2015届中考英语动词时态、语态、情态动词专训课件.ppt

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1、20152015届中考英语动词时态、语态、届中考英语动词时态、语态、情态动词专训课件情态动词专训课件 一、一般现在时一、一般现在时一般现在时的谓语构成：一般现在时的谓语构成：1、be动词：动词：am/is/are 2、行为动词：行为动词： A：动词原形动词原形 B：动词动词+-s (主语为单三主语为单三)一般现在时的用法：一般现在时的用法： 1.经常发生经常发生,反复进行的动作或状态。反复进行的动作或状态。2.客观事实或普遍真理。客观事实或普遍真理。3.If ; as soon as 等引导的状语从句。等引导的状语从句。4.当主句是祈使句或含有情态动词时当主句是祈使句或含有情态动词时 的从句。

2、的从句。常与下列时间状语连用：常与下列时间状语连用：often, usually , always, sometimes everyday / week / Sunday实战演练实战演练1.Jim usually _(have) lunch at home, but sometimes he _ (have) it at school.2.Ill tell him the news as soon as he _(come) back.3. If it _ (not rain) tomorrow, well go to the zoo.4. Dont get off the bus until

3、 it_ (stop).5. You may go out to play when you _(finish) your homework.hashascomesdoesnt rainstopsfinish6. The teacher told us that the earth _(travel) round the sun.7. -Do you know if we _(go) to the cinema tomorrow? -I think well go if we _ (not have) too much homework.8. She watches TV twice a we

4、ek. _ _ does she watch TV? travels will go dont have How often 9. Jim has lunch at home everyday. (否定句否定句) Jim _ _ lunch at home everyday.10. He does his homework every day. (一般疑问句一般疑问句)_he _ his homework every day?11. He has few friends, _ _ ? (反意疑问句反意疑问句) doesnt haveDoes do does he二、现在进行时二、现在进行时现在

5、进行时的谓语构成：现在进行时的谓语构成： am/is/are +动词动词ing 现在进行时的用法：现在进行时的用法：表示说表示说 话时或现阶段正在进行或发话时或现阶段正在进行或发 生的动作，生的动作，常与时间状语常与时间状语now, this week, these days 等连用。另外，我们还要注意等连用。另外，我们还要注意句中的隐含条件（如：句中的隐含条件（如：look, listen, Its nine oclock等）。如：等）。如：Look !The students are doing their homework.Listen ! Someone is singing in t

6、he next room.Dont go out ! Its raining hard outside.有些动词如有些动词如come, go, leave, begin, 等的现在进行时可以表示等的现在进行时可以表示预定的或即将发生的动作预定的或即将发生的动作,句中句中常有表示将来的状语常有表示将来的状语:Im leaving on Sunday morning.Jim is coming here this evening.实战演练实战演练1.Look! Some children _ (play) football on the playground.2.Listen ! Someone

7、_ (play) the piano in the room.3.The students of Class Two _ (work) on the farm now.4.Be quiet ! Your father_ (sleep).5.Dont go out ! It _ (rain ) hard outside.are playingis playingare workingis sleepingis raining三、一般过去时三、一般过去时一般过去时的构成：一般过去时的构成： 动词的过去式动词的过去式一般过去时的用法：一般过去时的用法： 表示过去发生的动作或状态表示过去发生的动作或状

8、态.用于一般过去时的时间状语有用于一般过去时的时间状语有:yesterday, yesterday / morning/afternoon/evening, last night / week / month / Sunday / just now , half an hour ago等。等。have a meeting, yesterdayWe had a meeting yesterday.give a concert, last monthJay gave a concert last month. join WTO , in 2001China joined WTO in 2001.g

9、et married , in 1999They got married in 1999. visit Canada,last ThursdayHe visited Canada last Thursday.die , December 9He died in Shanghai on Dec.9.实战演练实战演练1. _ you _a good time last Sunday?2. The headmaster _ (not say) anything at the meeting yesterday.3. Have you ever been there? Yes, I _ (go) th

