2011届高考英语语法复习：形容词和副词（外研版）.ppt

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1、形容词和副词 一、多个形容词作定语时的排列顺序 限定词(these，those.)数量形容词(three)描绘性形容词(beautiful)大小、长短、高低等形体性形容词(large，long，high)新旧(old)颜色(red)国籍(Chinese)材料(wood)用途(writing)被修饰名词(desk)。 a beautiful white Japanese military jeep 二、形容词作定语后置的几种情况 1当形容词修饰不定代词one,no，any，some和every构成的复合词，如：something，anything，nothing时。 I have somethi

2、ng important to tell you. 2当“形容词介词短语/不定式”构成的短语作定语时。 The teacher asked me a question too difficult to answer. 3当两个意义相反的形容词用“both.and.”；and；or或but连接在一起作定语时。 The students were required to see a film both interesting and instructive. 4当old，long，high，wide，deep等词附有数量词短语作定语时。 The peasants dug a well about

3、fifty metres deep. 三、表语形容词 有些形容词只作表语，通常不作前置定语。常见的表语形容词有：afraid，alone，awake，asleep，alive，alike，ashamed，afloat，well，sorry，unable，worth，sure等。 The old man was alone in the house.【注】 上述形容词可以作补语。 We found the snake still alive. alive，alone，awake等可以用作后置定语。 He is the greatest poet alive. 以a开头的表语形容词大多不可直接用v

4、ery来修饰。 sound/fast asleep熟睡的 wide awake十分清醒的 四、下列形容词作表语时，主语通常是“事”而不是“人”(im)possible，(un)necessary，(im)probable，(in)convenient，如： It is not convenient to work at the weekend. 周末工作不便。 五、形容词作状语 形容词作状语表示伴随或结果。 He returned home，safe and sound.六、复合形容词的构成构成方法例词副词词干分词newlymade 新建的fastchanging 飞速变化着的名词词干过去分词

5、snowcovered 被雪覆盖的名词词干现在分词energysaving 节省能源的名词词干形容词词干lifelong 终生的数词词干名词词干fivestar 五星级的数词词干名词edfourstoreyed 四层的数词词干名词形容词fiveyearold 5岁的形容词词干过去分词readymade 现成的，预先制成的形容词词干名词edcoldblooded 冷血的形容词词干现在分词ordinarylooking 相貌一般的形容词词干形容词词干redhot 炽热的 【注】 复合形容词中的名词不能用复数形式。 七、两种形式的副词 有些副词有两种形式，其中一种形式与形容词相同，另一种形式是在形容

6、词后加后缀“ly”。这两种形式的副词表示的意义不大相同，应加以分辨。 close接近(指距离)closely仔细地，密切地 free免费freely自由地，自如地 deep深deeply深刻地，深入地 hard努力地hardly几乎不 wide宽阔widely广泛地 high高highly高度地 late晚、迟lately近来 near邻近nearly几乎 most最mostly主要地；绝大多数地 easy从容地easily容易地 八、有些副词置于句首可修饰全句，作评注性状语 Fortunately，he was not drowned and was saved by the PLA men

7、. 九、副词enough的用法 1enough作副词用来修饰形容词、副词时要放在所修饰词的后面。 If I had a long enough holiday，Id visit Europe，stopping at all thesmall interesting places. The driver drove his car carefully enough. 2cannot与enough连用，表示“再也不为过”。 You cannot be careful enough.你再细心也不为过。 【注】enough的这一用法可用“cannot(can never).too.”句型替换。You

8、can never be too careful in the street.(You can never be careful enoughin the street.) 十、注意下列几句有关形容词、副词的固定搭配Hes dead/blind drunk.他喝得酩酊大醉。Its raining/snowing heavily.雨/雪下得很大。Hes moving/breathing/drinking/smoking heavily.他吃力地移动/喘着粗气/酒喝得多/烟抽得多。十一、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级1表示倍数的三个句型：(1).times as形容词原级as.This table

9、is 3 times as big as that one.(2).times the性质名词of.This table is 3 times the size of that one.(3).times形容词比较级than.This table is 2 times bigger than that one.2同程度级的比较，用as.as，the same as，such.as引导：Henry does not have so/as many books as I have.亨利不如我的书多。3the比较级，the比较级The more you talked，the less attenti

