemthe fixed pressure water-spraying fire-extinguishing systemcontrol the emergency fire pumpclose fire door, skylight, shut off valves and cocks of oil suction pipes呼吸器BREATHING AP

31、PARATUScomposed of:1. back plate with harness; The harness assembly is complete with shoulder pads and waist belt, fitted with special sliding buckles to ease adjustment.1. cylinder mounting kit shoulder strap hose retainer back plate waist strap buckle adjustable part clamp assembly2. cylinder peri

32、odic testing , refillingcylinder rubber bootcylinder valvehandwheeldust plugsealing tapehandle section3. pressure reducer deliver a constant pressure of 5.5 bar irrespective of cylinder pressure. As cylinder pressure drops to 55+/-5 bar, a unique device actuates the audible warning3. pressure regula

33、tor unit4. pressure gauge with high pressure hoseregulator hosehigh pressure hosebreathing hosequick coupling connection5. face mask (with speech diaphragm) consists of: breathing valve visor frame assembly visor mask body locking strap neck strap with buckle head harness (speech diaphragm assembly)

34、 black lever on breathing valve* calculate the quantity of free air: eg. one 3-litre cylinder charged to 30MPa (300 barf) contains 3*300=900 litres of free air. average comsuption is 40 litre per minute.* don apparatus:消防设备firemans outfit oxygen apparatus portable foam applicater 天气名称中英对照 天气weather晴

35、天fine阴天cloudy雨天rain雪snow雷电thunder陣雨shower毛毛雨drizzle雨夾雪sleet霰hail冰雹hailstone霧fog/mist露水dew冰錐儿icicle霧淞soft rime霜frost霜錐儿frost columns风wind暴风雨storm暴风雪snow storm/blizzard台风typhoon/hurricane龙巻风tornado地震earthquake海啸high tidal wave雪崩snow slide/avalanche滑披landslide旱災drought山火forest fire洪水flood被水浸flood洋琴yang

36、 chin云cloud虹rainbow蜃景mirage亟光aurora天气图weather chart风向direction of the wind风速velocity of the wind气温temperature湿度humidity气圧atmospheric pressure雨量precipitation烈度seismic intensity scale等圧线isobar寒気团(cold) air mass高气圧high atmospheric pressure低气圧low atmospheric pressure暖锋warm front冷锋cold front静止锋stationary

37、 front锢囚锋block front锚用语 1. ANCHORING ORDERSheave away anchorheave up anchorweigh anchorlet gopay awayslack awaypay outstand by port anchorget the port anchor readystand by both anchorstand by kedge anchortwo shackles in waterthree shackle on deckstand by heavingput windlass into gearhold oncheck the

38、 cableavast heaving 停止绞锚up and downtake in the slack on the chainis the chain tight?chain is tighthow is the chain leadingleading forwardleading aft / asternleading to port / starboardanchor leading abeamchain across ships headchain on the port bowanchor is clearanchor is aweighanchor is upanchor is

39、 foulanchor is acrossanchor is elbow 锚链绞缠anchor is draggingslack off the brakewalk back 锚链倒出walk out port anchor to water surfaceshorten your cable to 2 shacklesdredge anchor2. USEFUL PHRASESchain / cablewindlassanchor lockeranchor piperiding anchorlee anchorhawse pipe 锚链孔bower 大锚spare bower 备用锚 货运用

40、语中英文对照 货运用语中英文对照 运输 transportation | | transit | | conveyance 运送 to transport | | to carry | | to convey 运输业 transportation business | | forwarding business | | carrying trade 运输代理人 a forwarding agent 承运人 a freight agent | | a carrier 船务代理人 a shipping agent 陆上运输 transportation by land 海上运输 transport

41、ation by sea 货物运输 goods traffic | | freight traffic | | carriage of freights | | carriage of goods 货轮 cargo boat | | freighter | | cargo steamer | | cargo carrier 火车 goods-train | | freight-train 卡车 goods-van | | goods wagon | | freight car | | truck 货运办公室 goods-office | | freight-department 运费率 fre

42、ight | | freight rates | | goods rate 运费 carriage charges | | shipping expenses | | express charges 车费 cartage | | portage 运费预付 carriage prepaid | | carriage paid 运费到付 carriage forward | | freight collect 运费免除|免费 carriage free 协定运费 conference freight | | freight rate 运费清单 freight account 托运单 way-bill | | invoice 运送契约 contract for carriage 装运 shipment | | loading