10、ere last spring.4.Lily_ (fall) off her bike and _ (hurt) herself last Monday afternoon. Did have didnt saywentfell hurt5. Its a long time since we _ last. A. meet B. met C. will met D. have met6. -Have you ever been to the Great Wall ? - Yes, I _ there last spring. A. go B. have gone C. will go D. w

11、entBD5. Mr. Li invited her to the party. （改为一般疑问句）（改为一般疑问句） _Mr. Li _her to the party?6 They asked the teacher a question. （改为否定句）（改为否定句） They_ _the teacher a question.7.He said nothing at the meeting. (同义句同义句) He _say _at the meeting.Didinvitedidnt askdidnt anything8. Tom watched TV for two hours.

12、(对画线部分提问）对画线部分提问） _ _ _Tom _TV?9. She helped me do some cleaning. (对画线部分提问）对画线部分提问） _ _She _ you_ ?10.They knew everything only after you told them.(同义句同义句) They knew _ _ you told them.How long did watchWhat did dohelp nothing until 四、一般将来时四、一般将来时1、一般将来时的构成：、一般将来时的构成： 1）will + 动词原形动词原形 2）am(is,are)

13、going to +动词原形动词原形2、一般将来时的用法：、一般将来时的用法：一般将来时表示将要一般将来时表示将要 发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表将来的时发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表将来的时 间状语连用。如间状语连用。如: tomorrow, today, tonight , next spring/ week/ month/ yearWhat will you do next week?Well only stay for two weeks.实战演练实战演练1. There_ (be) an English film on TV tonight.2. _we_( go) to the p

14、ark next Sunday?3. He _ (not go) home until he finishes his homework.4.What _ you _(do) next Sunday?5. I _ ( be) free tomorrow morning. will beShall gowont gowill doWill be6.There is going to _ a meeting next week. A. be B. have C. is D. has7.-I dont know if it _ tomorrow. -If it _, well stay at hom

15、e. A. will rain ; rains B. rains ; rains C. will rain ; will rain D. rains ; will rain AA 五、过去进行时五、过去进行时1、过去进行时的构成：、过去进行时的构成： was/were + 现在分词现在分词2、过去进行时的用法：、过去进行时的用法： 过去进行时表示过去某一过去进行时表示过去某一 时刻正在进行的动作，时刻正在进行的动作，常用的时间状语有：常用的时间状语有：1)at this time last night, at 9:00 yesterday2)when I saw him; while I wa

16、s watching TV3)from seven to nine4)yesterday, last year, yesterday morning What were you doing this time yesterday? He was drawing an elephant on the blackboard when the teacher came in.实战演练实战演练1. We_( watch) TV when he came to see us.2. I _ ( draw) a picture at this time yesterday morning.3. What _

17、 you _ (do) when the teacher came in ?4. While we _ (talk), the teacher came in. were watchingwas watchingwere doingwere talking助动词助动词have (has) + 动词的过去分词动词的过去分词 注：注：has 用于第三人称单数，用于第三人称单数，have 用用 于其他所有人称。于其他所有人称。 （1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。通常与表示包括现在在内的或结果。通常与表示

18、包括现在在内的时间副词时间副词just ，already, before, yet, never, ever等状语连用。等状语连用。 （2）现在完成时表示过去已经开始，）现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。可以和表示从过去某一时刻或状态。可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括现在在内）的一段延续到现在（包括现在在内）的一段时间的状语连用。时间的状语连用。 如如:for 时间段和时间段和since时间点或时间壮语从句，以及时间点或时间壮语从句，以及 so far 等。等。 She has learnt English for 3

19、 years.They have lived here since 1990.注意：表示短暂时间动作的词，注意：表示短暂时间动作的词，如如come , go , die , join, , buy等等的完成时不能与的完成时不能与for, since等表等表示一段时间的短语连用。示一段时间的短语连用。 have / has been (to) 表示表示“曾曾经经 去过去过”某地某地,说话时此人很可说话时此人很可能能 不在那里不在那里,已经回来。侧重指已经回来。侧重指 经历。经历。 have / has gone (to) 表示某人表示某人 “已经去了已经去了”某地，说话时某地，说话时此此 人在那

