2过去分词作宾语补足语.ppt

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1、 At midnight, I heard songs broadcast. It made me quite annoyed and puzzled. Looking out of the window , I found the music coming from a girls dorm.” I must have her turn off the music. ” I thought, so I angrily shoutedtowards it:“ Hey ,girl. Could you turn off the music? It seems disturbing.” Just

2、at the same moment , a voice came, ”Hey ,Polly ,do you know your voice have had all of us disturbed!”Past participles used as object complement(过去分词做宾语补足语过去分词做宾语补足语)GrammarWhat is Object Complement? 宾语补足语：在英语中，某些及物动词宾语补足语：在英语中，某些及物动词不仅需要宾语，而且还要求某个词或词组来不仅需要宾语，而且还要求某个词或词组来补充说明宾语，即表示宾语代表的人或物所补充说明宾语，即表示

3、宾语代表的人或物所发出的动作或所处的状态，这个词或短语称发出的动作或所处的状态，这个词或短语称为宾语补足语。有些语法书把宾语和补足语为宾语补足语。有些语法书把宾语和补足语称为复合宾语。称为复合宾语。 ReviewWe think him clever.What he said made me angry.They consider the answer correct.Everyone calls him Tom.宾语宾语 宾补宾补带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词某些及物动词 +直接宾语直接宾语 + 宾语补足语宾语补足语1. His father named

4、 him Daming. 2. They painted their house white.3. You mustnt force him to lend his money to you.4. Nobody noticed him enter the room.5. We saw her entering the room. ( (名词名词) )( (动词不定式动词不定式) )( (现在分词或其短语现在分词或其短语) )( (形容词形容词) )( (省略省略toto的动词不定式的动词不定式) )哪些可以做宾补？哪些可以做宾补？5. We must get the work finished

5、 by 10 oclock. 6. We take English as a useful tool for research work.7. Whenever you may go, you will find him at work. 8. Let the fresh air in.9. The plant has its own name. You cannot call it what you will. ( (过去分词过去分词) )( (用用as引出引出) )( (介词短语介词短语) )(副词副词)( (从句从句) )概述概述英语中有些动词，除了有一个英语中有些动词，除了有一个直接宾

6、语外，还要有一个宾语直接宾语外，还要有一个宾语补足语，句子才完整。过去分补足语，句子才完整。过去分词作宾补表示该动词与宾语之词作宾补表示该动词与宾语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，它间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，它对宾补作进一步的补充说明。对宾补作进一步的补充说明。作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语之间的关系作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语之间的关系 1. 及物动词及物动词(短语短语)的过去分词用作宾语的过去分词用作宾语补足语时补足语时, 宾语即是过去分词的逻辑宾宾语即是过去分词的逻辑宾语语, 宾语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的宾语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。被动关系。 I want the letter po

7、sted. 我想把这封信寄出去。我想把这封信寄出去。2. 少数不及物动词如少数不及物动词如 go, change, fall 等的等的 过去分词作宾语补足语时过去分词作宾语补足语时, 仅表示动作完成。仅表示动作完成。 因此因此, 宾语与过去分词之间不存在逻辑上宾语与过去分词之间不存在逻辑上 的被动关系。的被动关系。She found her ring gone on her way home. 在回家的路上在回家的路上, 她发现项链不见了。她发现项链不见了。3. 动词动词 seat, hide, dress 等的过去分词作宾等的过去分词作宾语补足语一般表示状语而不表示被动的意义语补足语一般表示

8、状语而不表示被动的意义, 因此因此, 虽然宾语与它们存在逻辑上的主动关系虽然宾语与它们存在逻辑上的主动关系, 但也只能用它们的过去分词作宾语补足语。但也只能用它们的过去分词作宾语补足语。如如: When I came in, I found a strange girl seated in the corner.我进来时我进来时, 发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。过去分词作过去分词作宾语补足语宾语补足语 五种情况五种情况I had my hair _yesterday. cut The house is broken. Please get the house _

9、(mend) now.mendedI saw them _ in the rain. caught Xiao Xin found all his money _(steal) on his way home.stolenunfinishedMy mother never allow me to play computer games with my homework _.（finish）“使役动词使役动词 1.have/get + 1.have/get + 宾语过去宾语过去分词分词”的几种含义的几种含义Note1 . 意为意为“主语请别人做某事主语请别人做某事”。例如：。例如： He had

