语法填空公开课.ppt

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1、Rational Cloze语法填空题型概述：语法填空题型概述： 设设1010个空，其中有个空，其中有6-76-7空为纯空格题，空为纯空格题，另有另有3-43-4空为括号中词语的正确形式空为括号中词语的正确形式( (即给即给出提示词题）。出提示词题）。Focus of today!1.“有提示词题有提示词题”一般设一般设3-4小题，且七年高考小题，且七年高考（07-13年）来只考查了年）来只考查了动词的谓语和非谓动词的谓语和非谓语、词类转换语、词类转换、形容词的比较级形容词的比较级。具体分。具体分布为：布为： (1) 动词做谓语：动词做谓语：1-2题；题； (2)动词做非谓语：动词做非谓语：1

2、-2题；题； (3)词类转换：词类转换：1-2题；题； (4)比较等级：比较等级：0-1题。题。1. people stepped on your feet or _（push）you with their elbows（肘部），（肘部），hurrying ahead to get to a bargain.(09高考）高考）2. Being too anxious to help an event develop often _ (result) in the contrary to our intention. (08高考高考)3. “Your father has at last dec

3、ided to stop smoking,” Jane _ (inform). (09 高考高考)给出动词题给出动词题()(). . 谓语动词的时态和语态谓语动词的时态和语态( (主动主动/ /被动被动). ).时态题每年都考时态题每年都考, ,被动语态考过一次被动语态考过一次. .pushedresultswas informedTips1:如果句中缺少谓语动词，并确定所给动词要填写为谓语动词，就要考虑时态和语态。 1) In Logan, three people _ (take) to a hospital, while others were treated at a local cl

4、inic. Two months ago, I _(start) my own program of just daily walking,例例17His fear of failure _(keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon. (2008年深圳一模年深圳一模)That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, _ (close) my book and walke

5、d away. (2008年广州一模年广州一模)were taken完成以下句子，想想有什么好的解题思路或技巧？完成以下句子，想想有什么好的解题思路或技巧？1. 判断句子有无谓语动词判断句子有无谓语动词如果没有谓语动词或要作并列谓语，如果没有谓语动词或要作并列谓语， 那么要填的是那么要填的是_谓语动词谓语动词startedkeptclosed1.They often take children on day-trips,_(bring) along with them all kinds of food for the kids to enjoy.(2013广州一模）广州一模）2)The he

6、admaster went into the lab,_ (follow) by the foreign guests.(). . 非谓语动词：非谓语动词：- -inging形式、形式、- - ed和不定式和不定式形式的运用。每年均有一道题。形式的运用。每年均有一道题。 给出动词题给出动词题()bringingfollowed 如果有谓语动词且又不作并列谓语如果有谓语动词且又不作并列谓语, 那么要填的是那么要填的是 非谓语动词非谓语动词前面为句子前面为句子,分词在句子后独立出来做伴随状语分词在句子后独立出来做伴随状语 _(shock) at the news, I decided to mak

7、e it confirmed first. _(delight) by the result, I share it with my friends and parents. _(look) at me blankly, he turned around and walked away without a word.Shocked Delighted Looking 非谓语做状语非谓语做状语, 观察给出动词与主句主语的关系观察给出动词与主句主语的关系主动的用主动的用doing,被动用被动用done. There is no specific skill_(need) to master thi

8、s task.2.I had no other choice _(leave),so I agreed to pay,but only after my bag was returned. Lessons _ (learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people. 3.As I got off the plane,the first thing that I did _(put) on my thick coat. . (2013广州二模）广州二模） 3) _( complete) the project as plann

9、ed, well have to work two more hours a day.neededleftto putTo completelearned句子已经有谓语句子已经有谓语,给出的动词在某个名词后面给出的动词在某个名词后面,做做后置定语后置定语(To do )1,未做的动作未做的动作.2,表目的表目的.1.But Jane knew from past experience that her _(choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father. (09年广东高考）年广东高考）2. This proverb is saying we hav

10、e to let things go in their _ (nature) course. （08年广东高考年广东高考）3. We drank together and talked _ (merry) till far into the night. (07年广东高考）年广东高考）III. III. 词类转换题。根据该词在句子中所做的句子词类转换题。根据该词在句子中所做的句子成分来确定用哪种形式。每年高考都考查了一题。成分来确定用哪种形式。每年高考都考查了一题。 词类转换题词类转换题choicenaturalmerrily1. He was very tired, but he felt

