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1、【精品文档】如有侵权,请联系网站删除,仅供学习与交流环境工程专业英语词汇.精品文档.Lesson 21 value judgment价值判断 noise environment噪声环境 be concerned with 参与,干预 adverse effect反作用 permanent hearing loss永久性听觉丧失; 永久失听 hearing damage听力损伤 period of time时段, 一段时间 intensity of sound声强, 声强度,声力 assembly line(工厂产品的)装配线 pneumatic drill风钻,气动排种式播种机 snowmob
2、ile摩托雪橇,履带式雪上汽车 electronic amplifier电子放大器,电子式放大器,电子管式放大器,电子扩音器rock band摇滚乐团 well-being幸福,福利,安宁,保持良好状态 in other ways在其他方面 interfere with妨碍, 乱动, 干涉, 干扰 apartment building 公寓大楼 sound isolation隔声, 声隔离 acoustical treatment声学措施 air-conditioning unit空调机组,空调装置 fluorescent lamp荧光灯(管),日光灯(管) canning factory罐头
3、厂 drop forging plant落锤锻造厂 Electrical power transformer电力变压器,电源变压器 residential areas生活居住区 drown out淹没, 压过(另一声音) impending danger迫在眉睫的危险 vacuum cleaner真空吸尘器a “quiet” vocuum cleaner安静的真空吸尘器;没有噪音的真空吸尘器 associates noise with power to suck up dirt将噪声大小与吸尘能力(大小)联系在一起。 adverse effect反作用 hearing loss听觉损耗, 听力
4、损失, 聋度 noise criteria噪声标准值,噪声判据,噪声容许极限,噪声标准,lesson 22v thermal pollution 热污染v Industrial discharge of heated water into a river, lake, or other body of water, causing a rise in temperature that endangers aquatic life.v 将工业热水排入江河、湖泊或其它水体,引起温度升高危及水中生命v electric energy电能v central electricity generating
5、 station集中电厂v thermal regime热状况;热动态,热状态,热流系统v sublethal effect亚致死效应v assimilative capacity同化能力v heat addition供热,加热v discharge water排出水,排水,废水v steam electric generating plant蒸汽发电厂v federal water pollution control administration美联邦水污染管理局,联邦水污染控制管理局v cash outlay现金支出v heat load热负荷v return water回水,回流水,回归
6、水,循环水v discharge point排放点,排水点, 出口v sewage treatment plant污水处理厂v sewage effluent污水流出量v return flow回流,回归水流lesson 23 water treatment system水处理系统 organic waste有机废物 inorganic silt无机残渣 storm water runoff暴雨径流 trickling filter滴滤池器, 滴流生物滤器 rotating biological reactor旋转生物反应器 phosphorus removal除磷 sewage sludge
7、污水处理生成的污泥,污水污泥,阴沟污泥 anaerobic digestion厌氧消化, 厌气消化 bacterial action细菌作用,细菌活动 stabilized humus稳定的腐殖质 gravity thickening重力增稠; 重力浓缩 moisture content湿量; 水分(含量) sludge dewatering污泥脱水 sludge drying bed污泥干燥床,污泥干化床 vacuum filtration真空过滤 centrifugation离心过滤 filter press压滤机 ocean dumping海洋倾弃 incineration焚化,焚烧 f
8、uel cost燃料费 soil conditioner土壤改良剂,土壤调节剂 pathogenic microorganism致病微生物,病原微生物 viable cell活细胞 salmonella沙门氏菌 raw sludge原污泥 digested sludge消化污泥;消化过的污泥 fecal coliform粪便大肠菌 dry weight basis干重组成 humic material腐殖质 runoff water径流水,河水 ground water地下水 dry basis干燥质, 折干计算,干燥基质 clay mineral粘土矿物 (即胶体矿物) insoluble
9、compound不溶解化合物 dissolved air flotation溶气浮选;溶解气浮选 anaerobic digestion厌氧消化, 厌气消化 aerobic digestion需氧消化 vacuum filtration真空过滤 belt-filter带式过滤器 wet air oxidation湿式空气氧化 pressure filtration加压过滤;压滤,压渗 suspended solid悬浮固体 alum sludge明矾污泥 hydrolysis水解 gelatinous aluminum hydroxide凝胶状氢氧化铝 lime sludge石灰(乳)渣, 滤