10、his hair cut. . 意为意为“主语遭遇、遭受某一不愉快、不测的事主语遭遇、遭受某一不愉快、不测的事情情”。 Be careful, or youll have your hands hurt. . 意为意为“使完成某事使完成某事”，事情既可以是别人做完，事情既可以是别人做完，也可以由主语参与完成也可以由主语参与完成 He had the walls painted this morning. 他今早把墙漆了。（主语自己可能参与）他今早把墙漆了。（主语自己可能参与）He had his hair cut.He had his clothes washed.He had his roo

11、m cleaned.He had his walls painted.He had his bike repaired.hairclothesroomwallscarHe got his leg injured.He got his glasses broken.He got his camera damaged.He got his wallet stolen.2. make + + 宾语宾语+ +过去分词，在这种结构中，过去分词，在这种结构中，过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的，过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的，如如： I raised my voice to make myself h

12、eard. They managed to make themselves understood by using very simple English.3. 感官动词感官动词feel, find, hear, notice, see,watch 等表示感觉和心理状态的动词之后等表示感觉和心理状态的动词之后, 表表: “感受到某人或某事被做感受到某人或某事被做”。I was sleeping when I heard my name called. He was disappointed to find his suggestions turned down.I saw him _.scol

13、dscolded by his motherI saw _.bitehim bitten by a dogI saw _.robher robbed by a man4. 表示表示“意欲意欲; 命令命令”的动词如的动词如: like, order, want,wish, 相当于过去分词短语前省略了相当于过去分词短语前省略了to be, 表示表示“希望希望/要求某人或某事被做要求某人或某事被做”。I wish these letters (to be) typed as soon as possible.He didnt want such question discussed at the m

14、eeting.The father wants his daughter taught the piano. 2. 看看 watch, notice, see, look at, observe catch 听听 hear, listen to 感感 feel 闻闻 smell 发现发现 find3. 情感情感 want, wish, like1. 使役使役 keep, leave, get, have, makesth./sb. doneI had my watch repaired.I had my room cleaned.I had my foot injured.She found

15、his hair cut.She found his clothes washed. She found his room cleaned. have sth./sb. done find sth./sb doneHe got his leg injured.He got his camera damaged.He got his glasses broken. get sth./sb doneI saw him beaten by his mother.I saw him bitten by a dog.I saw him robbed by a man. see sth./sb. done

16、I made him punished. make sth./sb. doneI watched him killed. watch sth./sb done1) Being poor at English, Im afraid I cant make myself _.A. understand B. to understand C. understandingD. understood D 2) You must get the work _ before Friday. A. do B. to do C. doing D. done D 3) _ the room, the nurse

17、found the tape-recorder _ . A. Entering; stealing B. Entering; stolen C. To have entered; being stolen D. Having entered; to be stolen B 4) We are pleased to see the problem _ so quickly. A. settled B. having been settled C. be settled D. settling settle 解决解决A 5. Mrs. Brown was much disappointedto s

18、ee the washing machine she hadhad_ went wrong again.A. it B. it repairedC. repaired D. to be repairedC 5.“with 宾语过去分词宾语过去分词”结构中结构中, 过去分词过去分词用作介词用作介词 with 的宾语补足语。这一结构通常的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。 The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. (表方式表方式)With wa

19、ter heated, we can see the steam. (表条件表条件) With the matter settled, we all went home.(表原因表原因) 注意：注意：在这一结构中在这一结构中, 当宾语为某一身体部位当宾语为某一身体部位, 且作且作宾补的动词是及物动词时宾补的动词是及物动词时, 身体部位通常是身体部位通常是过去分词的逻辑宾语过去分词的逻辑宾语, 因而过去分词不可换用因而过去分词不可换用现在分词现在分词。 She stood in front of him, with her eyes fixed on his face. 她站在他面前她站在他面前

20、, 眼睛注视着他。眼睛注视着他。 (fix ones eyes on 为固定短语为固定短语)He stood for an instant with his hand still raised. 他仍然举着手站了一会儿。他仍然举着手站了一会儿。当用某些不及物动词的分词形式作身体部位当用某些不及物动词的分词形式作身体部位的宾补时的宾补时, 用现在分词的形式。用现在分词的形式。 She felt her heart beating fast. 她觉得心跳很快。她觉得心跳很快。 (beat 意为意为“心跳心跳”, 是不及物动词是不及物动词)6. 有时过去分词作宾补可以变为被动有时过去分词作宾补可以变

