Greek Mythology and the Odyssey.ppt

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1、The Odyssey1.Epic poem- long, narrative poem that tells about the adventures of a hero who reflects the ideals and values of a nation or race.2.Composed sometime around 800 B.C. 600 B.C.3.Composed by Homer a. Homer did not create the Odyssey, he simply wrote it down. However, Homer was rumored to be

2、 a blind storyteller. He would NOT have been able to write.b. The Odyssey was being told orally through storytellers long before Homer wrote it downCharacteristics of the EPIC:1.Has an epic hero 2. Often written in poetry form but not always3. Often includes myths, legends, and history4. Usually has

3、 a serious tone and language5. Deals with a quest 6. Often based on some truths 7. Includes epithets & flashbacks8. Usually involves a battle and oftentimes a single combat like Achilles fighting Hector or the final showdown between Harry and Lord VoldemortOther National EPICS are:Greek = The Iliad

4、by Homer Spanish = El CidRoman = The Aeneid by Virgil American = Forest Gump English = Harry Potter Series Percy Jackson & Olympians Series Epic Hero1. A larger-than-life figure, usually male, who embodies the ideals of a nation or race.2. Take part in long, dangerous adventures and accomplish great

5、 deeds that require courage and superhuman strength.3. Often, the divine world of the gods or other supernatural forces will interfere with the human world of the epic hero.Some epic heroes:- Harry Potter- Frodo from Lord of the Rings - Luke Skywalker from Star WarsEpic SimileSimile- comparison of t

6、wo unlike things that uses the word “like” or “as.”Epic Simile- an elaborate, more involved version of a regular simile.- great length and detail - extends for several lines- also called the “Homeric Simile”Just as an angler poised on a jutting rockflings his treacherous bait in the offshore swell,w

7、hips his long rodhook sheathed in an oxhorn lureand whisks up little fish he flips on the beach-break,writhing, gasping out their lives . . . so now theywrithed,gasping as Scylla swung them up her cliff and thereat her caverns mouth she bolted them down rawscreaming out, flinging their arms down tow

8、ard me,lost in that mortal struggle . . .EpithetsEpithets- brief, descriptive phrases that helped to characterize a particular person or thing.- repetition of a phraseOdysseus is described as:“master mariner”“old contender”“man of twists and turns”“great tactician”- remember: he initiated the idea o

9、f the Trojan horse- source of the Greeks defeating Troy Paris, Prince of Troy and son of King Priam and Queen Hecuba, fell in love with another mans wife and took her back to his kingdom of Troy with the interference of the gods, one goddess in particular Helen, known as the most beautiful woman and

10、 the face that launched a 1,000 ships “runs away” with Paris and her absence enrages her husbandTrojan War may have occurred around 1200 B.C. and established the background for Homers epics The mini-version of the Legend isMenalaus, King of Sparta, is upset and seeks the advice of his brotherAgamemn

11、on, King of Mycenae, who is power hungry and wants control of all lands, especially Troy; he convinces his jilted brother to go after his wife and wage a war against Troy to get her back and regain some of the dignity his brother has lost. Together they utilize their power as kings to gather as many

12、 great warriors to fight for their cause.AgamemnonAJAX After Hectors death, Achilles is killed by Paris, but the Trojans never recover from the loss of Hector and finally, Troy falls.HUBRIS AS A CHARACTER FLAWAGAMEMNONKing of MycenaeAllows his pride to get the better of him when he refuses to give C

13、hryseis back causing disease and fire to rain down on the Greeks, courtesy of the god Apollo. Once he does he give her back, he takes someone elses girl causing another big problem for the Greeks.ACHILLESHe allows his pride of losing his slave girl Briseis and love interest to Agamemnon get the best

14、 of him and refuses to continue fighting at Troy.until his dear friend is slain by the Trojan Prince Hector causing his desire for revenge and eventually his death all because of prideOdysseusHero in The Odyssey also exhibits hubris which angers the gods and leads to many difficulties and hardships

15、for him.What is the Odyssey about?- Tells of Odysseus adventures as he makes his way home from Troy He was gone for a total of 20 years10 years at war and 10 more years trying to get home- He has a fleet of 12 ships carrying about 720 men- Back at home (Ithaca)- Penelope (wife of Odysseus) and Telemachus (son of Odysseus) are waiting for Odysseus return while suitors have taken over Ithaca, hoping that she will marry one of them- Odysseus encounters many mythical beings and has to fight his own personal “demons” and overcome his own character flaws during his return home