20、里，或可能在路上，反人在那里，或可能在路上，反 正不在这里。正不在这里。 将暂短性动词改为相应的延续性动词或短语和将暂短性动词改为相应的延续性动词或短语和一段时间连用，其常用的方法有：一段时间连用，其常用的方法有：a.用相应的延续性动词替换的主要有：用相应的延续性动词替换的主要有： buy have borrow keep catch/get a cold have a cold get to know know join the Party be a Party member短暂性动词与延续性动词短暂性动词与延续性动词leave be away (from) die be deadbegin

21、 be on come here be herefall asleep be asleep join the Army be in the Armycome to work / live work / live begin to study/ teach study/teachB. 把误句中表示一段时间的状语改为把误句中表示一段时间的状语改为 表示过去时间的状语，原动词的完表示过去时间的状语，原动词的完成时改为过去时成时改为过去时 He came here three months ago.C.用用 “It is/ has been +一段时间一段时间 +since (一般过去时一般过去时)”

22、结构。结构。 It is/ has been three months since he came here.D. 用用“多长时间多长时间+has passed + since(一般过去时一般过去时)”结构：结构： Three months has passed since he came here.(4)暂短性动词的肯定式的完成时不能暂短性动词的肯定式的完成时不能 和和how long连用。如：连用。如： 误：误：How long have you borrow the book? 正：正：How long have you kept the book? 正：正：When did you b

23、orrow the book?典型题例典型题例1. _ you ever_ (eat) Beijing duck?2. I wont go to the cinema this Sunday because I _(see) it already.3. Wheres Jim? He _ (go) to England.4. My father _ ( be) to Beijing many times.5. Mr. Green _ (work) here since 1989.6. We _ (know) each other for a year.Have eatenhave seenhas

24、 gonehas beenhas workedhave known7. Its a long time since we _ (meet) last.8. We have been here for four years. (同义句同义句) We _ here four years _.9. Its five years since my grandfather died. (同义句同义句) My father has _ _ for five years.10. My brother has been a soldier for two years.(同义句同义句) My father _

25、_ _ two years ago.met came agobeen deadjoined the army11. Its a long time since we met last. (同义句同义句) We _ _ each other for long time.12. I bought the watch five years ago. (同义句同义句) I _ _ the watch for five years.13. Ive kept the book for two weeks. (同义句同义句) Its two weeks _ I_ the book. havent seenh

26、ave had since borrowed14.She has already seen the film.(否定句否定句) She _ seen the film _.15. Youve never ridden a horse,_ _? (反意疑问句反意疑问句)16. Ive been to Beijing twice.(划线提问划线提问) How _ _ have you been to Beijing? 17. He has lived here for four years. (划线提问划线提问) _ _ has he lived here ?18. My mother went

27、to Beijing. She hasnt come back yet.(同义句同义句) My mother has _ _Beijing. hasnt yethave youmany timesHow longgone to1、概念：表示过去的过去。、概念：表示过去的过去。2、过去完成时的用法：、过去完成时的用法：（1）过去完成时表示过去某一时刻）过去完成时表示过去某一时刻或者某一动作之前完成的动作或状态；或者某一动作之前完成的动作或状态；句中常用句中常用by, before, until, when等词等词引导的时间状语。引导的时间状语。By the end of last year we

28、 had built five new houses.I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university.2）过去完成时的动词还可以表示）过去完成时的动词还可以表示 过去某一时刻之前发生的动作过去某一时刻之前发生的动作 或者状态持续到过去某个时间或者状态持续到过去某个时间 或者持续下去。或者持续下去。 Before he slept, he had worked for 12 hours.实战演练实战演练1.When I got there, the bus_ already _(go).2. The film _(be) on fo

29、r five minutes when I got to the cinema.3. We _ (learn) about 1,000 new English words by the end of last term.4. By the time we got there , the train _ (leave).had gonehad beenhad learnthad left过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间看过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。它是将要发生的动作或存在的状态。它是一个相对的时态，即立足于过去某时，一个相对的时态，即立足于过去某时，从过去的某一时间