10、泥 hydrated metal oxide水合金属氧化物 pathogenic microorganism致病微生物,病原微生物 fecal排泄物的, 渣滓的, 糟粕的 coliform大肠菌 pathogenic bacteria病菌,病原菌 Salmonelleae沙门氏菌族 shigellae志贺氏菌 enteric (intestinal) viruses 肠病毒 enterovirus肠道病毒 poliovirus脊髓灰质炎病毒 parasite寄生虫, 食客 entamoeba histolytica痢疾内变形虫;痢疾阿米巴,痢疾内阿米巴 ascaris lumbricoides
11、蛔虫,人蛔虫 sludge cake污泥饼块 bulking agent膨胀剂, 填充剂, 疏松剂(添加于烟叶中使之松散的中性物质) wood chips木片, 木屑, 刨花 lime stabilization石灰稳定法lesson 24n land use用地;土地利用;土地使用n zoning分区,区域划分 (商业区,住宅区,工业区等) n open area空旷地区; 开阔区;开放区n all-inclusive包括一切的n common sense常识(尤指判断力)n low-rise(建筑物, 尤指公寓)层数少而没有电梯的, 不高的n medium-rise中型的n high-ri
12、se(建筑物)超高层的, 高楼的;n.高楼, 大厦n print shop印刷所n light manufacturing轻工业n heavy manufacturing重工业n vacant lot空地n recreational area休养区,娱乐区,游息区n row crop中耕作物n vineyard葡萄园n solid waste collection system固体废物收集系统n wholesale store批发商店n retail store零售店n tin can马口铁罐头盒,锡罐n aluminum can铝罐n municipal incinerator城市垃圾焚化炉
13、n individual residence私人住宅n street sweeping街道清扫n municipal litter container 城市垃圾箱n catch-basin雨水井;沉泥井n diffuse source扩散源n recurring event 可重现事件n municipal agency市政机构n vine crop蔓生作物n animal manure厩肥;牲畜粪n over time随着时间的过去n with great care and caution 以极细心和谨慎的态度 lesson25lesson26l adsorbing medium吸附性介质,
14、吸附介质l adsorbent吸附剂l adsorbate被吸附物,吸附质,吸附物 l solvent vapour溶剂蒸气l exhaust system排气系统,抽风系统,排气装置l physical adsorption物理吸附(作用)l chemisorption化学吸收作用 =chemical adsorption化学吸附l adhere to粘附, 粘着, 坚持, 追随, 拥护l intermolecular attractive force分子间引力l van der waals forces范德华力l enthalpy 焓,热焓enthalpy of adsorption吸附焓
15、; enthalpy of vaporization汽化焓;specific enthalpy比焓heat of condensation物凝结热l adsorbed gas吸附气体l monomolecular layer单分子层l bonding force键力; 结合力l heat of reaction反应热l chemisorbed molecules化学吸附的分子l gas phase气相l catalytic effect催化作用 catalysis催化作用l exothermic process放热过程l valence force价力 l particle diameter颗
16、粒直径l surface area表面面积,表面积l pore diameter孔径l molecular diameter分子直径 l activated carbon活性碳l silica gel硅胶l fixed bed固定床 fixed adsorbent bed固定式吸附剂床l air-flow resistance 气流阻力l pressure drop压力下降, 压强下降l fluidized bed 流化床l size reduction减缩尺寸,打小,破碎,粉碎l sodium silicate solution硅酸钠溶液l activated alumina活性氧化铝l p
17、etroleum industry石油工业l fullers earth(去油污的)漂白土l synthetic zeolite合成沸石l molecular sieve分子筛l crystalline structure晶体结构,结晶组织l molecular dimension分子大小l dipole moment 偶极矩l solvent extraction溶剂提取, 溶剂萃取l emission发射,放射,散发 benzo-pyrene emission苯并芘排放 television emission电视发射l exhaust gas废气l purge gas吹扫用的气体l put
18、 on stream开动;投入生产l Federal Standard联邦标准l public utility 公用(服务)事业l steam generating plant蒸汽发生装置,锅炉装置l nominal diameter通称标称直径l normal paraffin正链烷烃,直链烷烃, 正构石蜡烃l branched hydrocarbon支链烃l cyclic hydrocarbon环烃l dwell time 停留时间l batch operation 间隔(式)运行,分批运行l continuous operation连续运行l gas velocity气体速度l Vapo