11、very happy since the crop did “grow” _(high). (08年高考）年高考）2. We will have a _ (far) discussion about this problem at the next meeting.3. “Everything happens for the_(good) ,” my mother said whenever I faced disappointment. (2013 广州一模）广州一模） (). 形容词和副词比较级（七年高考中有五年考到） 比较等级题比较等级题 ()higherfurtherbest谓语谓语时

12、态时态语态语态非谓语非谓语-ing? -ed?to do? 被动？被动？主动？主动？1.动词动词 2.词类转换词类转换 名词名词动词动词形容词形容词3.比较等级比较等级()_句子句子1.He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen.Suddenly,he _(find) that he had run out of salt.(13年广东）2.He was badly hurt and he _(lie) in bed with a high temperature for the past five days.(2014肇庆一模)3.He

13、 _(teach) to do everything the chickens do.(13肇二）4.In one studio,a kind lady told me big stations couldnt risk _(hire) inexperienced person.(2013肇庆一模）5.The NECC students and one of their teachers spent part of their spring break in New York City, helping repair an area _(destroy) by the hurricane.(2

14、014 广州一模）6.The Dorritys have been working hard _(improve) the condition at theWelfare Institute since they came.(13广州一模）7.It can be hard to know who is really in need and who is trying to exploit other peoples _(kind).（2014肇庆一模）8.But such a small thing couldnt _(possible) destroyed a village.(2013广东

15、高考）9.This was the_(bad) thing I ever experienced in “Interesting India.”(2013广州二模）hiringhas laindestroyed was taughtto improve foundpossiblykindnessworst()_篇章篇章 Aiming to cultivate the good habit of protecting the environment, the Students Union held a _1_(create) work competition with the theme of

16、making good use of waste materials. From Jan. 1st to Feb, 10th, more than 900 students _2_(participate) and presented through the Internet over 1,000 works mainly _3_(make) of waste materials. About 200 participants got the first, second and third prizes respectively. Zhang Hua, whose work “Protecti

17、ng the forests, _4_(include) you and me!”_5_(make) of old newspapers and magazines, got the first place. In this activity, the students not only _6_(show)have their _7_(enthusiastic), but also have raised their awareness of _8_(environment) protection. Aiming to cultivate the good habit of protectin

18、g the environment, the Students Union held a _(create) work competition with the theme of making good use of waste materials. From Jan. 1st to Feb, 10th, more than 900 students _(participate) and presented through the Internet over 1,000 works mainly _(make) of waste materials. About 200 participant

19、s got the first, second and third prizes respectively. Zhang Hua, whose work “Protecting the forests, _(include) you and me!”_(make) of old newspapers and magazines, got the first place. In this activity, the students not only _(show)have their _(enthusiastic), but also have raised their awareness o

20、f _(environment) protection. creative made including was made have shown enthusiasm environmental participatedThe Pursuit of Happiness, _1_(direct) byGabriele Muccino, is based on a famous Americansexperience. The theme deals with a single father whoovercame all the difficulties in order to live a_2

21、_ (good) life with his son. Because of the_3_(poor), The mans wife left him, _4_(leave)himand his son eating and sleeping in the street.He_5_(require) to focus more on his work and made up hismind _6_(keep) himself away from all the badhabits for better living conditions for his son._7_(final), he b

22、ecame a millionaire. We gained lots of _8_(beneficial) from the movie, which affected our life in a positive way.The Pursuit of Happiness, _(direct) byGabriele Muccino, is based on a famous Americansexperience. The theme deals with a single father whoovercame all the difficulties in order to live a_

23、 (good) life with his son. Because of the_(poor), The mans wife left him, _(leave)himand his son eating and sleeping in the street.He_(require) to focus more on his work and made up hismind _(keep) himself away from all the badhabits for better living conditions for his son._(final), he became a mil

24、lionaire. We gained lots of _(beneficial) from the movie, which affected our life in a positive way. directed better poverty leaving was required to keep Finally benefits 考点综合应用考点综合应用 Most Americans dont like to get advice 1 members of their family. They get advice from “ 2 (strange)”. When they nee

25、d advice, they dont usually go to people they know. 3 ,many of them write letters to newspapers and magazines 4 give advice on any different subjects 5 (include) family problems, the use of language, health, cooking, child care, clothes, 6 even on how to buy a house or a car.Most newspapers 7 (regul

26、ar) print letters from readers with problems. Along with the letters there are answers 8 (write) by people who are supposed to know how to solve such problems. Some of these writers are doctors, 9 are lawyers or educators. But two of the most famous writers of advice are women without special 10 (tr

