高中英语句子成分分析90575.pptx

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1、会计学1高中英语句子成分高中英语句子成分(j zichngfn)分析分析90575第一页，共39页。句子成分句子成分(j zichngfn)第1页/共39页第二页，共39页。1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.主主语语(zhy)谓谓语语定定语语(dngy)宾宾语语状状语语第2页/共39页第三页，共39页。第3页/共39页第四页，共39页。第4页/共39页第五页，共39页。nShe doesnt seem to like dancing 第5页/共39页第六页，共39页。（名词(mng c)）（代词）（名词、数词）第6页/共3

2、9页第七页，共39页。（名词(mng c)化形容词，名词(mng c)）（不定式短语(duny)）（动名词短语(duny)）（宾语从句）第7页/共39页第八页，共39页。 直接宾语和间接宾语直接宾语和间接宾语 有些及物动词后面要跟有些及物动词后面要跟2个宾语个宾语,分为分为(fn wi)直直接宾语和间接宾语接宾语和间接宾语; 直接宾语多为物直接宾语多为物,间接宾语多为人，表明动作是对间接宾语多为人，表明动作是对谁做的。谁做的。 We brought them some food. 主主 谓谓 间宾间宾 直宾直宾 He showed me how to run the machine. 主主 谓

3、谓 间宾间宾 直宾直宾若先说直接宾语若先说直接宾语( (物物),),后说间接宾语后说间接宾语( (人人),),必须必须(bx)(bx)借助介词借助介词 toto 或或 for for：We bought some food for them.We bought some food for them.He showed how He showed how toto run the machine run the machine toto us. us. 第8页/共39页第九页，共39页。 宾语补足语宾语补足语 - 有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思, 还必须

4、在宾语还必须在宾语后后 加上宾语补足语加上宾语补足语, 句意才完整。宾补补充句意才完整。宾补补充(bchng)说说明宾语干什么明宾语干什么, 或处于何种状态。或处于何种状态。 名词名词, 形容词形容词, 副词副词, 介词短语介词短语, 不定式不定式, 现在分词和过现在分词和过去分词去分词 可充当宾补。可充当宾补。形容词形容词 Leave the door open.副词副词(fc) We found John out when we arrived.介词短语介词短语 Make yourself at home.省略省略to的不定式的不定式 I saw him enter the hall.现在

5、分词现在分词 The boss keeps them working all day.过去分词过去分词 I heard my name called.第9页/共39页第十页，共39页。nHis spoken language is good.(形容词形容词)(名词名词(mng c)(数词数词(shc)(名词的所有格名词的所有格)(动名词动名词)(现在分词现在分词)(过去分词过去分词)第10页/共39页第十一页，共39页。第11页/共39页第十二页，共39页。The girl in red is his sister.We have a lot of work to do.The girl st

6、anding under the tree is his daughter.Do you know the man who spoke just now?There is nothing interesting in this book.第12页/共39页第十三页，共39页。.第13页/共39页第十四页，共39页。John often came to chat with me As he was ill, he didnt come to class yesterday. She is sitting at the desk, doing her homework. My father wor

7、ked in this school ten years ago.Though he is young, he knows a lot.He came running. (程度程度(chngd) 目的目的)（地点（地点(ddin) 伴随）伴随） （地点（地点(ddin) 时时间）间）（让步）（让步）（方式）（方式）(原因原因)第14页/共39页第十五页，共39页。nschool.第15页/共39页第十六页，共39页。（六）宾语补足语（六）宾语补足语有些及物动词除了有一有些及物动词除了有一个个直接宾语以外，直接宾语以外，第16页/共39页第十七页，共39页。She asked me to len

8、d her a hand.Please make yourself at home.Please keep the dog out.We must keep it a secret.第17页/共39页第十八页，共39页。主动语态主动语态(y ti)变成被动语态变成被动语态(y ti)后后,宾语补足语变宾语补足语变成主补成主补. I last saw him playing near the river.He was last seen playing near the river.The teacher caught the student cheating in the examThe st

9、udent was caught cheating in the exam We made him monitor.He was made monitor.He pushed the door open.The door was pushed open.第18页/共39页第十九页，共39页。第19页/共39页第二十页，共39页。1.The war was over.2.They seem to know the truth.3.Time is precious.4.Im not quite myself today.5.Who was the first?6.He is out of cond