19、r laden air蒸汽负荷的气体;l Steam蒸汽;l exhaust gas to atmosphere尾气去大气;l steam plus solvent vapors气流加溶剂蒸汽;l condenser 冷凝凝结、冷却器,制冷装置;电容器;聚光器镜;l decanter 倾析器,滗析器; l top-phase liquid顶端液体;l bottom-phase liquid底端液体。Sketch of a two-unit fixed-bed adsorber两单元固定床吸附器l experimental observation实验观测;实验观察l equilibrium da
20、ta平衡(状态时的)数据l equilibrium solubility平衡溶解度l partial pressure分压l molar mass摩尔量l adsorption isotherm吸附等温线; 吸附动力学l elution process洗脱过程,洗脱方法l approximation equation近似方程l data point数据点l upper limit上限,上界l unstable state非稳态l concentration profile浓度剖视图, 浓度分布曲线l adsorption zone吸附带,吸附区l time interval时间间隔, 时程,
21、时节,时间段l adsorption wave吸附波l linear speed线速度;线性速度l breakpoint 破点l effluent stream流出气(或液)流l trailing edge 后沿l leading edge前沿,前缘l emission standard排放标准breakthrough n.穿透,穿破,击(贯)穿;突破点,转折点l uniform distribution均匀分布,一致分布l breakthrough curve穿透曲线lesson 27n air pollution空气污染,大气污染n primary air pollutant一次大气污染物
22、n lead compound铅化合物n leaded gasoline加铅含铅汽油n secondary air pollutant二次大气污染物n chemical reaction化学反应n air stagnation空气停滞n threshold level临界值,门槛值,阈值 threshold开始, 开端, 极限n biological magnification生物放大(作用)n determining factor决定因素,决定性因素n nitrous oxide一氧化二氮,氧化亚氮,笑气n liquid droplet液滴n salt spray盐沫,盐雾n radioac
23、tive substance放射性物质n forest fire森林火灾n decaying organic matter 腐烂的有机物n incomplete combustion 不完全燃烧n furnace炉子, 熔炉n cigarette smoke香烟的烟n aerobic respiration需氧呼吸,有氧呼吸作用n sulfur-containing ores含硫矿石n ore矿石, 含有金属的岩石n volcanic eruption火山爆发n oil spill原油溢出,溢油,漏油,浮油n wind erosion风蚀n petroleum refining石油加工n gl
24、ass etching玻璃蚀刻(法) etching蚀刻版画, 蚀刻术n fireproofing insulation耐火绝缘 n deterioration 变坏,腐化,堕落n brake lining制动衬面,刹车衬面lesson 28n air pollution空气污染n water pollution水污染, 水质污染n garbage垃圾,废料,污物n electrostatic precipitation 静电除尘,静电沉淀n wet scrubber湿式洗涤器, 湿式涤气器n gaseous effluent 气态排出物, 废气n ground level concentra
25、tion地表浓度;地面浓度 n electric charge物电荷n electrical properties电气性质,电性质 n moisture content湿度,湿量; 水分(含量)n coarse particle粗颗粒,粗分子 n solvent recovery 溶剂回收n pressure drop 压力降n stationary source固定污染源,固定源n attendant danger附带危险,附带风险n environmental impact环境影响,环境冲突n national air quality standard国家空气质量标准n installed
26、 capacity装机容量,安装容量n thermal power station热电厂,火力发电厂,热电站n acid rain control area酸雨控制区 n sulfur dioxide pollution control area二氧化硫污染控制区n low-sulfur coal 低硫煤n medium sulphur coals 中硫煤n High sulphur coals高硫煤n power unit发电机组,功率单位,电源设备n construction project建筑项目,建筑产品,施工项目n State Council国务院n Two Control Area
27、s 双控区n automobile emission汽车排放物,汽车尾气n motor vehicle机动车辆, 摩托车辆n industrialized country工业国n secondary pollution二次污染n photochemical smog光化烟雾n internal combustion engine内燃机n air injection空气喷射, 喷气n mixture control混合控制,混合物控制,燃料混合剂调节n after-burner加力燃烧室,补燃器n gas turbine燃气涡轮,燃气轮机n steam engine蒸汽机n electric m