27、ain) for this kind of work.fromstrangersInsteadthatincludingandregularlywrittenotherstraining Once upon a time, three men were hiking into a mountain. One day, _16_unexpectedly came upon a large river. No bridge was seen _17_ the river. They needed to get to _18_other side, but had no idea of how to

28、 do so. The first man prayed to God, saying, “Please God, give me the strength to cross this river.” Poof! God gave him big arms _19_strong legs, and he was able, to swim across the river in about two hours, after almost drowning a couple of times. 解题思路：解题思路： 1快速通读全文快速通读全文 2请根据句子结构，试判断每个空格所填词的词性或语请根

29、据句子结构，试判断每个空格所填词的词性或语法功能。法功能。 (16)_ (17)_ (18)_ (19)_ (20)_人称代词人称代词介词介词冠词冠词连词连词overtheytheand _20_(see) this, the second man prayed to God, saying, “Please God, give me the strength and the tools to cross this river.” Poof! God gave him a boat; _21_ helped him across the river in about an hour. The

30、third man had seen how this worked out _22_ the other two, so he also prayed to God, saying, “Please God, give me the strength, the tools and the _23_(intelligent) to cross this river.” Poof! God turned him into a woman. She looked at the map, _24_(hike) up stream a couple of hundred yards, then wal

31、ked across the bridge _25_(safe). (20)_ (21)_ (22)_ (23)_ (24)_(25)_名词名词谓语动词谓语动词非谓语非谓语连词连词连词连词副词副词Seeingwhichbutintelligencehikedsafely Skill 1. 缺主语或宾语，一定填缺主语或宾语，一定填代词代词 I can send a message to kenya whenever I want to, and _ gets there almost in a second. Once upon a time, three men were hiking int

32、o a mountain. One day, _16_unexpectedly came upon a large river.itthey Skill 2. 若空格后是名词，且它没有若空格后是名词，且它没有限定词限定词（冠词（冠词/形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词/不定代词不定代词)修饰，很可能填修饰，很可能填的就是限定词的就是限定词 1）It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty was very anxious to help _ rice crop grow up quickly. 2)the head of the

33、 village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to _small town some 20 kilometers away where there was a garage.hisa冠词冠词+ 形容词形容词+ 名词名词 Skill 3 若空格后是名词，代词或动名词，且若空格后是名词，代词或动名词，且他们不在句中他们不在句中作主语，或动词的宾语作主语，或动词的宾语。那。那么这个空就很可能填么这个空就很可能填介词介词(然后根据句意和语然后根据句意和语境来确定填哪个介词！境来确定填哪个介词！) who should have the hon

34、our of receiving me _ a guest in their house. No bridge was seen _17_ the river.asover Skill 4 若两个主谓之间如果没有分号或句号，若两个主谓之间如果没有分号或句号，很可能填很可能填连词或从句引导词连词或从句引导词 1)I wanted to see as much of the city as possible in the two days_ I was to return to Guangzhou. 2) He was very tired after doing this for a whole

35、 day, _ he felt very happybeforebut 一、冠词一、冠词 1 But my mood quickly changed when I saw_ first question. (广州二模) 2 Then I went to the department store and bought her expensive gift box of Sichuan beef. .(广州一模) 3. Tom, 8yearold boy, entered a hotel coffee shop. （深一模） 4He talked about how I wrestled with

36、 him in the evenings and _ good many other things. （深二模） 5. I told the bus driver that my baby had just had heart operation and that she was having _ heart failure. （汕头二模） 6.Television is not only a convenient source of entertainment, but also _ comparatively cheap one.（东莞一模）总结：名词前考虑填冠词和不定冠总结：名词前考虑填

37、冠词和不定冠词，记住结构：冠词词，记住结构：冠词+ 形容词形容词+ 名词名词 二、代词二、代词 挖掉代词，句子的结构受到破坏，句子间出现不连贯。 1. I patiently walked to the library, took my seat and did some deep breathing to help relax . （广州二模） 2. The little boy pulled right hand out of the pocket and studied a number of coins in it. （深一模） 3. the driver did to help an

38、d even stopped once to pick up more passengers.（汕头二模） 4If you give your children that they can never do anything quite right, then they will regard as unfit or unable persons. （深圳罗湖） 5. Some 134,000 Chinese students went to study abroad, and 120,000 of were self-funded students,（茂名二模） 6Firstly, we m