10、ition.7.The book is what I need.第20页/共39页第二十一页，共39页。（八）同位语（八）同位语 位于名词或代词后面，说明它们的性质位于名词或代词后面，说明它们的性质(xngzh)和情况和情况 We young people should respect the old.名词名词He himself will do the experiment.代词代词(dic)He is the oldest among them four.数词数词He told me the news that our team won the game.从从句句He told me th

11、e news that I am interested in.从句从句第21页/共39页第二十二页，共39页。第22页/共39页第二十三页，共39页。(一一) 挑出下列挑出下列(xili)句中的宾语句中的宾语 My brother hasnt done his homework. People all over the world speak English. How many new words did you learn last class? Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? Th

12、e old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.第23页/共39页第二十四页，共39页。(二二) 挑出挑出(tio ch)下列句中的表语下列句中的表语- The old man was feeling very tired.- The leaves have turned yellow.- Soon They all became interested in the subject.第24页/共39页第二十五页，共39页。(三三) 挑出下列挑出下列(xili)句中的定语句中的定语1. What is your given name?2. I am a

13、fraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.3. The man downstairs was trying to sleep.4. I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!第25页/共39页第二十六页，共39页。(四四) 挑出下列挑出下列(xili)句中的宾语补足语句中的宾语补足语 She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room. He asked her to take the boy out of s

14、chool. She found it difficult to do the work. They call me Lily sometimes. I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.第26页/共39页第二十七页，共39页。(五五) 挑出挑出(tio ch)下列句中的状语下列句中的状语 There was a big smile on her face. Every night he heard the noise upstairs. He began to learn English when he was eleven. The man on the motorb

15、ike was traveling too fast.第27页/共39页第二十八页，共39页。 With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off. She loves the library because she loves books. I am afraid that if youve lost it, you must pay for it. The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.第28页/共39页第二十九页，共39页。round and tal

16、l like a tree. round and tall like a tree. （）名词名词(mng c)代词代词(dic)数词数词动名词动名词不定式不定式疑问词疑问词+不定式不定式从句从句It作形式主语，作形式主语，that从句是真正的主语从句是真正的主语第29页/共39页第三十页，共39页。当不定式、动名词或从句在某个句子中作主语当不定式、动名词或从句在某个句子中作主语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免(bmin)头重脚轻，因此常用头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语置于句首，作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时it只

17、起先行引只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。导作用，本身无词义。什么情况什么情况(qngkung)下用下用it作形作形式主语？式主语？第30页/共39页第三十一页，共39页。 你能划出下列句子的真正的主语吗你能划出下列句子的真正的主语吗?你懂得你懂得(dng de)翻译下列句子吗？翻译下列句子吗？1) It is wrong to tell a lie. ( ) 2) It is no use arguing about it. ( ) 3) It is uncertain who will come. ( ) 说谎说谎(shu hung)是错误的。是错误的。争吵争吵(zhngcho)是没用的。是没

18、用的。谁要来还不确定。谁要来还不确定。第31页/共39页第三十二页，共39页。7.Did you write down what she said? 7.Did you write down what she said? ( )( )8. She felt it her duty 8. She felt it her duty toto take good care take good care of them.of them.( ( ) )名词名词(mng c)代词代词(dic)数词数词动名词动名词不定式不定式疑问词疑问词+不定式不定式从句从句It作形式宾语，不定式是真正的宾语作形式宾语，不

19、定式是真正的宾语第32页/共39页第三十三页，共39页。名词名词(mng c)代词代词(dic)数词数词从句从句形容词形容词/副词副词介词短语介词短语分词分词第33页/共39页第三十四页，共39页。swimming in the river is my brother. swimming in the river is my brother. ( )( )形容词形容词副词副词(fc)代词代词(dic)数词数词名词所有格名词所有格名词名词介词短语介词短语现在分词现在分词第34页/共39页第三十五页，共39页。过去分词过去分词不定式不定式动名词动名词从句从句(cn j)第35页/共39页第三十六页，共39页。副词副词(fc)，程度程度介词介词(jic)短语，短语，地点地点分词，伴分词，伴随随不定式，目的不定式，目的形容词，状态形容词，状态让步状语从句让步状语从句结果状语从句结果状语从句第36页/共39页第三十七页，共39页。时间状语时间状语(zhungy)从句从句原因状语原因状语(zhungy)从句从句条件状语从句条件状语从句第37页/共39页第三十八页，共39页。形容词形容词名词名词(mng c)介词介词(jic)短语短语过去分词过去分词现在分词现在分词省略掉省略掉to的不定式的不定式不定式不定式第38页/共39页第三十九页，共39页。