28、otor car电动车,电池机车n rotating compressor旋转式压缩机n cylinder arrangement汽缸布置,气缸排列n steady flow稳流n excess air过量空气(超过理论所需的)n Jet aircraft喷气飞机;喷气式飞机n fuel economy耗热率, 燃料燃烧效率,燃料经济性n full load全负荷 part load部分负荷n throttle setting节流阀调定n battery car电池汽车n gasoline tank油箱n mass transit公共交通, 公共交通工具(总称) mass transit sy
29、stem公共交通系统n densely populated area人口稠密地区n motor vehicle pollution机动车污染n engineering effort工程计划,技术工作,设计工作n control measures管理措施n raw material原料n operating condition运行条件, 运转状态; 工作状况条件; 操作规范条件; 操纵控制条件n hydrocarbon solvent烃类溶剂,碳氢化合物溶剂n water-based paint水基涂料n oil-based paint油基涂料n copper smelter炼铜炉n rever
30、beratory furnace反射炉,反焰炉n smelting process冶炼过程,冶炼方法,熔炼过程n basic oxygen steelmaking furnace 氧气顶吹炉炼钢n open- hearth furnace 平炉n developed country发达国家n natural gas天然气n mercury cell汞极(制苛性钠)电池n chlorine-caustic氯腐蚀性的n diaphragm cell隔膜电池n process change工艺变化n incandescent light 白炽灯 n fluorescent light荧光灯lesso
31、n 29 Throwaway processes 抛弃法工艺 regenerative processes 再生法工艺 closedloop system 闭路系统,闭合系统 Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 美 环境保护局 Federal Register联邦公报 fossil-fuel-fired steam generator 化石燃料燃烧蒸汽锅炉 power utility发电辅助设施,公用电力事业 emission rate排放率;放射率,放射强度;发射速率 stack gas 烟道气 Process Generics工艺类别 process
32、 operation工艺操作 Active Material活性物质 Key Sulfur Product 关键的硫的产物 Finely ground limestone磨细的石灰石 calcinated limestone 煅烧石灰石 stoichiometric quantity计量数量 removal efficiency 去除效率,脱除效率 lesson 30n lime scrubbing process石灰洗涤法n pilot plant中试装置,中间(实验)工厂n flue gas烟道气体;废气n fly ash粉煤灰;飞尘; 飞灰n settling pond 沉积池n ful
33、l-scale units 全尺寸装置n coal-fired system 燃煤系统 n venturi scrubber 文丘里洗涤器,文丘里除尘器n limestone slurry 石灰石浆液n demister除雾器;除雾的装置 n drain tank疏水箱;排泄柜;污水箱;排水箱n disposal pond处置池 n electric precipitator 静电除尘器、电力除尘器n scrubbing slurry洗涤浆液n carbide sludge 电石渣 n over-all mechanism 全面机理n lime-limestone scrubbing tech
34、nique 石灰-石灰石洗涤工艺n scaling, corrosion, erosion 结垢,侵蚀,腐蚀n fan capacity 风机容量n the capability for particulate removal 脱除颗粒的能力lesson 31n spray dryer 喷雾干燥器n L/G ratio 液气比n fabric filter 织物过滤器;纤维过滤器n filter cake 化工 滤饼 n soda ash碳酸钠,苏打粉 n Medium sulfhur coals 中硫煤n low sulfhur coals 低硫煤n high sulphur coals高硫
35、煤n improved reagent改进试剂n stoichiometric ratio化学计量比, 理想配比值n outlet temperature出口温度 n adiabatic saturation temperature绝热饱和温度 n dew point 露点n rotary and nozzle design 转子和喷嘴的设计n erosion, scaling and plugging腐蚀,结垢和堵塞 lesson 32Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Sulfur Oxide Formation二氧化硫形成热力学和动力学n oxidation s
36、cheme 氧化机理 n high-temperature combustion 高温燃烧n thermodynamic equilibrium relationship 热力学平衡关系lesson 33n gravitational settling重力沉降,重力沉淀n centrifugal impaction离心碰撞,离心压紧,离心撞击n inertial impaction惯性撞击,惯性碰撞n direct interception直接拦截,直接截取n electrostatic effect静电效应n gravitational force重力n centrifugal force离
