2013中考英语一轮语法复习：陈述句与感叹句.ppt

《2013中考英语一轮语法复习：陈述句与感叹句.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2013中考英语一轮语法复习：陈述句与感叹句.ppt（28页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、2013中考英语一轮语法复习：陈述句与感叹句 要点梳理要点梳理 中考对感叹句的考查主要是对引导词中考对感叹句的考查主要是对引导词what和和how的选用。的选用。 一、陈述句一、陈述句 .陈述句是叙述一个事实或说话人的观点的句子。它包括陈述句是叙述一个事实或说话人的观点的句子。它包括肯定句和否定句。陈述句的句末用句号，读时用降调。肯定句和否定句。陈述句的句末用句号，读时用降调。 1. 肯定句肯定句 结构：主谓其它结构：主谓其它 如：如：It is cold in winter. 冬天冷。冬天冷。 He went to London for vacation last week. 他上周去伦敦度

2、假。他上周去伦敦度假。 2. 否定句否定句 在在be动词、助动词或情态动词后加动词、助动词或情态动词后加not。如：。如： He is not a worker. 他不是工人。他不是工人。 They dont like eating outside. 他们不喜欢在外面吃。他们不喜欢在外面吃。 3. 否定的其他表达法否定的其他表达法 (1)在句子带有否定词在句子带有否定词hardly, little, few, seldom, rarely等。这些等。这些词本身具有否定意义，无需再加其他否定词。如：词本身具有否定意义，无需再加其他否定词。如： I hardly see anything in t

3、he room. 我几乎看不见房间里的任何东西。我几乎看不见房间里的任何东西。 (2)表示全部否定：表示全部否定：no, never, neither, none, nothing，nobody等。等。 如：如：There is no time to eat breakfast. 没时间吃早饭了。没时间吃早饭了。 表示部分否定：表示部分否定： not all, not everything, not everybody, not everywhere, not always等。等。 如：如：Not all students go to school by bike. 不是所有的学生都骑自行车上

4、学。不是所有的学生都骑自行车上学。 (3)宾语从句的否定形式：当主语为第一人称时宾语从句的否定形式：当主语为第一人称时think, believe, suppose引导的宾语从句中，形式上否定主句的谓语动词实则否引导的宾语从句中，形式上否定主句的谓语动词实则否定宾语从句的谓语动词。定宾语从句的谓语动词。 如：如：I dont think hell come. 我认为他不会来。我认为他不会来。 二、感叹句二、感叹句 感叹句用来表示强烈的感情，如喜、怒、哀、乐等。常用感叹句用来表示强烈的感情，如喜、怒、哀、乐等。常用what和和how引导的两种类型，引导的两种类型，what常用来修饰名词，常用来修

5、饰名词，how常用来修饰常用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。形容词、副词或动词。 .用用what引导的感叹句引导的感叹句 1Whata/an 形容词单数名词形容词单数名词(主语谓语主语谓语)！ 如：如：What a heavy box it is！ 多么重的盒子啊！多么重的盒子啊！ 2What 形容词复数名词形容词复数名词/不可数名词不可数名词(主语谓语主语谓语)！ 如：如：What beautiful flowers they are！ 多么美的花啊！多么美的花啊！ What cold water it is！ 多么冷的水啊！多么冷的水啊！ .用用how引导的感叹句引导的感叹句 1How 形容词形

6、容词/副词主语谓语！副词主语谓语！ 如：如：How beautiful the flowers look in the garden！ 花园里的花看起来真美！花园里的花看起来真美！ How wonderfully they swim！ 他们游得太棒了！他们游得太棒了！ 2How 形容词形容词a/an单数名词单数名词(主语谓语主语谓语)！ 如：如：How strange a man he is！ 他是多么奇怪的人啊！他是多么奇怪的人啊！ 3How 主语谓语！主语谓语！ 如：如：How time flies！ 时间飞逝！时间飞逝！感悟中考感悟中考【例【例1】【】【2012福建福州福建福州】44.

