Intake and exhaust system.ppt

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1、Copyright 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 30-1Chapter 30Prepared byMartin RestouleAlgonquin CollegeCopyright 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 30-2Chapter 30 Explain the operation of the components in the air induction system. Describe how the engine creates

2、 vacuum and how vacuum is used to operate and control many automotive devices. Inspect and troubleshoot vacuum and air induction systems.continuedCopyright 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 30-3Chapter 30 Explain the operation of exhaust system components. Properly perform an exh

3、aust system inspection, and service and replace exhaust system components. Explain the purpose and operation of a turbocharger.continuedCopyright 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 30-4Chapter 30 Inspect a turbocharger, and describe some common turbocharger problems. Explain super

4、charger operation, and identify common supercharger problems.continuedCopyright 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 30-5Chapter 30 Air induction systems Silence intake air noise. Heat or cool the intake air. Provide air for the engine to operate. Filter the air. Monitor airflow tem

5、perature and density. Operate the PCV system. Provide air for the air injection system.continuedCopyright 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 30-6Chapter 30continuedCopyright 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 30-7Chapter 30A late-model intake manifold for a V-6

6、enginecontinuedCopyright 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 30-8Chapter 30 It is produced by the downward movement of the piston on the intake stroke. It is pressure that is less than atmospheric pressure. It is usually measured in millimeters of mercury (mm/Hg) or inches of mercu

7、ry (in/Hg).continuedCopyright 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 30-9Chapter 30 Check hoses for improper routing. Look for kinks and tears in vacuum lines. Check for vacuum hoses routed near hot spots. Look for evidence of oil or transmission fluid in vacuum hose connections. Insp

8、ect vacuum system components for damage.continuedCopyright 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 30-10Chapter 30 Exhaust manifold Exhaust pipe and seal Catalytic converter Muffler Resonator Tailpipe Heat shields Clamps, brackets, and hangers Exhaust gas oxygen sensorscontinuedCopyrig

9、ht 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 30-11Chapter 30An exhaust system for an OBD-II vehiclecontinuedCopyright 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 30-12Chapter 30 Holes, road damage, and split seams Kinks or dents Discoloration or rust Broken or missing hangers L

10、oose tailpipes or other components Signs of catalytic converter overheating: Bluish or brownish converter shellcontinuedCopyright 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 30-13Chapter 30continuedCopyright 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 30-14Chapter 30 Turbine (hot

11、 wheel) Turbine shaft Compressor (cold wheel) Waste gate valve ActuatorcontinuedCopyright 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 30-15Chapter 30continuedCopyright 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 30-16Chapter 30continuedCopyright 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thom

12、son Canada Limited. 30-17Chapter 30 Lack of lubricant Is commonly caused by infrequent oil changes or using the wrong oil. Ingestion of foreign objects Contamination of lubricant May be caused by defective seals.continuedCopyright 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 30-18Chapter 30

13、 Superchargers are air pumps directly driven by the engines crankshaft by a belt. They improve horsepower and torque by pumping extra air into the engine in direct relationship to crankshaft speed. This positive connection provides for instant power response.continuedCopyright 2007 by Nelson, a divi

14、sion of Thomson Canada Limited. 30-19Chapter 30 Many of the problems and their remedies given for turbochargers hold good for superchargers. There are also problems associated specifically with the supercharger. Refer to the service manual for the symptoms of supercharger failure and a summary of th

15、e causes and the recommended repairs.continuedCopyright 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 30-20Chapter 30Cutaway of a Roots superchargerSupercharger drive setupcontinuedCopyright 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 30-21Chapter 30 Most turbochargers are lubricat

16、ed by pressurized engine oil. Most turbocharger systems use knock-sensing devices and a waste gate. Superchargers are air pumps connected directly to the crankshaft by the belt.continuedCopyright 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 30-22Chapter 30 The most popular supercharger design is the Roots type. Another supercharger design is the G-Lader supercharger.