21、为被动语态语态, 这时过去分词改这时过去分词改作主语补足语作主语补足语, 说明主语所处的状态。说明主语所处的状态。The door was found broken.Her bag was found stolen when she woke up. 过去分词、现在分词、和不定式过去分词、现在分词、和不定式做宾补的区别做宾补的区别 Note 2 （1）现在分词做宾语补足语时，）现在分词做宾语补足语时，从逻辑上，他与宾语来说是从逻辑上，他与宾语来说是主动（谓）关系主动（谓）关系，即宾语是宾语补足语所表示的动作的发出者。即宾语是宾语补足语所表示的动作的发出者。而且它强调的是而且它强调的是动作在进行

22、或者是在延续动作在进行或者是在延续。I saw him lying on the road just now.（2）不定式做宾语补足语与宾语）不定式做宾语补足语与宾语在逻辑上来说也是在逻辑上来说也是主动（谓）关系主动（谓）关系，但它不表示动作正在进行，但它不表示动作正在进行，而强调的是而强调的是动作的全过程动作的全过程。 I saw him get off the bus.（3）过去分词做宾语补足语时，）过去分词做宾语补足语时，它与宾语在逻辑上是一种它与宾语在逻辑上是一种动宾关系动宾关系，即宾语是宾语补足语所表示的动作的承即宾语是宾语补足语所表示的动作的承受者。受者。I saw him kno

23、cked down by a car.u(to) do/ v-ing / pp. 作宾补的区别： I saw him take away the dictionary just now. (拿走了那本字典) I saw him taking away the dictionary on the desk. (正在拿那本字典) I saw the dictionary taken away by a child. (字典被拿走了)(to) do 动作全过程已结束动作全过程已结束 v-ing 动作正在进行动作正在进行pp. 表被动完成表被动完成Fill in the blanks.I heard

24、someone _me. I heard my name _. I found Tom _ the window.I found the window _.callingcalledbreakbroken1) I have had my bike _, and Im going to have somebody _ my radio tomorrow. A. repair; to repair B. repairing; to be repaired C. repaired; repair D. to repair; repairing C2. I could feel the wind _

25、on my face from an open window. A. to blow B. blowing C. to be blowing D. blownB 省略省略to的情况：的情况：1) 情态动词情态动词 (除除ought 外外, ought to);2) 使役动词使役动词 let, have, make;3) 感官动词感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice, observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补等后作宾补, 省略省略to。注意注意: 在被动语态中则在被动语态中则to不能省掉。不能省掉。I saw

26、him dance. =He was seen to dance.The boss made them work the whole night.=They were made to work the whole night. Note 3 1. With a lot of difficult problems _, the newlyelected president is having a hard time. A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled2. With trees, flowers and grass _ eve

27、rywhere, my native town had taken a new look. A. planting B. planted C. to plant D. to be plantedA B 3. She was glad to see her child well _ care of. A.take B. to be taken C. taken D. taking4. The result of the entrance exams was not made _ to the public until last Thursday. A. knowing B. known C. t

28、o know D. to be knownC B 5. I can make you _ what I say, butyou cant make yourself _ in English.A. understand; understandB. understand, understoodC. to understand, understandD. understand; to be understoodB 6. He found them _ at a table_A. sat; to play chessB. sitting; to play chessC. seated; playin

29、g chessD. seat; play the chess9. John rushed out in a hurry, _the door _.A. leaving; unlocked B. leaving;unlockingC. left, unlocked D. to leave;unlockingC A 7. Helen had to shout _ above the sound the music. A. making herself hear B. to make herself hear C. making herself heard D. to make herself he

30、ard.D8. Laws that punish parents for their little childrens actions against the laws get parents _. A. worried B. to worry C. worrying D. worry9. It is wise to have some money _ for old age. A. put away B. kept up C. given away D. laid upAA10. -I cant see the words on the blackboard. -Perhaps you need _. A. to have your eyes examined B. to examine your eye C. to have examined your eyes D. your eyes to be examined11. They woke up, finding everything around _. A. changing B. change C. changed D. to changeA C