7、Steve, did you see the lantern show when you were in Fuzhou? Of course! _beautiful lanterns!A. What B. How C. What a【答案【答案】A【解析】选【解析】选A。考查感叹句的用法。此处感叹句的中心词是名词。考查感叹句的用法。此处感叹句的中心词是名词lanterns，引导词应该用，引导词应该用what，并且由于，并且由于lanterns是可数名词复是可数名词复数，因此不再用冠词数，因此不再用冠词a。故选。故选A。【例【例2】(2011扬州扬州) Listen! Someone is pl

8、aying the piano. Wow! _ beautiful music! I like it very much. A. What B. How a C. What a D. How 解析：这句强调的是名词，但解析：这句强调的是名词，但music是不可数名词，是不可数名词， 须用须用“What 形容词不可数名词形容词不可数名词”结构。故选结构。故选A。A【例【例3】( 2011 河北河北) Look at the photo of the Smiths. _ happy they are! A. How B. What C. How a D. What a 解析：考查感叹句的解析：考查

9、感叹句的“How 形容词主语谓语形容词主语谓语”结构，结构， 故选故选A。A【例【例4】【】【2012贵州铜仁贵州铜仁】23. Tongren Daily Paper! Todays Tongren Daily Paper!“Students nutrition (营养营养)meal will be done research(调调研研)for in Tongren City.” _ exciting news!A.what a B. what an B.C. what D. how【答案【答案】C【例【例5】【】【2012贵州贵阳贵州贵阳】35. “_ delicious the ice c

10、ream is! Could you give me one more?” “Sure.” A. What B. How C. What a【答案【答案】B考查感叹句引导词的用法。考查感叹句引导词的用法。what修饰名词，修饰名词，how 修饰形容词修饰形容词或副词。或副词。delicious意为意为“美味的，可口的美味的，可口的”，是形容词。根，是形容词。根据句意：冰激凌是多么好吃呀！可以再给我一个吗？当然据句意：冰激凌是多么好吃呀！可以再给我一个吗？当然可以了。故选可以了。故选B.领悟语法领悟语法.用用What, What a或或How填空填空1. high the bird flies！

11、 2. a heavy box it is!3. cold water it is!4. nice day!5. terrible weather we had yesterday!HowWhatWhatWhat aWhat6. good time the children are having in the park!7. wonderful the world is! I hope I can live longer.8. delicious food!9. big ship the workers have built!10. nice the watch is!What aHowWha

12、tWhat aHow.单项选择单项选择( ) 【2012 湖北黄石湖北黄石】33._an exciting basketball match! Miami Heat beat New York Knicks at last. A.How B.What C.That D.So 【答案【答案】B( )2. _good time we had at the party last night! Yes. It was _ exciting party that I would never forget it.(2011深圳深圳) A. What; so B. How; such C. What a:

13、such an D. How a; so an 解析：考查短语解析：考查短语have a good time和和such, so的用法。的用法。 have a good time固定短语，意为固定短语，意为“玩得高兴玩得高兴”。 such修饰名词性短语修饰名词性短语(即即 a/an形容词名词形容词名词)，so直接直接 修饰形容词。故选修饰形容词。故选C。C( )3. There _a big earthquake in Japan this March. Yeah. Many Chinese volunteers went there to help the people in trouble

14、. (2011郴州郴州) A. was B. is C. were D. have 解析：考查解析：考查There be 结构。结构。 句中的时间状语和下句的提示应用一般过去时，后面的句中的时间状语和下句的提示应用一般过去时，后面的 a big earthquake说明谓语动词用单数。说明谓语动词用单数。A( )4. _ delicious beef! Well. You can eat more if you like it.(2011河源河源) A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 解析：考查感叹句。解析：考查感叹句。 What形容词不可数名词！形容词不可数名

