动词不定式课件.ppt
《动词不定式课件.ppt》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《动词不定式课件.ppt(23页珍藏版)》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。
1、 is better than . means victory! 在很多情况下,特别是在口语中,常采用先行在很多情况下,特别是在口语中,常采用先行it代替主语,代替主语,而把不定式后置:而把不定式后置: Its a great pleasure . It is not an easy thing . 这种后置不定式的结构也适用于某些谓语动词不是系动词这种后置不定式的结构也适用于某些谓语动词不是系动词的句子,如:的句子,如: It took us five hours . It made us very angry .不定式结构的逻辑主语通常可在特定的上下文或情景不定式结构的逻辑主语通常可在特定
2、的上下文或情景中看出,也可以由中看出,也可以由“ for + 名词词组名词词组” 来表示,如:来表示,如: It is not hard to do a bit of good. It was difficult to do the work.某些形容词在上述结构中作表语时,常在不定式之前某些形容词在上述结构中作表语时,常在不定式之前加上加上 “of + 名词词组名词词组” 来说明不定式所指的是谁的情况,来说明不定式所指的是谁的情况,如:如: Its kind to think so much of us. Its very nice to be so considerate. Its unw
3、ise to turn down the proposal. It was careless to make such a mistake. 1主语和表语都是不定式(其含义往往一是条件,一是结果),主语和表语都是不定式(其含义往往一是条件,一是结果),如:如: To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people. To do that would be to cut the foot to fit the shoe.2主语是以主语是以aim, duty, hope, idea, intention, mistake, plan, propo
4、sal, job, suggestion 等为中心词的名词词组,或以等为中心词的名词词组,或以 what 引导的名词性从引导的名词性从句表示,后面的不定式说明其内容,如:句表示,后面的不定式说明其内容,如: My idea is . Your mistake was . My suggestion is . What I would suggest is . :在某些句型中,当主语部分有动作动词:在某些句型中,当主语部分有动作动词时,作表语的不定时,作表语的不定式可以省略符号式可以省略符号 “”,如:如: All we have to do is . The only thing I can
5、do now is . All I could do was . 1“”。这类动词常见的有:。这类动词常见的有:afford, agree, arrange, ask, choose, decide, demand, desire, expect, hope, learn, manage, offer, pretend, promise, refuse, want, wish, like, hate, prefer, continue, try, start, forget, mean, intend, begin, 等,例如:等,例如: Ive arranged . I didnt expe
6、ct .2“”。(这种不定式结构接。(这种不定式结构接近一个名词从句)。这类动词常见的有:近一个名词从句)。这类动词常见的有:tell, advise, show, teach, find out, decide, discuss, learn, forget, inquire, know, explain, remember, see, understand, wonder 等。等。 疑问词(也称连接代疑问词(也称连接代/副词)有:副词)有:what, where, who(m), when, how, whether, which(why 除外),如:除外),如: I dont know
7、what to do / where to go / who(m) to ask / when to stop / how to get there. I havent decided whether to sell it or not. We must find out what to do next / where to put it.注注 :如果作宾语的不定式结构有自己的补语,则应使用先行如果作宾语的不定式结构有自己的补语,则应使用先行 it,把不定式后置,例如:把不定式后置,例如: I find it difficult to understand him. We thought it
8、 wrong not to help her. They found it impossible to get everything ready in time.注注 :不定式结构一般不可作介词宾语不定式结构一般不可作介词宾语, 只有在个别场合只有在个别场合, 即在含有即在含有否定意义的带有介词否定意义的带有介词 except 或或 but (=except) 的结构中才能这样用,的结构中才能这样用,例如:例如: He seldom comes except . The child nothing except . She can anything but . He will anything
9、 for you except . They could nothing but .1不定式作定语通常只能放在被修饰的名词之后,如:不定式作定语通常只能放在被修饰的名词之后,如: Its time . He is not a man . Have you anything ? She usually has a lot of meetings in the evening. I want to get something during the vocation.2能带不定式结构作宾语的动词,转化成名词时往往也能带不定能带不定式结构作宾语的动词,转化成名词时往往也能带不定式结构作定语,如:式结构
10、作定语,如: I dont wish to quarrel with you. I have no wish to quarrel with you. They will attempt to cross the river tonight. They will make another attempt to cross the river tonight. She promised not to do that again. She made a promise not to do that again.3某些能带不定式结构作状语的形容词,转化成名词时,也能带某些能带不定式结构作状语的形容词
11、,转化成名词时,也能带不定式结构作定语,如:不定式结构作定语,如: He was obviously anxious to go. His anxiety to go was obvious.4不定式结构与所修饰的名词,有时意义上有着主谓关系或动宾不定式结构与所修饰的名词,有时意义上有着主谓关系或动宾关系,如:关系,如: He has a large family to support (= that he must support).注:处于动宾关系的情况下,如果不定式是注:处于动宾关系的情况下,如果不定式是,它后面应,它后面应加上必要的加上必要的,如:,如: She has a lot o
12、f things to attend . The nurse has five children to look . Lets first find a room to put the things .5有时为了明确不定式结构的逻辑关系,可以在不定式之前加上有时为了明确不定式结构的逻辑关系,可以在不定式之前加上for + 名词词组,如:名词词组,如: Heres a book for you to read. He gave orders for the visitors to be shown in. 不定式结构可以作状语,修饰动词、形容词、副词等,表示不定式结构可以作状语,修饰动词、形容词
13、、副词等,表示等。等。 They ran over . He bought a bicycle . He went home .不定式结构表示目的时,通常句子的主语就是它的逻辑主语不定式结构表示目的时,通常句子的主语就是它的逻辑主语(参见以上三句参见以上三句),但也有例外的情况,例如:,但也有例外的情况,例如: I stopped for him to speak to me. He opened the door for the children to come in. He brought a porter to carry the boxes / bags. They sent a ma
14、n to mend the window. He stood up to be seen better.为了强调表示目的的不定式结构,特别是在不定式结构前有为了强调表示目的的不定式结构,特别是在不定式结构前有否定词否定词 not 时,通常可以在不定式符号时,通常可以在不定式符号 to 之前加上之前加上 in order 或或 so as,如:如: He came here to see Charlie. He shouted and waved to be noticed. He went early not to miss the train. I turned the radio down
15、 not to disturb him.表示目的的不定式可以置于句首,这也是区别于其他功能的表示目的的不定式可以置于句首,这也是区别于其他功能的标志之一。但是,置于句首表示目的的不定式之前可以加上标志之一。但是,置于句首表示目的的不定式之前可以加上in order,但却不可以加上但却不可以加上so as ,如:如: To draw maps properly, you need a special pen. To get the best results, use clean water. What have I said to make you so angry?He came round
16、to find himself in hospital. Would you be so kind as to lend me your bicycle / tell me the time? Im not such a fool as to believe that. The boy is old enough to go to school. His eyesight is too poor to read such small letters. 下列句子中的不表示结果,也无否定含义:下列句子中的不表示结果,也无否定含义: Im only too glad to go. (= Im ver
17、y glad to go.) I shall be only too pleased to get home. (= I shall be very pleased to get home.) 有时,不定式结构还能表示一个随后发生的动作,相当于一有时,不定式结构还能表示一个随后发生的动作,相当于一个并列限定动词词组,这种不定式结构也表示结果,如:个并列限定动词词组,这种不定式结构也表示结果,如: She woke early . He got home . 这种表示结果的不定式结构具有下列几个特点:这种表示结果的不定式结构具有下列几个特点: 不定式所表示的动作是随后发生的,相当于一个限定动词词
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 动词 不定式 课件
限制150内