30、看即将发生的事情从过去的某一时间看即将发生的事情就要用这一时态。就要用这一时态。 would should 动词原形（其中动词原形（其中 would 用于各用于各 种人称，种人称， should 常用于第一人常用于第一人 称）。称）。例如：例如： They were sure they would win the final victory 他们坚信会赢得最后胜利。他们坚信会赢得最后胜利。 He said it was going to rain 他说天要下雨了。他说天要下雨了。 I didnt know when they were coming again 我不知道他们什么时候再来。我不知

31、道他们什么时候再来。 1.Miss Chen _ us English last term. A. teaches B. taught C. will teach D. had taught 典型例题解析典型例题解析B2. Excuse me. Look at the sign NO PHOTOS! Sorry, I _it. A. dont see B. didnt see C. havent seen D. wont see B3.My mother _the windows already, so the room looks much brighter. A. has cleaned

32、B. had cleaned C. is cleaning D. will cleanA 4.He_this pen for five years. He _it in 1997. A. has bought, bought. B. bought, bought C. has kept, has bought D. has had, boughtDD 5.-Peter, could you come and help me in the kitchen, please? -Sorry, mum, I _ Lily with her English. A. help B. helped C. h

33、ave helped D. am helping 6.When will you tell him the good news? I will tell him about it as soon as he _back. A. comes B. came C. will come D. is coming A7.I don t know if my friend _.If he _,Ill let you know. A. comes, comes B. comes, will come C. will come, comes D. will come, will come8.John sai

34、d he_ supper. He was quite full. A. had had B. was haring C. had D. has eaten CA9.There_two meetings tomorrow afternoon. A. are going to be B. are going to have C. is going to be D. will have10.It_3 years since I _ to No.1 Middle School. A. is, come B. is, have come C. was, came D. is, cameAD9.Kate_

35、to bed until her mother _back.A.wont go, come B. hadnt gone cameC. went, came D. didnt go ,came10.His brother _from home for a long time. A. has left B. has been away C. left D. will leave DB11. -Is your English teacher kind to you? -Yes, Listen! He _ with some of our classmates over there.A. chat B

36、. is chatting C. was chatting12. -When _ you_ for Beijing? -The day after tomorrow. A. do leave B. areleaving C. haveleft D. are leave BB.用所给动词的适当形式填空。用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.My brother isnt at home now. He _(go) to Beijing. He _ (be) there many times. He _ (not be) back until next week.2.When I got home, my

37、 mother _ (go) out for a walk.has gonehas beenwont behad gone3.He_(finish)his composition just now.4.By the end of last month, we _ (learn) ten English songs.5. _she _(do) morning exercises every day? finished had learnt Does do 6.Our country _ (change) a lot since 1982.9.Listen!Someone_ (sing)in th

38、e next room.10.Our teacher told us the earth _(go) around the sun. has changedis singing goes 改错专训改错专训1.Kates uncle has gone to Beijing twice.2. Well go to the zoo if it wont rain tomorrow.3. The meeting has begun for half an hour.has gone-has beenwont - doesntbegun - been on4.Lucy with his sister a

39、re flying kites now.5.There is going to have a meeting tonight.6.The dog died five years before.7.How long have you bought the pen?are-ishave a meeting-be a meetingbefore-agobought -had8. We have been here since four years.9. My brother has joined the Army for three years.10.The teacher said that li

40、ght travelled faster than sound.11.You have to stay here, havent you?since -forjoined -been intravelled -travelshavent -dont12. The boy said that he will go to the zoo this Sunday.13.We have learnt 1,000 words by the end of last term.14.Its three years since we come here.will go -would gohave learnt

41、 -had learnt come -came 15. Could you tell me how long you have bought the computer?16. She will go shopping next Sunday if she wont be busy.17.Youve never eaten fish, do you ?have bought -have hadwont be -isntdo you -have you被动语态被动语态(Passive Voice)Sentence structure: be + done(pp.) 1.(一般现在时被动式一般现在时