39、ust understand the language when we hear spoken.（佛山一模） it总结：缺主语或宾语，一定填总结：缺主语或宾语，一定填代词代词 三、介词三、介词 1.I was always told that the three Ps,were a sure path success. (广州二模) 2Dont be always particular your present work and income. (惠州一模) 3. It began to make sense to me that I could include praise along co

40、nstructive criticism. （深二模） 4. He showed the public a limited edition four-wheel drive car, which is especially made his personal taste. (梅州一模) 5. Five were in critical condition head trauma(外伤, 损伤), said Liz Crouch, the centers chief operating officer. (梅州二模) 6There is no easy way to success langua

41、ge learning.toaboutwith to within总结：若空格后是名词，代词或动总结：若空格后是名词，代词或动名词，且他们不在句中作主语，或名词，且他们不在句中作主语，或动词的宾语。那么这个空就很可能动词的宾语。那么这个空就很可能填介词填介词(然后根据句意和语境来确定然后根据句意和语境来确定填哪个介词！填哪个介词！)四、从句从属连词 定从:which, that, who, whose, whom, when, where, why 名从： what, that，whether, if, where, how, who, when, where, whatever, whoev

42、er, whichever 状从：when，before, after, if, although/though, unless, because 若两个主谓之间如果没有分号或句号，很若两个主谓之间如果没有分号或句号，很可能填可能填连词或从句引导词连词或从句引导词 1.Then I went to the department store I worked part-time and bought her an expensive gift box of Sichuan beef. （广州一模）（广州一模） 2.My face turned red on hearing _ my mother

43、 said. (惠州一模惠州一模) 3. More and more Chinese students go abroad for study, is supported by the Chinese government. （茂名二模）（茂名二模）. 4. Many things must be considered such as the person is interested in and how old he is. （广州一（广州一模）模） 5. I almost started to yell his name _ I suddenly remembered he was in

44、bed asleep. （深二模）（深二模） 6. Some people, however, maintain that this is precisely _ the danger lies. 7. we are satisfied with only a few rules we have memorized, we are not really learning the language. （佛（佛山一模）山一模） 8.I had no idea how to do it. I tried to stay positive and persevered I finally found

45、the solution. （广州二模（广州二模） 9.This, , didnt bother me because maths had always been my strongest subject. (广州二模广州二模) 10. she would point out they had mastered and declared firmly they could learn what they had missed. （深圳罗湖）深圳罗湖） 五、并列连词，如and, but, or, though, although, so，until， 挖掉关联词，要想补上连词，思路必须与作者思路

46、相吻合。 1 I had no idea how to do it. I tried to stay positive and persevered I finally found the solution. （广州二模） 2 I asked my classmates about her interest I made my final decision. （广州一模） 3.Tom, an 8yearold boy, entered a hotel coffee shop sat at a table.（深一模） 4. It is difficult for parents of nearl

47、y every family to teach their children to be responsible for housework, with one of the following suggestions, you really can get your children to help at home. （深圳罗湖）untilandandbut 六、表示起承转合的副词或副词性短语六、表示起承转合的副词或副词性短语 though, however, also, therefore, still, besides, in addition, instead, or ,otherwi

48、se，first, second, then, finally, 等等。 1This, , didnt bother me because maths had always been my strongest subject. (广州二模) 2. Dont always scold and give lots of praise . （深圳罗湖）insteadhowever 七、特殊句型、固定短语搭配七、特殊句型、固定短语搭配 考查对固定结构（短语）的熟悉掌握程度。属于字词层面考查语法。 1.It was not long the waitress came back and then she

49、 began to wipe down the table. 2. was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldnt eat MSG! （广州一模） 3. So careless was I _ I had forgotten all about that. （深二模） 4.as a matter of _ , you have done well and made great achievement(惠州一模) 5When Carettson, 29, a passenger, was trying to br

50、ing Nicoles life（汕头二模） 6. The child was stricken about a mile away the hospital. （汕头二模）beforeItthat fact backfrom语法填空考这些语法填空考这些!1. 1.纯空格形式（纯空格形式（6 67 7空）空）冠词冠词-1)-1)介词介词(1-2)(1-2)代词代词(1-2)(1-2)连词连词(1-2)(1-2)2.2.单词提示形式单词提示形式 （3 34 4空）空）词形转换词形转换(1)(1)形容词副词比较级变化形容词副词比较级变化(0-1)(0-1)动词形态变化动词形态变化并列连词并列连词名