15、词！beef为不可数名词。故选为不可数名词。故选A。A( )5. _ wonderful news report he wrote! All of us were proud of him. (2011滨州滨州) A. What a B. What C. How D. How a 解析：考查感叹句。解析：考查感叹句。 由后面的由后面的report可知应该用可知应该用what，report是可数名词单数，是可数名词单数， 故选故选A。A( )6. _ clever the girl is! So she is.(2011福州福州) A. How B. What C. What a 解析：考查感叹

16、句。解析：考查感叹句。How形容词主谓！故选形容词主谓！故选A。A( )7. You cant imagine _ great fun chatting online is. Really? But it may cause you a lot of trouble. (2011南京南京) A. what B. how C. why D. whether 解析：考查句式。分析句意，这是一个感叹句，在名词性解析：考查句式。分析句意，这是一个感叹句，在名词性 词组前，用感叹词词组前，用感叹词what，故选，故选A。A( )8. _ expensive mobile phone it is! Yes

17、, but I think _ style is quite fashionable. (2011镇江镇江) A. What a; a B. How; the C. What an; the D. How an; the 解析：考查感叹句。解析：考查感叹句。 mobile phone可数名词单数，故用句式可数名词单数，故用句式What(a/an)adj. n.主谓！；主谓！；style为特指，前加为特指，前加the。故选。故选C。C( )9. Look at the photo of the Smiths. _happy they are！ (2011河北河北) A. How B. What

18、C. How a D. What a 解析：考查感叹句。解析：考查感叹句。 Howadj.主语谓语！主语谓语！happy是形容词，用是形容词，用how引导。引导。 故选故选A。A( )10. _hard work you have done! Its very kind of you to say so.(2011绥化绥化) A. How B. What C What a 解析：考查感叹句。解析：考查感叹句。 What形容词不可数名词主语谓语！形容词不可数名词主语谓语！ work为不可数名词，故选为不可数名词，故选B。B.阅读短文，并完成下列各题阅读短文，并完成下列各题 Babies do i

19、t for up to eighteen hours a day. Mrs Thatcher and Napoleon both said they only needed to do it three or four hours a night. Sleep. No one can live (1) it. But how much do we really need?提高题提高题 Research by the National Sleep Foundation in Washington says that we all need eight hours sleep every nigh

20、t. Scientists have found that people who sleep for less than six and a half hours a night are (2) often ill than people who sleep for eight hours. Going without sleep also increase the chance of (3)serious illness. “Workaholics(工作狂工作狂)” who sleep for less than five hours often die young, and do less

21、 well at work. The scientists found that, on average, adults sleep for seven hours a night, with 32% sleeping less than six hours. It also says that the idea that we need less sleep as we get older is completely untrue. “People have no idea (4)对于他们的对于他们的健康来说睡眠是多么重要！健康来说睡眠是多么重要！” Dr Thomas Roth, dire

22、ctor of the Foundation says. “Good health needs good sleep.” “But not too much of (5)it，” says Professor Jim Horn of Loughborough University. “Sleep is like food and drink，” he believes, “You would always like to have a little bit more, but that doesnt mean you (6)need it.” Professor Horn studied a

23、group of people who could spend as many hours as they wanted in bed; (7)after ten hours they didnt find it any easier to get up in the morning. And people who sleep for more than nine hours a night die younger than people who usually sleep for seven or eight!1. 在在(1)和和(2)处分别填入合适的词：处分别填入合适的词：2. 分别写出分别写出(3)与与(6)划线单词的同义词或近义词：划线单词的同义词或近义词：3. 将将(4)划线部分译成英语：划线部分译成英语：4. (5)划线单词划线单词it指代的是：指代的是：5. 将将(7)划线部分译成中文：划线部分译成中文：without morebad wantHow important sleep is to their health!sleep10个小时后，他们发现早上起床没有比平时容易。个小时后，他们发现早上起床没有比平时容易。