37、心力 n electrostatic force静电力n subtle difference细微的差异,细微的不同n streamline流线,流水线,流线型的n be associated with与.相联系,与.有关n collision course 碰撞过程n interceptor拦截器,截击机n closest approach最接近点状态n impinge upon影响,冲击,触动,冲,打击n Brownian motion布朗运动 random molecular motion随机分子运动n collection efficiency收集效率,除尘效率,集尘效率n mutual
38、 intermolecular attraction相互分子间内引力n ultrasonic device超声波器件;超声波设备n industrial collection device工业收集装置,工业除尘装置n gas cleaning device气体净化装置lesson 34n particulate matter 颗粒物质n Gravitational settling chamber重力沉降室n Brownian motion 布朗运动 n Inertial mechanism惯性机理 n tangential gas inlet切向进气(口)n dry centrifugal
39、collector干式离心除尘器n electric field 电磁 电场n electrostatic charge 电磁 静电电荷;物 静电荷n ESU 静电单位(Electro Static Unit 的缩写)n electrostatic precipitator 静电除尘器n direct-current corona直流电晕n corona discharge 电晕放电n fabric filter袋滤器,布袋除尘器lesson 35 Wet Scrubbers 湿式洗涤器n spray chamber 喷雾室n gravity, inertia, and centrifugal
40、 force 重力,惯性力,离心力n demist section 除雾段 n spray tower 【化工】喷雾塔n packed tower 化工 填料塔;填充塔n open spray tower 空塔喷雾塔n perforated plate 多孔板n flooded bed scrubber淹没式填料床洗涤器 n submerged-orifice scrubber 液下喷嘴洗涤器 n venturi scrubber 文丘里洗涤器n flooded disc scrubber 漫水圆盘型洗涤器n collection efficiency除尘效率;收集效率;集尘效率;收集率 le
41、sson 36fabric filter : 织物过滤器; 纤维过滤器 ; 纤维织网过滤器 air-to-cloth ratio (A/C)气布比n pulse-jet cleaning baghouse脉冲喷射清灰式布袋除尘器,脉冲喷射袋滤室 n dust cake 集尘滤饼n Solids Retention固体截流 (容尘量) n Corrosion Resistance抗腐蚀能力n dimensional stability 形稳性,尺寸稳定式lesson37n coal-fired power plants 燃煤电厂 n discharge electrode 放电极,电 放电电极n
42、 charged particles荷电颗粒n electrical conductivity电导率n migration velocity 迁移移动速度n electrical resistivity电阻率,电阻系数n bulk resistivity体积比电阻,体电阻) n Specific Collection Area比收尘面积n removal efficiency去除效率,去除率n migration velocity 迁移移动速度collecting electrode集电极;收集电极n Discharge electrode放电极, 放电电极Electrostatic Prec
43、ipitators(ESPs) 静电除尘器;电集尘器 Lesson 21 Noise noise n.喧闹声,杂声响声,不寻常的声音噪音 interpretation n.理解,阐明翻译表演,演奏解释 appreciation n.欣赏,赏识正确评价,鉴别感谢增值 accrue vi.(利息等)自然增长,出现 assembly vi集合,调集,装配vi.集合 pneumatic a.空气的,气体的 装有气胎的 snowmobile n. 履带式雪上汽车,乘雪上汽车旅行motorcycle n.摩托车vi.骑摩托车,坐.摩托车 high-powered 高功率 amplifier n.放大器扩音
44、机 band n.团,队,伙,邦带,波段,频带vt.用带子捆扎比团结,联合 premature a 早熟的,不成熟的过早的,不到期 interfere vi干涉,干预妨碍,搔扰 recreation n.再创造,再创作再创造事物休养 apartment n.房间,一套房间(英) ,一套公寓房间(美) isolation n.隔离,弧立;脱离;分离 acoustical a.听觉的,传音的,声学的 irritated a.被激怒的,生了气的 ballast n.给定因素;镇重物,镇流器vt.使给定 fluorescent a.荧光的,发荧光的 bothersome a.麻烦的,讨厌的 canni
45、ng n.罐头制造,外壳密封 forging n.锻、锻件 hum vi发哼哼声n.哼哼声,嘈杂声,嗡嗡声 endanger vi危害,危及,使遭到危险 din n.闹声,骚声vt.絮絮不休地说 lawnmower n.割草机 horn n.角,触角;角质;角质物;号角,喇叭vt.装角于,把作成角状物 muffle vt.消音,捂住n.消声器;马弗炉 coworker n.共同工作的人,合作者,同事 bursting n.爆炸,突发,一时迸发,突然破裂 forewarn vt预先警告 impending a.急迫的,紧急的 earplug n. (防水、或防震聋用的耳塞 suck vt.吸吸收,吸取vi.吸奶,吸n.吸 annoyance n.烦恼,烦扰烦恼的事情 remainder n.剩余物,残余部分剩下的人a.剩余的 drop forging 锤锻,冲锻、落锻 rock band 摇摆滚乐团(队) specify vt.精确测定,拟定技术条件 e
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