42、被动式) am/is/are +done 2.(一般过去时被动式一般过去时被动式) was /were + done 3.(现在完成时被动式现在完成时被动式) have/has +been +done 4.(一般将来时被动式一般将来时被动式) shall/will+be +done 5.(情态动词被动式情态动词被动式) can/may/must/should+ be+done 6.(现在进行时被动式现在进行时被动式) am/is/are/+being+done 7.(过去进行时被动式过去进行时被动式) was/were+being+ done 走进中考走进中考1. -These bananas

43、 look different and they are sweet. - Right. They _ here from Taiwan yesterday. A. was brought B. were brought C. bring D. are broughtB2.-Susan, why are you still here? they are all ready to start. -Im sorry, but I _ when to start. A. dont tell B. didnt tell C. havent told D. wasnt told3. The flower

44、s _ everyday , or they will die. A. must water B. can be water C. should water D. must be watered DD4. The doctor looked over Peter carefully after he _ to the hospital. A. takes B. is taken C. took D. was taken5. Oh, this is really a big shop. Do you know when it _? A. built B. was built C. has bui

45、lt D. has been builtDB6. -How clean your classroom is ! - Thank you. It _ every day. A. is cleaned B. was cleaned C. was cleaning D. is cleaning7. -The pollution problem here seems to get more and more serious. -Yes, something _ with it. A. has done B. must be done C. is doing D. was doneAB8.-Whats

46、wrong with you ? -I _ by a car yesterday. A. was hit B. hit C. is hit D. hits9.You may go out to play when your homework _.A. does B. is done C. was done D. did10.We _ by Class 2 yesterday. A. beat B. beaten C. were beaten D. are beatenABC8. We should water the young trees every two days.(被动语态被动语态)

47、The young trees should _ _ every two days.9. We clean the windows of our classroom twice a month.(被动语态被动语态) The windows of our classroom _ _ twice a month.be wateredare cleaned 10. The children ate up all the apples in the basket.(被动语态被动语态) All the apples in the basket _ _ up by the children.11. The

48、 workers built the bridge five years ago.(被动语态被动语态) The bridge _ _ five years ago. was builtwere eaten 表示可能、怀疑、允诺、愿表示可能、怀疑、允诺、愿望、义务、必要、猜测等的动望、义务、必要、猜测等的动词是情态动词。词是情态动词。情态动词情态动词1.can 可表示能力、允许、可能性、怀疑可表示能力、允许、可能性、怀疑猜测，意为猜测，意为“能会，可以能会，可以”；cant意为意为“不不会，不能，不可以会，不能，不可以”，还有，还有“不可能不可能”之之意意。could为为can的过去式，用法与的

49、过去式，用法与can类类似，常用于过去时中；似，常用于过去时中；could还可用于现在还可用于现在时中表示委婉客气，相当于时中表示委婉客气，相当于can；could也也可表示惊讶怀疑，不相信，可表示惊讶怀疑，不相信， 常用情态动词的用法常用情态动词的用法(2)may表示允许、也许，意为表示允许、也许，意为“可可 以以,也许也许,可能可能”。对。对may的一般的一般问问 句的回答句的回答:肯定回答一般是肯定回答一般是:Yes, please. / Sure Certainly / 等，等，否定回答一般是否定回答一般是:Please dont. / No, you cant / mustnt.(3

50、) must 表示必须要做的事，意为表示必须要做的事，意为 “必须，应该必须，应该”。must一般问句的否定回答用一般问句的否定回答用neednt或或dont have to,而不用而不用mustnt.mustnt意为意为“不可以，不能不可以，不能”，表，表禁止，不许可。禁止，不许可。must还可表示有把握的推测，意为还可表示有把握的推测，意为“一定、肯定一定、肯定”。(4) Shall , will用来征求对方用来征求对方 意见意见,shall用于第一人称用于第一人称, will用于第二人称，用来用于第二人称，用来 表示意愿表示意愿; Shall we go to the park tomo