高考英语语法填空的答题技巧分析.doc

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1、第 1 页高考英语语法填空的答题技巧分析高考英语语法填空的答题技巧分析高考英语语法填空的答题技巧应试技巧一：考查动词时态,不给出明确时间状语：这种测试形式在高考单项填空题中非常有效的考查考生是否能灵活运用所学语法知识的能力，因此要指导考生学会认真分析上下文语境，从而能准确确定所要填的时态。高考单项填空题考查动词时态时, 往往题干句无具体明确的时间状语, 考生需对上下文语境进行分析, 才能搞清所要考查的句子时态。19) He kept looking at her, wondering whether he _ her somewhere.A. saw B. has seen C. sees D

2、. had seen【答案为 D 项。从句子表面看，句子的前半句是过去时，然而空格却要填过去完成时，这就要从句子的语意上去分析，此句中的 wondering 实际上是一种心理活动，表示“好像在哪儿见过她” ，从这儿分析这个行为应该是在wondering 之前发生的。 】20) - Is there anything wrong, Bob? You look sad.- Oh, nothing much. In fact, I _ of my friends back home.A. have just thought B. was just thinking第 2 页C. would just

3、 think D. was just be thinking【答案为 B 项。从对话看，句子都是现在时，很多考生在解答这道题时，会习惯地选择 A 项，然而空格却要填过去进行时，与上面那道题一样，要从句子的语意去分析，回话中 in fact, 实际上是回答问话这与其说话时自己所呈现的思维状态，也就是他在回话钱的行为状态，故应用过去进行时。 】应试技巧二：明辨固定搭配置换迷雾现象：解答这类题时, 考生应认真细心观察句子结构，尤其是一些常用句型转换、常用短语或从句关联词的割裂现象, 高考命题是常常采用这种方式使短语或固定搭配中的某个成分不在原来位置, 从而使该短语或固定搭配难以辨认。若考生对所学语言

4、知识掌握得不好的话，在考试中是难以对这种现象做出正确的判断和抉择的。因此，这类题也是考生常常丢分的题。21) In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help.A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom【答案为 D 项。解答这道题首先要弄清楚句中的短语“turn to somebody for help”搭配，这句又是定语从句，但短语被认为割裂开之后，介词 to 与关系代词 whom 搭配在一块，根据语法规则与介词连用的关系代词必须用宾格第 3 页形式。所以正确答

5、案是 to whom。 】22) Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree _ they can be controlled on purpose.A. With which B. to which C. of which D. for which【答案为 B 项。这道题与上面那道题的思路是一致的，短语 be controlled to，也是被割裂开，与关系代词连用。这儿指的是“控制到.程度” ，故只有 to which 符合题意。】应试技巧三：明确省略成分, 补全句子看清真面目试题命制时，为使语言生

6、动，自然、简洁，所以常常采用这种省略形式。解答这类题，首先要求考生弄懂句意，再根据所学语法知识将句子还原或补全，有助于考生快速地掌握句子的意思。不过这类现象多为同源主语的省略。23) _ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared【答案为 D 项。本题考查 when 之后非谓语动词用法。对 when 用法的判断是解题关键。when(或其它词，如：while， since

7、，once 等)引导状语从句时，若从句主语和第 4 页主句主语相同，且从句谓语部分含有 be 时，可把从句主语和 be 同时省略。本题干中在 when 后省略了 it is。即when it is compared with the size of the whole earth.】24) The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it.A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun【答案为 D 项。本题 once 之后省略了 it is, 显然,

8、此处应用被动语态。 】25) We all know that, _, the situation will grow worse.A. not if dealt carefully with B. if not carefully dealt withC. if dealt not carefully with D. not if carefully dealt with【答案为 B 项。if 后接的省略句，其实它的完整结构是 if it is not carefully dealt with。显然，选项的内容省略了 it is, 而剩余部分就是正确答案。 】应试技巧四：巧用结构分析句子，理

9、顺还原本来面目有些语法填空题的句子结构较复杂，迷惑性大，稍有疏忽，必定会受到干扰项的干扰，这时就需要耐心和细心地分析句子，弄清结构，再对照选项进行甄别选出正确选第 5 页项。26) You cant imagine what difficulty we had _ home in the snowstorm.A. walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking【答案为 D 项。Imagine 后面的宾语从句是 what 引导的感叹句，其正常语序为：We had difficulty _ home in the snowstorm. 其实这句就是考查 have diff

10、iculty/trouble (in) doing something 句型结构。 】应试技巧五：语境背景要弄清，细心分析究根源有些语法填空题常常在语境中考查考生对语言结构和语言知识的考查，这类题型是近年来常考题。这就要求考生要针对语境做细致的分析，以语境为切入点对测试题进行思考，分析，甄别和抉择。27) -Bill, if it doesnt rain, we can go straight on and spend more time in Vienna.- _ I just want to hear Mozart.A. Well done! B. No problem. C. Thats