10、on he paid to you.你说得越多，他越不注意你。4比较级and比较级，表示“越来越”The new city is becoming more and more beautiful.新城变得越来越美丽。5the比较级of the two名词：The taller of the two boys is my brother. 这两个男孩中较高的是我弟弟。6用介词by表示相差的程度。She is taller than I by three inches.她比我高三英尺。7一个人的两种品质的比较，用more.than结构：I think shes more shy than unfr

11、iendly.与其说她不友好，不如说她害羞。8否定比较级最高级There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for his friends.为朋友而放弃生命的人的爱是最伟大的爱。9比较的对象不能相互包容，注意：比较级+than+The Mississippi River is longer than any other river in the United States.密西西比河是美国最长的河。10比较级的修饰语常见的有：rather，much，still，even，far，any(用于否定句或疑问句)

12、，a lot，a little，a great deal，by far，a bit，three times等。The students study even harder than before.学生们比以前学习更努力了。11比较的对象应该相同。The population of China is larger than that of any other country in the world.中国的人口比世界上任何其他国家的都多。China has a larger population than any other country in the world.12.no比较级than的特

13、殊含义A is no more careful than BA和B两人都不仔细。A is no less careful than BA和B两人都很仔细。过 关 落 实1This magazine is very _ with young people，who like its content and style. Afamiliar Bpopular Csimilar Dparticular 解析：be popular with受欢迎。 答案：B2A new _ bus service to Tianjin Airport started to operate two months ago.

14、 Anormal Busual Cregular Dcommon 解析：regular有规律的，固定的。 答案：C3It is not socially _ for parents to leave children unattended at that age. Aaccessible Badorable Cadaptable Dacceptable 解析：acceptable可接受的。 答案：D4After two years research，we now have a _ better understanding of the disease. Avery Bfar Cfairly D

15、quite 解析：far/much/even等副词常用来修饰比较级。 答案：B5He began to take political science _ only when he left school. Astrictly Btruly Ccarefully Dseriously 解析：seriously认真地，严肃地。 答案：D6The final score of the basketball match was 9394.We were only _ beaten. Anearly Bslightly Cnarrowly Dlightly 解析：be narrowly beaten指比

16、分靠近，(对方)险胜。 答案：C7Its hard for him playing against me.Ive got nothing to play for，but for him，he needs to win so _. Afar Bwell Clittle Dbadly 解析：badly在本句中意为“非常，很”。 答案：D8With April 18s railway speedup，highway and air transport will have to compete with _ service for passengers. Agood Bbetter Cbest Dth

17、e best 解析：随着四月十八日前火车提速，公路和航空运输将面临更好 (better service)的竞争。 答案：B9Though he started late，Mr.Guo played the piano as well as，if _，Miss Liu. Anot better than Bnot better Cno better than Dbetter 解析：句中完整结构为if he did not play better than.。 答案：A10Do you need any help，Lucy? Yes.The job is _ I could do myself.

18、Aless than Bmore than Cno more than Dnot more than 解析：more than远远超过。 答案：B11Were happy that our predictions should be so accurate，which is _ from expectation. Aaway Bfree Cfar Dempty 解析：far from意为“远非、远远不够”。 答案：C12_，the girl didnt seem able to do anything right. AExhausted BExhaustedly CTo be exhauste

19、d DBeing exhaustedly 解析：过去分词作状语表动作的被动和完成。 答案：A13.If youre free tonight，Id like to invite you to a movie. Thats nice of you，but are you _？ Ahonest Bcareful CSerious DTrue 解析：serious指“严肃的”。 答案：C14Excited by the news，Marie lay in bed with her eyes _ open while all her family were _ asleep. Awidely；soundly Bwide；sound Cwidely；sound Dwide；soundly 解析：wide open意为“大睁着”，wide为副词，sound作副词 时，意为“深深地、舒畅地”。 答案：B15By looking at a problem in as many ways as possible，creative thinkers can find solutions that would _ remain invisible. Aotherwise Byet Calready Dforever 解析：otherwise与虚拟语气连用，表“否则、要不然”。 答案：A