11、 great! D. Thats it.【答案为 C。Thats great!意思是“太好了!太棒了!” 。根据对话材料，我们 I just want to her Mozart, 可以断定出说话者本人自己想去听莫扎特的音乐会，当听到对方说可能要去维也纳时，心中不禁大喜。Well done!第 6 页的意思是“干得好!”problem 意思是“没问题。 ”Thats it. 表示为“做得对!就是这样!” 】28) -Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Palace?-Sorry, I am not sure. But it _ be.A

12、. might B. will C. must D. can【答案为 A。根据答语中的 I am not sure, 就是一个重要的信息，表明说话者把握不大。根据语法规则，但没什么把握是或不确定时，一般用情态动词 may 或 might。 】高中英语的听力的答题技巧一、数字。数字型试题主要考查数字，包括数量、年龄、时间、价格等，可以出现在听力考试的所有题型中。针对不同的数字型试题，考生可以采取记录、判断以及推断等不同技巧进行答题。提示 1：如对电话号码、门牌号、航班号、车牌号等，考生可采取听写记录所需数字。提示 2：对判断类数字题需要在听到的两个或两个以上数字中判断符合题意的数字。提示 3：对

13、推断类数字题则通常涉及到简单的数学四则运算，需稍加计算，才能得出正确答案。二、地点。第 7 页地点型试题主要考查地点，该项内容的考查多为以where 开头的特殊疑问句，如：Where does the conversation most probably take place?(这段对话最可能发生在什么场合?)解这类试题时，我们需要有一些积累和推断。提示 1：熟悉、积累常用地名，如国家、首都、大城市、著名的标志性建筑以及著名山川河流的名称等。提示 2：熟悉、积累与各个地点场所有关的单词、短语、句型和场景。提示 3：根据对话内容，结合生活常识进行逻辑推断，从而得知对话发生地点。由于地点型试题可能

14、出现在填空中，因此考生还需要注意地点名称的大小写，做到拼写准确规范。三、推断。推断型试题不仅包括推断数字和地点，还常考查学生对人物身份、关系，人物态度、情感以及事件原因的推断。一般来说，此类题通常出现在短对话中。提示 2：熟悉、积累不同语音语调所表达的不同意思，以及特定单词、短语和句型所表达的隐含信息，进行准确判断。提示 3：认真听清事件发生的全部过程及前因后果，去粗取精，去伪存真，才能找出事件发生的真正原因。第 8 页四、主题内容。主题型试题主要考查学生对短对话或短文独白的主要内容的把握能力。学生需要抓住关键字或主题句，根据所获得的关键信息，进行分析概括主题。补充资料：听力常见词汇及句型 一

15、级重要词汇：reserve/reservation, reception/receptionist/reception ,desk,register/registration/book 名词：rent, style, reservation, conference, grades, return flights, accommodation, details, destination, flat/apartment, section, a kings room, shower, deadline, 动词：reserve, spare, register, sign, appreciate, 形

16、容词：available, amazing, scaring, boring, incredible, grand, extra, awful, digital, punctual, 副词：definitely, down, though, slightly, 词组：check out, start off, look into, now that, in a long run, on behalf of, bound for, apart from, tour/scenic spots, take/leave a message, drop in on/at, put sb. at ease

17、, drop sb. off, in stock, 句型：1.Then all set 2.Take your time. 3.Anything but cheap. 4.No wonder5.Its a deal. 6.Youre kidding. 第 9 页7.Can we make it? 8.Thats the way it is. 9.It depends. 10.Its not intended for scientists, either.高中英语需要重点注意的考点一、状语从句的一些引导词需要着重注意1.before: before I could say a word./It

18、may be some time before the situation improves How long itll be before I can go back to work? 2.when: It was six oclock when they arrived at the hotel. 3.since: Its three years since I smoked. 4.as: Great as the difficulty was,./Much as I admire,5.where: They notice that plants dont grow well where

19、there is much shade. My doctor advised me to live where the air is fresher. 6.主将从现：I can when my headache disappear thoroughly. If you go, so will I.二、时态和语态是很重要的考点have been painting all day/be always doing/I did lock it/will still be sleeping/will have left The papers are still being corrected/It is

20、 being 第 10 页served in the dining room.三、注意情态动词对过去表示推测的用法比如，couldnt have done/might have done/neednt have done/should/ought to have done 特别是 shall 的用法: No student shall go out of school without the teachers permission. Tell him that he shall have the wonderful book tomorrow afternoon. It is the rule

21、 that every driver shall obey in this city. Shall I/he book a table? 请别忽视某些情态动词的特殊含义，如：must : If you must know her name, her name is Mabel. would: When I was young, I would sit under the old tree listening to grandpa tell me stories. should: Its strange that Tom, the most excellent student in our gr

22、ade should fail in the exam. may: May you succeed!/May you be happy! 四、你需要记住一些交际用语，比如：Just in case!/Take your time!/Take it easy!/You cant be serious/Up to you!/What if?/Can you make it?/What for?/What kept you?/Of what?/Exactly!/With pleasure!/That isnt due yet./The early train is due to leave at 5:30 第 11 页a.m./Ill give you a lift./Why not?/You are wanted on the phone. 五、非谓语动词注意分清谓语与非谓语，比如：She went to the market, bought some bananas and visited her cousin. She said, and turning away from him, walked rapidly away. Go straight ahead, and you will see a hotel in front of you.